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From: |
GNUN |
Subject: |
www licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja.po philoso... |
Date: |
Mon, 25 Mar 2013 00:57:51 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 13/03/25 00:57:50
Modified files:
licenses/po : gplv3-the-program.ja.po
philosophy : essays-and-articles.ja.html
philosophy/po : essays-and-articles.ja-en.html
essays-and-articles.ja.po
server : body-include-2.ja.html
Added files:
licenses : gplv3-the-program.ja.html
licenses/po : gplv3-the-program.ja-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/gplv3-the-program.ja.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja-en.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/essays-and-articles.ja.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.26&r2=1.27
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.24&r2=1.25
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.53&r2=1.54
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/body-include-2.ja.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.39&r2=1.40
Patches:
Index: licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja.po 25 Mar 2013 00:40:34 -0000 1.1
+++ licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja.po 25 Mar 2013 00:57:49 -0000 1.2
@@ -470,8 +470,8 @@
msgstr ""
"æ¡é
7(b)(5)ã第10ç¯ã®æç«
ã§ç½®ãæãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ãããããã¡ã¯ãããã¾ããã"
"ããã§ãããããã¡ã¯ç¬¬äºã®ã«ãã´ãªã«å¯¾å¿ãããã®ã
ããæ®ãã¾ããã第ä¸ã®ã«ã"
-"ã´ãªã¯ãã§ããããèæ¡3ã§ã¯GPLé両ç«ã®ããããªãå¶éãã«è»¢ããåæ§ã«GPL"
-"ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³3ã§ããããªã£ã¦ãæçµçã«GPLv3ã¯çºè¡ããã¾ããã"
+"ã´ãªã¯ãã§ããããèæ¡3ã§ã¯GPLé両ç«ã®ããããªãå¶éãã«è»¢ããåæ§ã«GPLãã¼"
+"ã¸ã§ã³3ã§ããããªã£ã¦ãæçµçã«GPLv3ã¯çºè¡ããã¾ããã"
#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid "<a href=\"/licenses/gpl-faq.html\">Return to the FAQ</a>"
Index: philosophy/essays-and-articles.ja.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/essays-and-articles.ja.html,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- philosophy/essays-and-articles.ja.html 22 Mar 2013 08:02:09 -0000
1.26
+++ philosophy/essays-and-articles.ja.html 25 Mar 2013 00:57:50 -0000
1.27
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ja.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.en.html"
-->
-<title>å°è«ã¨è«èª¬ - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³ (FSF)</title>
+<title>å°è«ã¨è«èª¬ - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ja.html" -->
@@ -378,8 +380,8 @@
<h3>ãã£ã¨ç念ã®è«èª¬ã¸ã®ãªã³ã¯</h3>
<ul>
-<li id="Speeches"><a
href="speeches-and-interview.html">è¬æ¼ã¨ã¤ã³ã¿ãã¥ã¼</a></li>
-<li id="ThirdPartyIdeas"><a href="third-party-ideas.html">第ä¸è
ã®èã</a></li>
+<li id="Speeches"><a
href="/philosophy/speeches-and-interview.html">è¬æ¼ã¨ã¤ã³ã¿ãã¥ã¼</a></li>
+<li id="ThirdPartyIdeas"><a href="/philosophythird-party-ideas.html">第ä¸è
ã®èã</a></li>
<li id="Philosophy"><a href="/philosophy/">ç念ã®ã¡ã¤ã³ãã¼ã¸</a></li>
</ul>
@@ -389,30 +391,39 @@
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.ja.html" -->
<div id="footer">
-<p>
-FSFããã³GNUã«é¢ããåãåããã¯<a
+
+<p>FSFããã³GNUã«é¢ããåãåããã¯<a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã¾ã§ãé¡ããã¾ã(è±èª)ãFSFã¸ã®é£çµ¡ã¯<a
-href="/contact/">ä»ã®æ¹æ³</a>ãããã¾ãã
-<br />
-ãªã³ã¯åããä»ã®ä¿®æ£ãææ¡ã¯<a
-href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã¾ã§ãéããã
ããã
-</p>
+href="/contact/">ä»ã®æ¹æ³</a>ãããã¾ãããªã³ã¯åããä»ã®ä¿®æ£ãææ¡ã¯<a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã¾ã§ãéããã
ããã</p>
<p>
+<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
æ£ç¢ºã§è¯ãå質ã®ç¿»è¨³ãæä¾ããããåªåãã¦ãã¾ãããä¸å®å
¨ãªå
´åããããã¨æãã¾ãã翻訳ã«é¢ããã³ã¡ã³ãã¨ææ¡ã¯ã<a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã«ãããããã¾ããããããã¡ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨æåºã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">翻訳
README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã
-</p>
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">翻訳
README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã</p>
+
+<p>Copyright © 1996-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-<p>
-Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
-2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>ãã®ãã¼ã¸ã¯<a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative Commons
-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
License</a>ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§è¨±è«¾ããã¾ãã
-</p>
+Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
License</a>ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§è¨±è«¾ããã¾ãã</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.ja.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -424,17 +435,11 @@
<p><!-- timestamp start -->
æçµæ´æ°:
-$Date: 2013/03/22 08:02:09 $
+$Date: 2013/03/25 00:57:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-
-<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
-<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
-<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
-<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
-<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
</div>
</body>
</html>
Index: philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.24
retrieving revision 1.25
diff -u -b -r1.24 -r1.25
--- philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-en.html 22 Mar 2013 08:02:20
-0000 1.24
+++ philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-en.html 25 Mar 2013 00:57:50
-0000 1.25
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Essays and Articles - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
(FSF)</title>
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
+<title>Essays and Articles
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<div id="education-content">
@@ -452,56 +454,53 @@
<h3>Links to more philosophy articles</h3>
<ul>
-<li id="Speeches"><a href="speeches-and-interview.html">Speeches and
+<li id="Speeches"><a href="/philosophy/speeches-and-interview.html">Speeches
and
interviews</a></li>
-<li id="ThirdPartyIdeas"><a href="third-party-ideas.html">Third party
+<li id="ThirdPartyIdeas"><a href="/philosophy/third-party-ideas.html">Third
party
ideas</a></li>
<li id="Philosophy"><a href="/philosophy/">The main philosophy page</a></li>
</ul>
-</div>
-
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-
<div id="footer">
-<p>
-Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.
-<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-Please see the
-<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
-translations of this article.
-</p>
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a
+href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and other
+corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
+information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+
+<p>Copyright © 1996-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-<p>
-Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
-2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.
-</p>
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p>Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/03/22 08:02:20 $
+$Date: 2013/03/25 00:57:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
-<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
-<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
-<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
-<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
-
</div>
</body>
</html>
Index: philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.53
retrieving revision 1.54
diff -u -b -r1.53 -r1.54
--- philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja.po 25 Mar 2013 00:40:34 -0000
1.53
+++ philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja.po 25 Mar 2013 00:57:50 -0000
1.54
@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Essays and Articles - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
-msgstr ""
-"å°è«ã¨è«èª¬ - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³"
+msgstr "å°è«ã¨è«èª¬ - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³"
#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Essays and Articles"
@@ -1192,7 +1191,8 @@
msgid ""
"<a href=\"/philosophy/speeches-and-interview.html\">Speeches and interviews</"
"a>"
-msgstr "<a
href=\"/philosophy/speeches-and-interview.html\">è¬æ¼ã¨ã¤ã³ã¿ãã¥ã¼</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a
href=\"/philosophy/speeches-and-interview.html\">è¬æ¼ã¨ã¤ã³ã¿ãã¥ã¼</a>"
#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
msgid "<a href=\"/philosophy/third-party-ideas.html\">Third party ideas</a>"
Index: server/body-include-2.ja.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/server/body-include-2.ja.html,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- server/body-include-2.ja.html 22 Mar 2013 03:59:55 -0000 1.39
+++ server/body-include-2.ja.html 25 Mar 2013 00:57:50 -0000 1.40
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
<!-- /searcher -->
<ul>
- <li id="tabAboutGNU"><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">About GNU</a></li>
+ <li id="tabAboutGNU"><a href="/help/help.html">GNUã«ã¤ãã¦</a></li>
<li id="tabPhilosophy"><a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">ç念</a></li>
<li id="tabLicenses"><a
href="/licenses/licenses.html">ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹</a></li>
<li id="tabEducation"><a href="/education/education.html">æè²</a></li>
Index: licenses/gplv3-the-program.ja.html
===================================================================
RCS file: licenses/gplv3-the-program.ja.html
diff -N licenses/gplv3-the-program.ja.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ licenses/gplv3-the-program.ja.html 25 Mar 2013 00:57:49 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ja.html" -->
+
+<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
+ <!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/licenses/gplv3-the-program.en.html" -->
+
+<title>ãããã°ã©ã ãã¯GPLv3ã§ãªã«ãæå³ããã?</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ja.html" -->
+<h2>ãããã°ã©ã ãã¯GPLv3ã§ãªã«ãæå³ããã?</h2>
+
+<h3>ã¾ã¨ã</h3>
+
+<p>GNUä¸è¬å
¬è¡ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã®ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³3(GPLv3)ã§ã¯ããããã°ã©ã
ãã¯ãGPLv3ã§ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãããä¸æµã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ãµãããã¯é
å¸è
ããããç¹å®ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã«ãã£ã¦åãã¨ããããããç¹å®ã®ä½åãæå³ãã¾ãããããã°ã©ã
ãã¯ãã®ç¹å®ã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®ä½åã§ããããåãã¨ã£ãã¨ããGPLv3ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã®å®ä¾ã¨ãã¦åãã¨ã£ããã®ã§ãã</p>
+
+<p>ãããã°ã©ã
ãããGPLv3ã§ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ããããã¨ããããã¹ã¦ã®ä½åããæå³ãããã¨ã¯ä¸å¯è½ã§ãããã®è§£éã¯æå³ãããã¾ããããªããªãããããã°ã©ã
ãã¯åæ°ã§ããã®ãããªããããã®ããã°ã©ã
ãä¸ã¤ã®ããã°ã©ã ã¨ãªããã¨ã¯ããã¾ããã</p>
+
+<p>ç¹ã«ãããã¯GPLv3ã®ç¬¬10ç¯ã®ç¬¬3段è½ã®æ¡æã«é©ç¨ããã¾ãããããã¯ããè¿°ã¹ã¦ãã¾ãã</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>[Y]ou may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim or
counterclaim
+in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed by making, using,
+selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
+æ¥æ¬èªè¨³:
+ããªãã¯ä»¥ä¸ã®ãããªè¨´è¨(ããäºä»¶ã«ããã交äºè«æ±ã¾ãã¯å訴ãå«ãã¦)ãèµ·ãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ããããããã°ã©ã
ããããã¯ãã®ä¸é¨ã«é¢ãã¦ããã®ä½æã使ç¨ã販売ã販売ã¨ãã¦æä¾ãã¾ãã¯è¼¸å
¥ã«ã¤ãã¦ãããªãã®ç¹è¨±è«æ±ç¯å²ã侵害ãããã¨ä¸»å¼µãããããªè¨´è¨ã§ãããããã°ã©ã
ãã®ã©ã®é¨åã§ãã£ã¦ããç¹è¨±è«æ±ç¯å²ã®ã©ã®ãããªãã®ã§ãã£ã¦ãã§ãã¾ããã</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>ããã¯ãããGPLv3ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ããåãåã£ãããç¹å®ã®GPLv3ã®åã¶ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã«ç¹è¨±ä¾µå®³ã®è¨´è¨ãèµ·ãããã¨ã«é¢ãã¦ããã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã®è½åã«å¶éãä¸ããæ¡ä»¶ã§ããGPLv3ã®åã¶ããã°ã©ã
Aã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã§ããããé¢ä¿ãªãGPLv3ã®åã¶ããã°ã©ã
Bã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã§ã¯ãªããããå£ä½ãããã°ã©ã
Bã®ç¹è¨±ä¾µå®³ã®è¨´è¨ãèµ·ããã¨ãããããªç¶æ³ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯è¿°ã¹ã¦ãã¾ãããããããã®å£ä½ãAã¨B両æ¹ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã§ããå
´åããã®å£ä½ã¯Bã«é¢ãã権å©ã失ãå¯è½æ§ãããã¾ãããAã§ã¯ããã¾ããã</p>
+
+<p>ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ç¹è¨±ã¯ããã¹ã¦ã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢éçºè
ããã¹ã¦ã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ã¼ã¿ãããã¦ãã¹ã¦ã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã¦ã¼ã¶ã«ãä¸å½ãªè
å¨ãæèµ·ããã®ã§ãå¯è½ã§ããå
´åããããå»æ¢ããã¹ãã§ããå®éãããããã¡ã¯ãã®ãããªãã£ã³ãã¼ã³ããã¦ãã¾ããããããããä¸ã¤ã®GPLã®åã¶ããã°ã©ã
ã«å¯¾ããã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹æ¡ä»¶ãããããGPLã®åã¶ããã°ã©ã
ãæ»æããªããã¨ãç´æãããã¨ãè¦æ±ããã¨ããããã«ãã¾ãã«ãè¡ããããã®ã¯èªæ»
çã§ãããã¨ããããã¡ã¯èãã¾ããã</p>
+
+<h3>ãããªãåæ</h3>
+
+<p>GPLv3ã¯"the Program"ã以ä¸ã®ããã«å®ç¾©ãã¾ã:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"The Program" refers to any copyrightable work
licensed under this
+License.
+æ¥æ¬èªè¨³: ãããã°ã©ã
ãã¯ããã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã§ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ããããä½ããã®èä½æ¨©ãè¨å®ã§ããä½åãæãã</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>ããæ¹ã
ã¯ããã®å®ç¾©ã¯ããã¹ã¦ã®GPLv3ã§ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãããä½åãæå³ãããã¨èªããã¨ãã§ããã¨è«äºãã¾ãããæä¸ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã®æèã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã«ãã£ã¦åãã¨ã£ããããã²ã¨ã¤ã®ç¹å®ã®GPLv3ã§ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãããä½åã§ã¯ãªãã¦ãã§ãããã®ãããªèªè
ã¯ãGPLv3ã®æ°ããç¹è¨±è¦å®ã®ãã®ãããªè§£éã®çµæã«ã¤ãã¦ç¹å¥ãªæ¸å¿µã表æãã¾ãããç¹ã«ã第10ç¯ã®ç¬¬ä¸ãã©ã°ã©ãã«ããç¹è¨±çµäºæ¡ä»¶ã¨ç¬¬11ç¯ã®ç¬¬ä¸ãã©ã°ã©ãã®ä¸æµè²¢ç®è
ã«ããæ示ãããç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹è¨±å¯ã«ã¤ãã¦ã§ãããã®ãããã°ã©ã
ãã®æ¡å¤§è§£éã¯ééãã§ãGPLv3ã®èµ·èè
ã¨ãã¦ã®ããããã¡ã®æå³ã«åãã¦ãã¾ãã</p>
+
+<p>è±èªã®"any"ã¯å¾®å¦ã«ç°ãªã£ãæå³ã®ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ã®ããããã®å½±é¿ãåãããããã®ã§ããããæèã§ã¯"any"ã¯"every"ãããã¯"all"ãæå³ãã¾ããã»ãã§ã¯ãGPLv3ã®ãããã°ã©ã
ãã®å®ç¾©ã§ãããã§ãããããã¯ãããããã®å¯è½æ§ã®ä¸ããé¸æããããããä¸ã¤ã®ç¹å®ã®å
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è¦æ§ãé¤å»ãããã¨ã¯ã§ããªãã£ãã§ãããã"a
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å¸ã®ç¹å®ã®è¡åã§ãç¹å®ã®"you"ã«ãã£ã¦åãåããã
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§ã®è¨èã«ã¤ãã¦èµ·ãããã¨ããããã¾ããã</p>
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+<p>ãã¹ã¦ã®ã»ãã®åè£ã¨ãªãæå³ããªããªããããªæ確ãªé¸æããªãç¶æ³ã§ã¯ã"any"ã«ã¯ä¸å®ã®å©ç¹ãããã¾ãããããã代æ¿ããããããå½¢å¼çã§ãªããæ³å¾çãªä½¿ãæ¹ã§ãããã¾ãããéçºè
ããã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãèªã¿ãé©ç¨ããããã«ã¯é©ãã使ãæ¹ã§ããããã«"any"ã®ä½¿ç¨ã¯ãããããã®éå®çãªå¯è½æ§ããã®é¸æã®æ示ãéãã¦ãè¤æ°ã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®ä½åã¨è¤æ°ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã®ç¶æ³ã®ããã«GPLv3ã®åå©ç¨æ§ã強調ããã¨ããå¹æãããã¾ããGNU
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ã«ãã£ã¦ãã®ããã°ã©ã
ã«ä½¿ã£ã¦ããããã¨ãæå³ãã¦ããã®ã§ããããæããã§ããå¿
è¦ãããã¾ãã</p>
+
+<p>GPLv3ã§è§£éã®åé¡ãå¼ãèµ·ããã"any"ã®åã使ãæ¹ã¯ããã®å¯¾å¿ããå®ç¾©ã«ããã¦ãGPLv2ã«ãåå¨ãã¾ããGPLv2ã®ç¬¬0ç¯ã¯ããè¿°ã¹ã¦ãã¾ã:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>This License applies to any program or other work which
contains a notice
+placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms
+of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to
+any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means
+either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law …
+æ¥æ¬èªè¨³:
+ãã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã¯ããã®ä¸è¬å
¬è¡ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã®æ¡é
ã«ãã£ã¦é
å¸ã§ããã¨è¿°ã¹ãããèä½æ¨©è
ã«ãã£ã¦ã¤ããããå示ãå«ããä½ããã®ããã°ã©ã
ãããã¯ã»ãã®ä½åã«é©ç¨ããã¾ãã以ä¸ã§ãããã°ã©ã
ãã¯ããã®ãããªä½ããã®ããã°ã©ã
ãããã¯ã»ãã®ä½åãæãã¾ãããããã°ã©ã
ããã¼ã¹ã¨ããä½åãã¯ãããã°ã©ã
ããããã¯èä½æ¨©æ³ã«ãããä½ããã®æ´¾çä½åãæãã¾ãã…</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>ããããGPLv2ã«ããããããã°ã©ã
ãã¯ãåãåãããããç¹å®ã®GPLã®åã¶ä½å(ã§ãæ¹å¤ãè¡ãåã®ãã®)ãæå³ãããã¨ããããã¾ã§å¸¸ã«FSFã¨GPLã使ã£ã¦ããã³ãã¥ããã£ã®ãã®ã»ãã®äººã
ã®ç解ã§ãããGPLv3ã®ãããã°ã©ã
ãã®å®ç¾©ã¯ãã®æå³ãç¶æãããã¨ãæå³ãã¦ãã¾ãã</p>
+
+<p>ãããã°ã©ã
ã(ã¨ã(ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã®)åã¶ä½åãã¨ããä¸ä½çã®ç¨èª)ã®ææ¡ãããæ¡å¤§è§£éãé©ç¨ãããã¨ããããæ¡é
ã®è¡¨ç¾ã¨ãã®è稿ã®æ´å²ã¨ä¸è²«ãã¤ã¤ãæå³ãæã¤ããããã¯ä½ããã®å®ç¨ä¸ã®éè¦æ§ãæãããã¨ãããããªæ¡é
ãGPLv3ã«è¦ã¤ãããã¨ã¯ã§ãã¾ããã§ããã</p>
+
+<p>第11ç¯ã®ç¬¬3段è½ã¯ããè¿°ã¹ã¦ãã¾ã:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide,
royalty-free patent
+license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to make, use, sell,
+offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the contents
+of its contributor version.
+æ¥æ¬èªè¨³:
+ããããã®è²¢ç®è
ã¯ãããªãã«å¯¾ãéæä»çãªãå
¨ä¸çã®ããã¤ã¤ãªãã£ã»ããªã¼ã®ç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãããã®è²¢ç®è
ã®éè¦ãªç¹è¨±è«æ±ã®ãã¨ã§ä¸ããä½æã使ç¨ã販売ã販売ã®åéã輸å
¥ããããã¯ããã®è²¢ç®è
ã®ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ã®å
容ã®å®è¡ãæ¹å¤ãããã¦ä¼æ¬ãèªãã¾ãã</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>"contributor"ã¯ããã®ããã°ã©ã
ãããã¯ãã®ããã°ã©ã
ããã®ãã¼ã¹ã¨ããä½åãããã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã§ä½¿ããã¨ãèªå¯ããèä½æ¨©è
ãã¨å®ç¾©ããã¾ãã</p>
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ãã®æ¡å¤§è§£éã¯ãããã¾ã§ææ¡ããã¦ãã¾ããããä¸åçã«ãæ¡å¤§ãããç¹è¨±ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹è¨±å¯ã®åé¡ãå¼ãèµ·ããã¾ãããã®è«æ³ã§ã¯ãããGPLv3ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã«å¯¾ãã¦ãè²¢ç®è
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+<p>ç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹è¨±å¯ã®è¡¨ç¾ã«å¯¾ã詳細ã«æ³¨æããã¨ãããããªããããã®ãããªæ¸å¿µã¯æ
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ã®]è²¢ç®ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ã®ã³ã³ãã³ãã)ãæãã¦ããå¿
è¦ãããã¾ãããããããªãããã®äººã¯ãGPLv3ã§ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ããããã®ãã®ã®åãåãæã§ããå¿
è¦ãããã¾ãã</p>
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ã¯ããã®ãã®ã«å¯¾ã常ã«å®éã®èä½æ¨©ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ãµã§ãããã¯ãç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹è¨±å¯ã®å¯¾è±¡ã§ããç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹è¨±å¯ããçãå¾ãã¦ã¼ã¶ã¯æçµçã«ã¯ãããã®è²¢ç®è
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ã®ãè²¢ç®è
ã®ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ãã«çµã³ã¤ãããã¦ããããã§ããè²¢ç®è
ã¨ç¬¬11ç¯ã®ç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã·ã¯ãç´æ¥ã¾ãã¯é¢ç¯ã®é
å¸ã®é¢ä¿ãæã¡ã¾ããã§ãããã第11ç¯ã®ç¬¬3ãã©ã°ã©ãã¯ãèä½æ¨©ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã§ã¯ãªã誰ãã«å¯¾ãã¦ç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã許å¯ãããã¨ãå¿
è¦ã¨ãã¦ãã¾ããã(éè²¢ç®è
ã®åé
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ã¯ãé©ç¨ã§ããæé»çãªç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã®æ¹éã¨ç¬¬11ç¯ã®ç¬¬6ãã©ã°ã©ãã®ç¹å¥ãªãèªåæ¡å¼µãè¦å®ã®å¯¾è±¡ã®ã¾ã¾ã§ãã)</p>
+
+<p>第10ç¯ã®ç¬¬ä¸ãã©ã°ã©ãã®ç¹è¨±ã«é¢é£ããæ¡é
ãèããã¨ããåæ§ã«ãããã°ã©ã
ãã®æ¡å¤§è§£éã«ã¯ãªãã®æ ¹æ ãããã¾ãããæ¡é
ã¯ããã§ã:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>[Y]ou may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim or
counterclaim
+in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed by making, using,
+selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
+æ¥æ¬èªè¨³:
+ããªãã¯ä»¥ä¸ã®ãããªè¨´è¨(ããäºä»¶ã«ããã交äºè«æ±ã¾ãã¯å訴ãå«ãã¦)ãèµ·ãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ããããããã°ã©ã
ããããã¯ãã®ä¸é¨ã«é¢ãã¦ããã®ä½æã使ç¨ã販売ã販売ã¨ãã¦æä¾ãã¾ãã¯è¼¸å
¥ã«ã¤ãã¦ãããªãã®ç¹è¨±è«æ±ç¯å²ã侵害ãããã¨ä¸»å¼µãããããªè¨´è¨ã§ãããããã°ã©ã
ãã®ã©ã®é¨åã§ãã£ã¦ããç¹è¨±è«æ±ç¯å²ã®ã©ã®ãããªãã®ã§ãã£ã¦ãã§ãã¾ããã</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>第11ç¯ã®ãã©ã°ã©ã3ã®ç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹è¨±å¯ã¨ç¬¬8ç¯ã®çµäºæ¡é
ã¨åããã¦ããã®ç¬¬10ç¯ã®æ¡é
ã¯ãApacheã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ããã¼ã¸ã§ã³2.0ã«å«ã¾ãããã®ã¨åæ§ã®ã¹ã³ã¼ãã®ç¹è¨±ã®çµäºæ¡ä»¶ãèµ·ãããããã¨ã«ãªãã¾ãã</p>
+
+<p>FSFã¯ãããèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã®æ¡å¤§ãããç¹è¨±å
±å¾©æ¡é
ã®æå³ã«å
±æãã¾ããã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ç¹è¨±ãå»æ¢ãããã¨ã大å¤æã¾ãããã¨ã
ããã§ããããããããããã¡ã¯ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã«ç½®ããæ¡å¤§ãããç¹è¨±å
±å¾©è¦å®ã¯ãã³ãã¥ããã£ã®å©çã«ãªããªãã¨èãã¾ããç¹ã«ãã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹è¨±å¯ãçµäºãããããã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã¨é¢ä¿ãªãã»ãã®ããã°ã©ã
ã«é¢ããç¹è¨±è¨´è¨ããã£ããã¨ãªãããæ¡é
ã¯ãããã§ããããGPLv3ã«ç¹è¨±å ±å¾©ãç·¨å
¥ããã«ããããããããã¡ã¯ã¨ã¦ãæ
éã«å¯¾çãæ½ãã¾ããã第10ç¯ã®ãã©ã°ã©ã3ã®æ¡é
ã¯ãããç¥ãããããã¤ãã®ã»ãã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãç¹ã«Mozillaãããªãã¯ã»ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ããã¼ã¸ã§ã³1.1ã®ç¹è¨±å
±å¾©æ¡é
ãããç¹è¨±ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã®çµäºã«é¢ãã¦ãããçããã®ã¨ãªãããæå³ãã¦ãã¾ãã</p>
+
+<p>ãããã°ã©ã
ãã®ãã®æ示ããã解éã第10ç¯ã®ãã©ã°ã©ã3ã®æ¡é
ã«é©ç¨ãããå
´åããã®çµæã¯ãããããã¡ã®ä¸è²«ããéå»ã®å£°æã¨ç¹è¨±å
±å¾©ã«é¢ããããªã·ããããé¢ãããã®ã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ããããã¯æããã«ããããã¡ãæå³ãããã®ã§ã¯ããã¾ããã</p>
+
+<p>GPLãã¼ã¸ã§ã³3ã®ã»ãã®æç«
ãããã¨åãããªã·ã示ãã¦ãã¾ãã第10ç¯ã®ç¹è¨±å ±å¾©æ¡é
ã¯GPLv3ã®èæ¡3ã«ã(èæ¡2ã®)以åã®æ¡é
7(b)(5)ã®ä¸é¨ã®ç½®ãæãã¨ãã¦å ãããã¾ãããæ¡é
7(b)(5)ã¯ãGPLv3ã§ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãããä½åã®ç¹è¨±çµäºã®è¦ç¨ã«äºã¤ã®ã«ãã´ãªãç½®ããã¨ãèªãã¦ãã¾ãã:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>terms that wholly or partially terminate, or allow termination
of,
+permission for use of the material they cover, for a user who files a
+software patent lawsuit (that is, a lawsuit alleging that some software
+infringes a patent) not filed in retaliation or defense against the earlier
+filing of another software patent lawsuit, or in which the allegedly
+infringing software includes some of the covered material, possibly in
+combination with other software …
+ãããããåã«æèµ·ããããããã²ã¨ã¤ã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ç¹è¨±è¨´è¨ãã¾ãã¯ããã¨ãã°ã»ãã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã¨çµã¿åããã¦ãã«ãã¼ããããã®ã®ä¸é¨ãå«ã¿ãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã侵害ãã¦ããã¨ä¸»å¼µããããã¨ã«å¯¾ããå
±å¾©ãããã¯é²å¾¡ã§ã¯ãªããããã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ç¹è¨±è¨´è¨(ã¤ã¾ããããã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãããç¹è¨±ã侵害ãã¦ããã¨ä¸»å¼µãã訴è¨)ããã¡ã¤ã«ããã¦ã¼ã¶ã«å¯¾ãããããã«ãã¼ãããã®ãã®ã®ä½¿ç¨ã®è¨±å¯ãå
¨ä½ãããã¯ä¸é¨ãçµäºããããããã¯ãçµäºãèªããæ¡é
ã¯ã…</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>第7ç¯ã¯GPLèªèº«ã®ããªã·ã«ã¤ãã¦è¿°ã¹ã¦ãã¾ãããããã§ã¯ãªããã»ãã®ä¸¡ç«ããã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãã©ãã¾ã§è¡ããã«ã¤ãã¦è¿°ã¹ã¦ãã¾ããã§ãããã第7ç¯ã®æç«
ã¯ç¢ºå®ããæ¡å¤§ã®ç¹è¨±å
±å¾©ãæãã¦ããªãã§ããããGPLã®åã¶ã³ã¼ããããã®ãããªæ¡å¤§ã®ç¹è¨±å
±å¾©ãè¡ãã»ãã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã¨çµã¿åãããå
´åã«ã許å¯ããããããããªãã ãã§ãã</p>
+
+<p>ããã¯è¨ã£ã¦ããèæ¡3ã®çè«çæ ¹æ
ã§èª¬æããã¨ããããã®ãããªæ¡å¤§å
±å¾©ã¯æ¹å¤ããã¾ããããã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ã®å¯¾è±¡ã¨ãªãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã¨é¢ä¿ãªãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ããå訴ããããã®ã¨ãã¦ãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ç¹è¨±è¨´è¨ã«é©ç¨ããããããã§ããããã両ç«æ§ãæä¾ãããããªåºãç¨ãããã¦ããã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ããªããã¨ãããèæ¡3ã§ãããããã¡ã¯æ¡å¤§ç¹è¨±å
±å¾©ãGPL両ç«æ§ã®ç¯å²ããã¯ããã¾ããã</p>
+
+<p>æ¡é
7(b)(5)ã第10ç¯ã®æç«
ã§ç½®ãæãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ãããããã¡ã¯ãããã¾ãããããã§ãããããã¡ã¯ç¬¬äºã®ã«ãã´ãªã«å¯¾å¿ãããã®ã
ããæ®ãã¾ããã第ä¸ã®ã«ãã´ãªã¯ãã§ããããèæ¡3ã§ã¯GPLé両ç«ã®ããããªãå¶éãã«è»¢ããåæ§ã«GPLãã¼ã¸ã§ã³3ã§ããããªã£ã¦ãæçµçã«GPLv3ã¯çºè¡ããã¾ããã
+</p>
+
+<p><a href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">FAQã«ãã©ã</a></p>
+
+
+<div style="font-size: small;">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+ </div>
+</div>
+
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.ja.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>
+FSFããã³GNUã«é¢ããåãåããã¯<a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã¾ã§ãé¡ããã¾ã(è±èª)ãFSFã¸ã®é£çµ¡ã¯<a
+href="/contact/">ä»ã®æ¹æ³</a>ãããã¾ãã
+<br />
+ãªã³ã¯åããä»ã®ä¿®æ£ãææ¡ã¯<a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã¾ã§ãéããã
ããã
+</p>
+
+<p>
+æ£ç¢ºã§è¯ãå質ã®ç¿»è¨³ãæä¾ããããåªåãã¦ãã¾ãããä¸å®å
¨ãªå
´åããããã¨æãã¾ãã翻訳ã«é¢ããã³ã¡ã³ãã¨ææ¡ã¯ã<a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã«ãããããã¾ããããããã¡ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨æåºã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">翻訳
README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright © 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+</p>
+<address>51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA</address>
+<p>ãã®ãã¼ã¸ã¯<a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative Commons
+Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
License</a>ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§è¨±è«¾ããã¾ãã
+</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.ja.html" -->
+<div class="translators-credits">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
+ </div>
+
+
+ <p><!-- timestamp start -->
+æçµæ´æ°:
+
+$Date: 2013/03/25 00:57:49 $
+
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
Index: licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja-en.html
diff -N licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja-en.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.ja-en.html 25 Mar 2013 00:57:49 -0000
1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<title>What does "the Program" mean in GPLv3?</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/licenses/po/gplv3-the-program.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>What does "the Program" mean in GPLv3?</h2>
+
+<h3>Summary</h3>
+
+<p>In version 3 of the GNU General Public License (GPLv3), the term "the
+Program" means one particular work that is licensed under GPLv3 and is
+received by a particular licensee from an upstream licensor or
+distributor. The Program is the particular work of software that you
+received in a given instance of GPLv3 licensing, as you received it.</p>
+
+<p>"The Program" cannot mean "all the works ever licensed
+under GPLv3"; that interpretation makes no sense, because "the
+Program" is singular: those many different programs do not constitute
+one program.</p>
+
+<p>In particular, this applies to the clause in section 10, paragraph 3
+of GPLv3 which states</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>[Y]ou may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim or
+ counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is
+ infringed by making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing
+ the Program or any portion of it.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>This is a condition that limits the ability of a GPLv3 licensee to
+bring a lawsuit accusing the particular GPLv3-covered software
+received by the licensee of patent infringement. It does not speak to
+the situation in which a party who is a licensee of GPLv3-covered
+program A, but not of unrelated GPLv3-covered program B, initiates
+litigation accusing program B of patent infringement. If the party is
+a licensee of both A and B, that party would potentially lose rights
+to B, but not to A.</p>
+
+<p>Since software patents pose an unjust threat to all software
+developers, all software distributors, and all software users, we
+would abolish them if we could. Indeed, we campaign to do so. But we
+think it would have been self-defeating to make the license conditions
+for any one GPL-covered program go so far as to require a promise
+to never attack any GPL-covered program.</p>
+
+<h3>Further analysis</h3>
+
+<p>GPLv3 defines "the Program" as follows:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"The Program" refers to any copyrightable work
+ licensed under this License.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>Some have contended that this definition can be read to mean all
+GPLv3-licensed works, rather than the one particular GPLv3-licensed
+work received by a licensee in a given licensing context. These
+readers have expressed particular concern about the consequences of
+such an interpretation for the new patent provisions of GPLv3,
+especially the patent termination condition found in the third
+paragraph 10 and the express patent license grant made by upstream
+contributors under the third paragraph of section 11. This overbroad
+reading of "the Program" is incorrect, and contrary to our intent as
+the drafters of GPLv3.</p>
+
+<p>The word "any" is susceptible to multiple, subtly different
+shades of meaning in English. In some contexts, "any" means
+"every" or "all"; in others, including the definition
+of "the Program" in GPLv3, it suggests "one particular
+instance of, selected from many possibilities". This variability has
+to be resolved by the context. This context resolves it, but it requires
+some thought.</p>
+
+<p>We could have worded the definition of "the Program"
+differently, such as by using "a particular" instead of
+"any", but that would not have eliminated the need for thought.
+The phrase "a particular work licensed under this License",
+regarded in isolation, would not necessarily signify *the* particular work
+received by a particular "you" in a particular act of licensing
+or distribution. Our review of other free software licenses shows that
+they raise similar issues of interpretation, with words of general
+reference used in order to facilitate license reuse.</p>
+
+<p>Given that no choice is so clear that all other candidate meanings
+must be rejected, "any" has certain advantages. It is a somewhat
+more informal and less legalistic usage than the possible
+alternatives, an appropriate register for the developers reading
+and applying the license. Moreover, the usage of "any", through
+its suggestion of selection out of many qualifying possibilities,
+has the effect of emphasizing the reusability of GPLv3 for
+multiple works of software and in multiple licensing situations.
+The GNU GPL is intended to be used by many developers on their programs
+and that too needs to be clear.</p>
+
+<p>The same use of "any" that has given rise to interpretive
+concerns under GPLv3 exists in GPLv2, in its corresponding definition.
+Section 0 of GPLv2 states:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>This License applies to any program or other work which
+ contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be
+ distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The
+ "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a
+ "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any
+ derivative work under copyright law …</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>However, it has always been the understanding of the FSF and others in
+the GPL-using community that "the Program" in GPLv2 means the
+particular GPL-covered work that you receive, before you make any
+possible modifications to it. The definition of "the Program" in
+GPLv3 is intended to preserve this meaning.</p>
+
+<p>We can find no clause in GPLv3 in which applying the suggested broad
+interpretation of "the Program" (and the superset term
+"covered work") would make sense or have any practical
+significance, consistent with the wording of the clause and its drafting
+history. The patent provisions of GPLv3 are a case in point.</p>
+
+<p>The third paragraph of section 11 states:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide,
+ royalty-free patent license under the contributor's essential patent
+ claims, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run,
+ modify and propagate the contents of its contributor
+ version.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>A "contributor" is defined as "a copyright holder who
+authorizes use under this License of the Program or a work on which the
+Program is based."</p>
+
+<p>The broad reading of "the Program", it has been suggested,
+gives rise to an unreasonably broad patent license grant. The reasoning is
+that, for a given GPLv3 licensee, the set of contributors granting patent
+licenses becomes all GPLv3 licensors of all GPLv3-covered works in the
+world, and not merely licensors of the specific work received by that
+licensee in a particular act of licensing.</p>
+
+<p>Close attention to the wording of the patent license grant, however,
+shows that these concerns are unfounded. In order to exercise the
+permissions of the patent license grant, a GPLv3 licensee must have
+"the contents of [the contributor's] contributor version" in his
+possession. If he does, then he is necessarily a recipient of that
+material, licensed to him under GPLv3.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, contributors are always the actual copyright licensors of the
+material that is the subject of the patent license grant. The user
+benefiting from the patent license grant has ultimately received the
+material covered by the grant from those contributors. If it were
+otherwise, the patent license grant would be meaningless, because the
+exercise of its permissions is tied to the contributor's "contributor
+version". The contributors and the section 11 patent licensee stand
+in a direct or indirect distribution relationship. Therefore, section 11,
+paragraph 3 does not require you to grant a patent license to anyone who is
+not also your copyright licensee. (Non-contributor redistributors remain
+subject to applicable implied patent license doctrine and to the special
+"automatic extension" provision of section 11, paragraph 6.)</p>
+
+<p>There is similarly no basis for the broad reading of "the
+Program" when one considers the patent-related clause in the third
+paragraph of section 10. This clause provides:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>[Y]ou may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim
+ or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed
+ by making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or
+ any portion of it.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>Coupled with the patent license grant of section 11, paragraph 3, and
+the termination clause of section 8, this section 10 clause gives rise
+to a patent termination condition similar in scope to that contained
+in the Apache License version 2.0.</p>
+
+<p>The FSF sympathizes with the intent of broad patent retaliation
+clauses in some free software licenses, since the abolition of
+software patents is greatly to be desired. However, we think that
+broad patent retaliation provisions in software licenses are unlikely
+to benefit the community, especially those clauses which can be
+triggered by patent litigation concerning other programs unrelated to
+the software whose license permissions are being terminated. We were
+very cautious in taking steps to incorporate patent retaliation into
+GPLv3, and the section 10, paragraph 3 clause is intended to be
+narrower than patent retaliation clauses in several other well-known
+licenses, notably the Mozilla Public License version 1.1, with respect
+to termination of patent licenses.</p>
+
+<p>If the suggested interpretation of "the Program" applied to the
+section 10, paragraph 3 clause, the result would be a radical
+departure from our consistent past statements and policies concerning
+patent retaliation, which we clearly did not intend.</p>
+
+<p>Other text in GPL version 3 shows the same policy. The patent
+litigation clause in section 10 was added to Draft 3 of GPLv3 as a
+replacement for part of the previous clause 7(b)(5) (in Draft 2).
+Clause 7(b)(5) permitted the placement of two categories of patent
+termination provisions on GPLv3-licensed works:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>terms that wholly or partially terminate, or allow
+ termination of, permission for use of the material they cover, for a user
+ who files a software patent lawsuit (that is, a lawsuit alleging that
+ some software infringes a patent) not filed in retaliation or defense
+ against the earlier filing of another software patent lawsuit, or in
+ which the allegedly infringing software includes some of the covered
+ material, possibly in combination with other software
+ …</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>Section 7 does not state the GPL's own policy; instead it says how far
+other compatible licenses can go. Thus, that text in section 7 would
+not have established broad patent retaliation; it only would have
+permitted combining GPL-covered code with other licenses that do such
+broad patent retaliation.</p>
+
+<p>Nonetheless, as explained in the Rationale for Draft 3, such broad
+retaliation was criticized because it could apply to software patent
+lawsuits in which the accused software was unrelated to the software
+that was the subject of the license. Seeing that there were no widely
+used licenses with which this would provide compatibility, in draft 3
+we dropped broad patent retaliation from the range of GPL
+compatibility.</p>
+
+<p>We did so by replacing 7(b)(5) with text in section 10, in which we
+kept only what corresponded to the second category. The first
+category therefore reverted to being a GPL-incompatible "further
+restriction" in Draft 3, and likewise in GPL version 3 as actually
+published.
+</p>
+
+<p><a href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">Return to the FAQ</a></p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>
+Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF.
+<br />
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Please see the
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
+translations of this article.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright © 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+</p>
+<address>51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA</address>
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.
+</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p>Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2013/03/25 00:57:49 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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