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www/philosophy government-free-software.el.html...

From: GNUN
Subject: www/philosophy government-free-software.el.html...
Date: Mon, 19 Nov 2012 15:30:40 +0000 
CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     GNUN <gnun>     12/11/19 15:30:40

Modified files:
        philosophy     : government-free-software.el.html 
Added files:
        philosophy/po  : government-free-software.el-diff.html 

Log message:
        Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/government-free-software.el.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=1.9
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/government-free-software.el-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1

Patches:
Index: government-free-software.el.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/government-free-software.el.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- government-free-software.el.html    16 Sep 2012 09:23:24 -0000      1.8
+++ government-free-software.el.html    19 Nov 2012 15:30:36 -0000      1.9
@@ -8,6 +8,13 @@
 ελεύθερο λογισμικό - Έργο GNU - Ίδρυμα 
Ελεύθερου Λογισμικού</title>
 
 <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.el.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/government-free-software.el.po";>
+ http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/government-free-software.el.po</a>' -->
+ <!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" 
value="/philosophy/government-free-software.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" 
value="/philosophy/po/government-free-software.el-diff.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2012-09-20" -->
+ <!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.el.html" -->
 <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/government-free-software.translist" -->
 <h2>Μέτρα που μπορούν να χρησιμοποιήσουν 
οι κυβερνήσεις για να προωθήσουν
 το ελεύθερο λογισμικό</h2>
@@ -224,7 +231,7 @@
 <!-- timestamp start -->
 Ενημερώθηκε:
 
-$Date: 2012/09/16 09:23:24 $
+$Date: 2012/11/19 15:30:36 $
 
 <!-- timestamp end -->
 </p>

Index: po/government-free-software.el-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/government-free-software.el-diff.html
diff -N po/government-free-software.el-diff.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/government-free-software.el-diff.html    19 Nov 2012 15:30:40 -0000      
1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/government-free-software.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+&lt;!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --&gt;
+&lt;!-- Parent-Version: 1.63 --&gt;
+&lt;title&gt;Measures Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation&lt;/title&gt;
+&lt;!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" --&gt;
+ &lt;!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/government-free-software.translist" 
--&gt;
+&lt;h2&gt;Measures Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software&lt;/h2&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;by &lt;a href="http://www.stallman.org/"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Richard
+Stallman&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;This article suggests policies for a strong and firm effort to promote
+free software within the state, and to lead the rest of the country
+towards software freedom.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The mission of the state is to organize society for the freedom and
+well-being of the people.  One aspect of this mission, in the
+computing field, is to encourage users to adopt free software.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The state needs to insist on free software in its own computing for
+the sake of its computational sovereignty (the state's control over
+its own computing).  All users deserve control over their computing,
+but the state has a responsibility to the people to maintain control
+over the computing it does on their behalf.  Most government
+activities now depend on computing, and its control over those
+activities depends on its control over that computing.  Losing this
+control in an agency whose mission is critical undermines national
+security.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Moving state agencies to free software can also provide secondary
+benefits, such as saving money and encouraging local software support
+businesses.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;In this text, &ldquo;state entities&rdquo; refers to all levels of 
government, and
+means public agencies including schools, public-private partnerships,
+largely state-funded activities such as charter schools, and 
&ldquo;private&rdquo;
+corporations controlled by the state or established with special
+privileges or functions by the state.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The most important policy concerns education, since that shapes
+the future of the country:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;ul&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Educational activities, or at least those of state entities, must
+teach only free software (thus, they should never lead students to use
+a nonfree program), and should teach the civic reasons for insisting
+on free software.  To teach a nonfree program is to teach dependence,
+which is contrary to the mission of the school.&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/ul&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Also crucial are state policies that influence what software
+individuals and organizations use:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;ul&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Laws and public sector practices must be changed so that 
they never
+require or pressure individuals or organizations to use a nonfree
+program.  They should also discourage communication and publication
+practices that imply such consequences (including
+&lt;a href="http://www.defectivebydesign.org/what_is_drm"&gt;Digital
+Restrictions Management&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whenever a state entity distributes software to the public,
+including programs included in or specified by its web pages, it must
+be distributed as free software, and must be capable of running on a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>100%</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>platform containing 
exclusively</em></ins></span> free <span 
class="removed"><del><strong>environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;</strong></del></span>
 <span 
class="inserted"><ins><em>software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;</em></ins></span>
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;State entity web sites and <span 
class="removed"><del><strong>servers</strong></del></span> <span 
class="inserted"><ins><em>network services</em></ins></span> must be designed 
<span class="removed"><del><strong>to function fully
+with 100%</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>so
+that users can use them, without disadvantage, by means of</em></ins></span> 
free <span class="removed"><del><strong>environments on the user's 
computer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>software 
exclusively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;</em></ins></span>
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;State entities must use only file formats and communication
+protocols that are well supported by free software, preferably with
+published specifications.  (We do not state this in terms of
+&ldquo;standards&rdquo; because it should apply to nonstandardized interfaces 
as
+well as standardized ones.)  For example, they must not distribute
+audio or video recordings in formats that require Flash or nonfree
+codecs, and public libraries must not distribute works with Digital
+Restrictions Management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/ul&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Several policies affect the computational sovereignty of the state.
+State entities must maintain control over their computing, not cede
+control to private hands.  These points apply to all computers,
+including smartphones.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;ul&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;State entities must migrate to free software, and must not 
install,
+or continue using, any nonfree software except under a temporary
+exception.  Only one agency should have the authority to grant these
+temporary exceptions, and only when shown compelling reasons.  This
+agency's goal should be to reduce the number of exceptions to 
zero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When a state entity pays for development of a computing 
solution,
+the contract must require it be delivered as free software and be
+capable of running on a 100% free environment.  All contracts must
+require this, so that if the developer does not comply with this
+requirement, the work cannot be paid for.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When a state entity buys or leases computers, it must 
choose among
+the models that come closest, in their class, to being capable of
+running without any proprietary software.  The state should maintain,
+for each class of computers, a list of the models authorized based on
+this criterion.  Models available to both the public and the state
+should be preferred to models available only to the state.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The state should negotiate actively with manufacturers to 
bring
+about the availability in the market (to the state and the public) of
+suitable hardware products, in all pertinent product areas, that
+require no proprietary software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The state should invite other states to negotiate 
collectively with
+manufacturers about suitable hardware products.  Together they will
+have more clout.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/ul&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The computational sovereignty (and security) of the state includes
+control over the computers that do the state's work.  This requires
+avoiding &lt;a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html"&gt;
+Software as a Service&lt;/a&gt;, unless the service is run by a state
+agency under the same branch of government, as well as other practices
+that diminish the state control over its computing.  Therefore,&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;ul&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Every computer that the state uses must belong to or be leased by
+the same branch of government that uses it, and that branch must not
+cede to outsiders the right to decide who has physical access to the
+computer, who can do maintenance (hardware or software) on it, or
+what software should be installed in it.  If the computer is not
+portable, then while in use it must be in a physical space of which
+the state is the occupant (either as owner or as tenant).&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/ul&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;One other policy affects free and nonfree software 
development:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;ul&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The state should encourage developers to create or enhance 
free
+software and who make it available to the public, e.g. by tax breaks
+and other financial incentive.  Contrariwise, no such incentives
+should be granted for development, distribution or use of nonfree
+software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+
+&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In particular, proprietary software developers should not 
be able to
+&ldquo;donate&rdquo; copies to schools and claim a tax write-off for the 
nominal
+value of the software.  Proprietary software is not legitimate in a
+school.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/ul&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;With these measures, the state can recover control over its computing,
+and lead the country's citizens, businesses and organizations towards
+control over their computing.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --&gt;
+&lt;!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --&gt;
+&lt;div id="footer"&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;
+Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to 
+&lt;a href="mailto:address@hidden"&gt;&lt;address@hidden&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.
+There are also &lt;a href="/contact/"&gt;other ways to contact&lt;/a&gt; 
+the FSF.
+&lt;br /&gt;
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
+&lt;a href="mailto:address@hidden"&gt;&lt;address@hidden&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.
+&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;
+Please see the 
+&lt;a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html"&gt;Translations
+README&lt;/a&gt; for information on coordinating and submitting
+translations of this article.
+&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;
+Copyright &copy; 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;This page is licensed under a &lt;a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/"&gt;Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License&lt;/a&gt;.
+&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;
+Updated:
+&lt;!-- timestamp start --&gt;
+$Date: 2012/11/19 15:30:40 $
+&lt;!-- timestamp end --&gt;
+&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/div&gt;
+&lt;/div&gt;
+&lt;/body&gt;
+&lt;/html&gt;
+</pre></body></html>
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