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From: |
GNUN |
Subject: |
www/philosophy po/free-digital-society.el.po po... |
Date: |
Thu, 26 Apr 2012 08:28:22 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 12/04/26 08:28:22
Modified files:
philosophy/po : free-digital-society.el.po
free-digital-society.translist
Added files:
philosophy : free-digital-society.el.html
philosophy/po : free-digital-society.el-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/free-digital-society.el.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
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http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-digital-society.translist?cvsroot=www&r1=1.7&r2=1.8
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Patches:
Index: po/free-digital-society.el.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-digital-society.el.po,v
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diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- po/free-digital-society.el.po 26 Apr 2012 06:37:52 -0000 1.1
+++ po/free-digital-society.el.po 26 Apr 2012 08:27:58 -0000 1.2
@@ -2527,7 +2527,7 @@
msgstr ""
"ΠαÏακαλοÏμε ÏÏείλÏε εÏÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïα ÎÎÎ
& GNU ÏÏο <a href=\"mailto:"
"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν εÏίÏÎ·Ï <a
href=\"/contact/"
-"\">άλλοι ÏÏÏÏοι για να εÏικοινÏνήÏεÏε</a> με
Ïο ÎÎÎ. "
+"\">άλλοι ÏÏÏÏοι για να εÏικοινÏνήÏεÏε</a> με
Ïο ÎÎÎ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -2544,8 +2544,8 @@
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ΠαÏακαλοÏμε δείÏε Ïο <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">ÎεÏαÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï README</a> για ÏληÏοÏοÏίεÏ
ÏÏεÏικά με Ïον ÏÏ
νÏονιÏÎ¼Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην "
-"Ï
Ïοβολή μεÏαÏÏάÏεÏν για Ïο άÏθÏο αÏ
ÏÏ."
+"\">ÎεÏαÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï README</a> για ÏληÏοÏοÏίεÏ
ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο ÏÏ
νÏονιÏÎ¼Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην "
+"Ï
Ïοβολή μεÏαÏÏάÏεÏν αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
άÏθÏοÏ
."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Copyright © 2011 Richard Stallman"
Index: po/free-digital-society.translist
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-digital-society.translist,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/free-digital-society.translist 11 Mar 2012 11:50:03 -0000 1.7
+++ po/free-digital-society.translist 26 Apr 2012 08:27:58 -0000 1.8
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
<ul class="translations-list">
<!-- English -->
<li><a
href="/philosophy/free-digital-society.en.html">English</a> [en]</li>
+<!-- Greek -->
+<li><a
href="/philosophy/free-digital-society.el.html">ελληνικά</a> [el]</li>
<!-- French -->
<li><a
href="/philosophy/free-digital-society.fr.html">français</a> [fr]</li>
<!-- Italian -->
Index: free-digital-society.el.html
===================================================================
RCS file: free-digital-society.el.html
diff -N free-digital-society.el.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ free-digital-society.el.html 26 Apr 2012 08:27:51 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,1283 @@
+
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.el.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.61 -->
+
+<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
+<title>Îία ελεÏθεÏη ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία - Τί
κάνει Ïην ÏηÏιακή ενÏÏμάÏÏÏη καλή ή κακή;
+- ÎÏγο GNU - ÎδÏÏ
μα ÎλεÏθεÏοÏ
ÎογιÏμικοÏ</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.el.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-digital-society.translist" -->
+<h2>Îία ελεÏθεÏη ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία - Τί κάνει
Ïην ÏηÏιακή ενÏÏμάÏÏÏη καλή ή κακή;</h2>
+
+<p class="center"> <em>ÎεÏαγÏαÏή Î¼Î¹Î±Ï Î´Î¹Î¬Î»ÎµÎ¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
Richard M. Stallman<br />
+ÏÏο Sciences Po ÏÏο ΠαÏίÏι, 19 ÎκÏÏβÏίοÏ
2011.</em></p>
+
+<p>(Îνα <a
+href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/stallman-sciencespo-freesociety.webm">βίνÏεο</a>
+αÏ
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î¬Î»ÎµÎ¾Î·Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ διαθÎÏιμο.)</p>
+
+<p><strong>ΠεÏιεÏÏμενα</strong></p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="#intro">ÎιÏαγÏγή</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#surveillance">ÎÏιÏήÏηÏη</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#censorship">ÎογοκÏιÏία</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#formats">ΠεÏιοÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ
δεδομÎνÏν</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#proprietary">ÎογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
δεν είναι
ελεÏθεÏο</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#four-freedoms">Îι ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏίεÏ
ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#gnu">Το ÎÏγο GNU και Ïο κίνημα ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#education">ÎλεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹
εκÏαίδεÏ
Ïη</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#services">ÎιαδικÏÏ
ακÎÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏίεÏ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#voting">Î¥ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ Î³Î¹Î±
ÏηÏοÏοÏίεÏ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#sharing">Î ÏÏÎ»ÎµÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά ÏοÏ
διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#arts">Î¥ÏοÏÏήÏιξη ÏÏν ÏεÏνÏν</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#rights">ÎικαιÏμαÏα ÏÏον κÏ
βεÏνοÏÏÏο</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="intro">ÎιÏαγÏγή</h3>
+
+<p>Τα ÎÏγα ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ ÏÏÏÏο Ïην ÏηÏιακή
ενÏÏμάÏÏÏη κάνοÏ
ν μία μεγάλη
+ÏαÏαδοÏή. Î¥ÏοθÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏι η ÏÏ
μμεÏοÏή Ïε μία
ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία είναι κάÏι καλÏ·
+αÏ
ÏÏ ÏμÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι αÏαÏαιÏήÏÏÏ Î±Î»Î®Î¸ÎµÎ¹Î±.
Το να ανήκει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Ïε μία ÏηÏιακή
+κοινÏνία μÏοÏεί να είναι ÎºÎ±Î»Ï Î® κακÏ,
αναλÏγÏÏ ÎµÎ¬Î½ εκείνη η ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία
+είναι δίκαιη ή άδικη. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν Ïολλοί
ÏÏÏÏοι με ÏοÏ
Ï Î¿ÏοίοÏ
Ï Î· ελεÏ
θεÏία μαÏ
+Ï
ÏίÏÏαÏαι εÏιθÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïην ÏηÏιακή
ÏεÏνολογία. Î ÏηÏιακή ÏεÏνολογία μÏοÏεί
+να κάνει Ïα ÏÏάγμαÏα ÏειÏÏÏεÏα και, ÏνÏÏÏ,
αÏ
ÏÏ Î¸Î± ÏÏ
μβεί, εκÏÏÏ ÎºÎ¹ αν
+αγÏνιÏÏοÏμε για να Ïο εμÏοδίÏοÏ
με.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, αν ÎÏοÏ
με μία άδικη ÏηÏιακή
κοινÏνία, θα ÏÏÎÏει να καÏαÏγήÏοÏ
με
+αÏ
Ïά Ïα ÎÏγα ÏεÏί ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏμάÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹
να ξεκινήÏοÏ
με ÎÏγα για Ïην
+ÏηÏιακή αÏÏÏÏαÏη. Îα ÏÏÎÏει να βγάλοÏ
με
Ïον κÏÏμο αÏÏ Ïην ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία,
+αν δε ÏÎβεÏαι Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία ÏοÏ
ÏΠή θα
ÏÏÎÏει να Ïην αναγκάÏοÏ
με να ÏεβαÏÏεί
+Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία ÏοÏ
Ï.</p>
+
+<h3 id="surveillance">ÎÏιÏήÏηÏη</h3>
+
+<p>ΠοιÎÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ οι αÏειλÎÏ; Î ÏÏÏον, η
εÏιÏήÏηÏη. Îι Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Ïο ÏνειÏο
+ÏοÏ
ΣÏάλιν: αÏοÏελοÏν ιδεÏδη εÏγαλεία για
εÏιÏήÏηÏη, διÏÏι Ï,Ïι κι αν
+κάνοÏ
με με ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ, εκείνοι
μÏοÏοÏν να Ïο καÏαγÏάÏοÏ
ν. ÎÏοÏοÏν να
+καÏαγÏάÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼Îµ μία ÏÎλεια
δεικÏοδοÏημÎνη εÏεÏ
νήÏιμη μοÏÏή Ïε
+μια κενÏÏική βάÏη δεδομÎνÏν, ιδεÏÎ´ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î±
οÏοιονδήÏοÏε ÏÏÏαννο ÏοÏ
θÎλει να
+ÏÏακίÏει Ïην οÏοιαδήÏοÏε ανÏίÏÏαÏη.</p>
+
+<p>ΠεÏιÏήÏηÏη γίνεÏαι μεÏικÎÏ ÏοÏÎÏ Î¼ÎÏÏ
ÏÏν ίδιÏν Î¼Î±Ï ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏν. Îια
+ÏαÏάδειγμα, αν ÎÏεÏε Îναν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏή ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎÏει Ïα Microsoft Windows, αÏ
ÏÏ
+Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα κάνει εÏιÏήÏηÏη. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά μÎÏα ÏÏα Windows Ïα
+οÏοία αÏοÏÏÎλλοÏ
ν δεδομÎνα Ïε κάÏοιον
διακομιÏÏή. ÎεδομÎνα ÏÏεÏικά με Ïη
+ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογιÏÏή. Îνα ÏÎÏοιο
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÏιÏήÏηÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î±ÎºÎ±Î»ÏÏθηκε
ÏÏο
+iPhone ÏÏιν λίγοÏ
Ï Î¼Î®Î½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ¹ ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¬ÏÏιÏε να
Ï' ονομάζει
+“spy-phone”<sup><a href="#TransNote1">[1]</a></sup> Î Flash
+player διαθÎÏει κι αÏ
ÏÏÏ Îνα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏ
εÏιÏήÏηÏηÏ, και Ïο ίδιο κάνει
+και Ïο “Swindle” ÏÎ·Ï Amazon. Το ονομάζοÏ
ν
Kindle, αλλά ÎµÎ³Ï Ïο
+Î¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¬Î¶Ï “Swindle,” <em>ο αÏαÏεÏναÏ</em>,
διÏÏι ÎÏει ÏÏιαÏÏεί για
+να εξαÏαÏά ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏο να ÏάνοÏ
ν Ïην
ελεÏ
θεÏία ÏοÏ
Ï. Îναγκάζει ÏοÏ
Ï
+ανθÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î½Î± ÏαÏ
ÏοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏαν αγοÏάζοÏ
ν Îνα βιβλίο κι αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει ÏÏι η
+Amazon διαθÎÏει μια γιγανÏιαία λίÏÏα με Ïλα
Ïα βιβλία ÏοÏ
ÎÏει διαβάÏει ο
+κάθε ÏÏήÏÏηÏ. Îια ÏÎÏοια λίÏÏα δεν ÏÏÎÏει
να Ï
ÏάÏÏει ÏοÏ
θενά.</p>
+
+<p>Τα ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏα κινηÏά ÏηλÎÏÏνα θα
αναμεÏαδÏÏοÏ
ν Ïη θÎÏη ÏοÏ
Ï, Ï
ÏολογιÏμÎνη
+μÎÏÏ ÏοÏ
GPS, με εξ' αÏοÏÏάÏεÏÏ ÎµÎ½Ïολή. Î
ÏηλεÏÏνική εÏαιÏεία ÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏεÏει μια
+γιγανÏιαία λίÏÏα με Ïα μÎÏη ÏÏοÏ
ÎÏει
βÏεθεί ο ÏÏήÏÏηÏ. ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÎεÏμανÏÏ
+βοÏ
λεÏ
ÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÏμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν Î ÏαÏίνÏν
[διÏÏθÏÏη: ο Malte Spitz ανήκει ÏÏο
+ÏÏοÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÏμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν Î ÏαÏίνÏν, δεν
είναι εκλεγμÎÎ½Î¿Ï Î±Î¾Î¹ÏμαÏοÏÏοÏ]
+ζήÏηÏε αÏÏ Ïην ÏηλεÏÏνική ÏοÏ
εÏαιÏεία να
ÏοÏ
ÏαÏαδÏÏει Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
είÏε
+ÏÏη διάθεÏή ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο ÏοÏ
βÏιÏκÏÏαν. ΧÏειάÏÏηκε να Ï
Ïοβάλλει μήνÏ
Ïη,
+ÏÏειάÏÏηκε να Ïάει ÏÏα δικαÏÏήÏια για να
ÏάÏει αÏ
Ïή Ïην ÏληÏοÏοÏία. Îι ÏÏαν
+Ïην ÏήÏε, ÏαÏÎλαβε ÏαÏάνÏα ÏÎÏÏεÏιÏ
ÏÎ¹Î»Î¹Î¬Î´ÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏικÎÏ ÏοÏοθεÏίεÏ, για μία
+ÏÏονική ÏεÏίοδο Îξι μηνÏν! ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î¬ ημÎÏα! ÎÏ
ÏÏ
+Ïημαίνει ÏÏι θα μÏοÏοÏÏε κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î½Î±
ÏÏημαÏίÏει μία ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î® εικÏνα για ÏιÏ
+δÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
, αÏλÏÏ ÎºÎ¿Î¹ÏÏνÏÎ±Ï Î±Ï
Ïά
Ïα δεδομÎνα.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏοÏοÏμε να ÏÏαμαÏήÏοÏ
με ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ Î¼Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïο να Î¼Î±Ï ÏαÏακολοÏ
θοÏν,
+εάν <em>εμείÏ</em> αÏοκÏήÏοÏ
με Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν. Îλλά
+Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν αÏ
Ïοί οι
άνθÏÏÏοι, δε μÏοÏοÏν να Ïο ελÎγξοÏ
ν. Îίναι
+μη-ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ¹ αÏ
ÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ο
λÏÎ³Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
διαθÎÏει κακÏβοÏ
λα
+ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά, ÏÏÏÏ Î· εÏιÏήÏηÏη. Î
εÏιÏήÏηÏη, ÏάνÏÏÏ, δε γίνεÏαι ÏάνÏοÏε
+μÎÏÏ ÏÏν δικÏν Î¼Î±Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏνΠγίνεÏαι
εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εξ αÏοÏÏάÏεÏÏ. Îια
+ÏαÏάδειγμα, οι ÏάÏοÏοι Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
<sup><a
+href="#TransNote1">[2]</a></sup> ÏÏην ÎÏ
ÏÏÏη αÏαιÏείÏαι
να διαÏηÏοÏν Ïα
+δεδομÎνα για ÏÎ¹Ï ÎιαδικÏÏ
ακÎÏ
εÏικοινÏÎ½Î¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏήÏÏη εÏί Îνα ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»Î¿
+διάÏÏημα, για Ïην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏ
Ïο ÎÏάÏοÏ
αÏοÏαÏίÏει να διεÏεÏ
νήÏει εκείνο
+Ïο άÏομο αÏγÏÏεÏα, για οÏοιονδήÏοÏε λÏγο
μÏοÏεί να ÏανÏαÏÏεί κανείÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Î' Îνα κινηÏÏ ÏηλÎÏÏνο… ακÏμη κι αν
είÏÏε Ïε θÎÏη να Ïο εμÏοδίÏεÏε να
+μεÏαδίδει Ïην γεÏγÏαÏική ÏÎ±Ï Î¸ÎÏη μÎÏÏ GPS,
Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα μÏοÏεί να ενÏοÏίÏει
+Ïη γεÏγÏαÏική θÎÏη ÏοÏ
ÏηλεÏÏνοÏ
καÏά
ÏÏοÏÎγγιÏη, μÎÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏγκÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏηÏ
+ÏÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏÎ¹Î³Î¼Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά Ïην οÏοία καÏαÏθάνοÏ
ν Ïα ÏηλεÏÏνικά ÏήμαÏα ÏÏοÏ
Ï
+διάÏοÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏγοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î±Î¼ÎµÏάδοÏηÏ. ÎÏÏι,
λοιÏÏν, Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα κινηÏÎ®Ï ÏηλεÏÏνίαÏ
+μÏοÏεί να κάνει εÏιÏήÏηÏη ακÏμη και ÏÏÏίÏ
ιδιαίÏεÏη ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏία εκ μÎÏοÏ
Ï ÏηÏ
+Î¯Î´Î¹Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏηλεÏÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
ήÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ΠαÏομοίÏÏ ÏÏ
μβαίνει και με Ïα ÏοδήλαÏα
ÏοÏ
νοικιάζει ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏο ΠαÏίÏι. Το
+ÏÏÏÏημα γνÏÏίζει, αÏÏαλÏÏ, αÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏαίÏνεÏε Ïο ÏοδήλαÏο και γνÏÏίζει και ÏοÏ
+εÏιÏÏÏÎÏεÏε Ïο ÏοδήλαÏο, κι άκοÏ
Ïα εÏίÏηÏ
αναÏοÏÎÏ ÏÏι ÏαÏακολοÏ
θεί και Ïην
+ÏοÏεία ÏÏν ÏοδηλάÏÏν καÏά ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏεÏ
μεÏακινήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
Ï. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, δεν είναι
+κάÏι ÏοÏ
να μÏοÏοÏμε ÏÏαγμαÏικά να Ïο
εμÏιÏÏεÏ
θοÏμε.</p>
+
+<p>Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν ÏμÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏοÏ
δεν ÎÏοÏ
ν καμία ÏÏÎÏη με ÎµÎ¼Î¬Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
+Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν μÏνο για να Î¼Î±Ï ÏαÏακολοÏ
θοÏν.
ΣÏο ÎνÏμÎνο ÎαÏίλειο, για
+ÏαÏάδειγμα, ÏαÏακολοÏ
θείÏαι Ïλη η κÏ
κλοÏοÏιακή κίνηÏη. ÎÎ»ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹ μεÏακινήÏειÏ
+ενÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏοκινήÏοÏ
καÏαγÏάÏονÏαι Ïε
ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο και Ïο ÎÏάÏÎ¿Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να
+Ïο ενÏοÏίÏει Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο. ÎÏ
ÏÏ
εÏιÏÏ
γÏάνεÏαι με κάμεÏÎµÏ ÏÏο Ïλάι ÏοÏ
+δÏÏμοÏ
.</p>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, ο μÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Îµ Ïον οÏοίο
μÏοÏοÏμε να εμÏοδίÏοÏ
με Ïην εÏιÏήÏηÏη ÏοÏ
+γίνεÏαι εξ αÏοÏÏάÏεÏÏ, ή αÏÏ ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα
άÏÏεÏα μ' εμάÏ, είναι μÎÏÏ ÏολιÏικήÏ
+δÏάÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½Î±Î½Ïίον ÏÎ·Ï Î±Ï
ξημÎÎ½Î·Ï ÎºÏ
βεÏνηÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´ÏÎ½Î±Î¼Î·Ï Î½Î± ενÏοÏίζει και να
+ÏαÏακολοÏ
θεί Ïον καθÎνα, ÏοÏ
Ïημαίνει,
αÏÏαλÏÏ, ÏÏι ÏÏÎÏει ν' αÏοÏÏίÏοÏ
με
+οÏοιεÏδήÏοÏε Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±Î¹Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ¹ αν Î¼Î±Ï ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏοÏ
ν. Kαμία δικαιολογία δεν
+είναι ÎγκÏ
Ïη για να ÏÏιάÏνοÏ
ν ÏÎÏοια ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα—ÏοÏ
να μÏοÏοÏν να
+ÏαÏακολοÏ
θοÏν Ïον καθÎνα.</p>
+
+<p>Σε μια ελεÏθεÏη κοινÏνία, ÏÏαν βγαίνεÏε
Ïε δημÏÏιο ÏÏÏο, δεν μÏοÏεί να ÏαÏ
+ÏαÏαÏÏεθοÏν εγγÏ
ήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏεÏί ανÏνÏ
μίαÏ.
ÎÏοÏεί να ÏÎ±Ï Î±Î½Î±Î³Î½ÏÏίÏει κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹
+να ÏÎ±Ï Î¸Ï
μάÏαι. Îι αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο άÏομο μÏοÏεί,
αÏγÏÏεÏα, να Ïει ÏÏι ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î´Îµ να
+βÏίÏκεÏÏε ÏÏο Ïάδε μÎÏοÏ. ÎÏ
ÏÎÏ Î¿Î¹
ÏληÏοÏοÏίεÏ, ÏμÏÏ, είναι διάÏÏ
ÏεÏ. Îεν
+ÏÏ
ναÏμÏζονÏαι με Î²Î¿Î»Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏο, ÏÏÏε να
ενÏοÏίζονÏαι οι ÏάνÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ να μÏοÏεί
+να διεÏεÏ
νηθεί Ïι Îκαναν. ΧÏειάζεÏαι Ïολλή
δοÏ
λειά για να ÏÏ
γκενÏÏÏθοÏν
+αÏ
ÏÎÏ Î¿Î¹ ÏληÏοÏοÏίεÏ, κι ÎÏÏι αÏ
ÏÏ Î³Î¯Î½ÎµÏαι
μÏνο Ïε ειδικÎÏ ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏειÏ, ÏÏαν
+είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏο.</p>
+
+<p>Î ÏηÏιακή εÏιÏήÏηÏη, ÏμÏÏ, καθιÏÏά εÏικÏή
Ïην κενÏÏική ÏÏ
γκÎνÏÏÏÏη και
+δεικÏοδÏÏηÏη ÏλÏν αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν,
οÏÏÏÏ ÏÏÏε Îνα άδικο καθεÏÏÏÏ Î½Î±
+μÏοÏεί να ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Ïει ÏÎ»ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ να βÏει Ïα
ÏάνÏα για Ïον καθÎνα. Îν ÎναÏ
+δικÏάÏοÏÎ±Ï ÎÏθει ÏÏην εξοÏ
Ïία, ÏÏάγμα ÏοÏ
θα μÏοÏοÏÏε να ÏÏ
μβεί οÏοÏ
δήÏοÏε,
+ÏÏÏε ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Ïο ÏÏ
νειδηÏοÏοιεί αÏ
ÏÏ ÎºÎ¹
αναγνÏÏίζει ÏÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ θα ÏÏÎÏει να
+εÏικοινÏνοÏν με άλλοÏ
Ï Î±Î½ÏιÏÏονοÏνÏÎµÏ Î¼Îµ
ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
Ïο ÎÏάÏÎ¿Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏε
+να ανακαλÏÏει. Îν ÏμÏÏ Î¿ δικÏάÏοÏαÏ
διαθÎÏει αÏοθηκεÏ
μÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±ÏαγÏαÏÎÏ
+αÏκεÏÏν εÏÏν ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο Ïο ÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î¼Î¹Î»Î¬ με
Ïοιον, ÏÏÏε θα είναι ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î±Ïγά
+για να ÏαÏθοÏν οÏοιεÏδήÏοÏε ÏÏοÏÏ
λάξειÏ,
διÏÏι ÎÏει ήδη Ïλα ÏÏα ÏÏειάζεÏαι
+για να καÏαλάβει ÏÏι: “ÎνÏάξει, αÏ
ÏÏÏ Î¿
ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î±Î½ÏιÏÏονÏν
+και μίληÏε μ' εκείνον. ÎÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ κι
ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿Ï Î±Î½ÏιÏÏονÏν, εÏίÏηÏ. ÎÏÏÏ Î¸Î±
+ÏÏÎÏει να Ïον ÏÏ
λλάβοÏ
με και να Ïον
βαÏανίÏοÏ
με.”</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏα, ÏÏÎÏει να οÏγανÏÏοÏ
με εκÏÏÏαÏείεÏ
ενημÎÏÏÏÎ·Ï Î³Î¹Î± να θÎÏοÏ
με Îνα ÏÎλοÏ
+ÏÏην ÏηÏιακή εÏιÏήÏηÏη <em>ÏÏÏα</em>. Îεν
μÏοÏείÏε να ÏεÏιμÎνεÏε μÎÏÏι να
+ÏÏοκÏÏει ÏÏÏÏα ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏάÏοÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ να ÎÏει
ÏÏÏε ÏÏαγμαÏικά ÏημαÏία. Îξ'
+άλλοÏ
, δε ÏÏειάζεÏαι μία αναμÏιÏβήÏηÏη
δικÏαÏοÏία για ν' αÏÏίÏει η εÏίθεÏη
+ÏÏα ανθÏÏÏινα δικαιÏμαÏα.</p>
+
+<p>Îεν θα μÏοÏοÏÏα να ονομάÏÏ Î±ÎºÏιβÏÏ Ïην κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη ÏοÏ
ÎνÏμÎνοÏ
ÎαÏιλείοÏ
+δικÏαÏοÏία. Îεν είναι ÏμÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏολÏ
δημοκÏαÏική κι ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Îµ Ïον οÏοίο
+ÏÏ
νÏÏίβει Ïη δημοκÏαÏία, είναι η ÏÏήÏη
εÏιÏήÏηÏηÏ. Î Ïιν λίγα ÏÏÏνια, κάÏοιοι
+άνθÏÏÏοι νÏμιζαν ÏÏÏ Ïήγαιναν Ïε μία
διαμαÏÏÏ
ÏίαΠεÏÏÏκειÏο να
+διαδηλÏÏοÏ
ν. ΣÏ
νελήÏθηÏαν ÏÏιν καν ÏÏάÏοÏ
ν εκεί, διÏÏι Ïο αÏ
ÏοκίνηÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï
+ενÏοÏίÏθηκε αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ Ïο ÏανÏαÏÎ¿Ï ÏαÏÏν
ÏÏÏÏημα ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î±Ï
ÏοκινήÏÏν.</p>
+
+<h3 id="censorship">ÎογοκÏιÏία</h3>
+
+<p>ΠδεÏÏεÏη αÏειλή είναι η λογοκÏιÏία. Î
λογοκÏιÏία δεν είναι κάÏι Ïο
+καινοÏÏγιο, Ï
ÏήÏÏε ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏÏιν ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ. Î Ïιν, ÏμÏÏ Î±ÏÏ 15 ÏÏÏνια
+ÏκεÏÏÏμαÏÏαν ÏÏι Ïο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο θα μαÏ
ÏÏοÏÏάÏεÏ
ε αÏÏ Ïη λογοκÏιÏία, ÏÏι θα
+νικοÏÏε Ïη λογοκÏιÏία. ΤÏÏε, η Îίνα και
κάÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ Î±ÎºÏμη ÏÏοÏÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÏ
ÏαννίεÏ,
+καÏÎβαλαν Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏÏÎ¬Î¸ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± να
εÏιβάλλοÏ
ν λογοκÏιÏία ÏÏο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο
+και, ÏÏÏε, ÎµÎ¼ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïαμε: “ενÏάξει, δεν
είναι και καμιά ÎκÏληξη, Ïι
+άλλο θα Îκαναν κÏ
βεÏνήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Ïαν κι' αÏ
Ïή;”</p>
+
+<p>ΣήμεÏα, ÏμÏÏ, βλÎÏοÏ
με Ïην εÏιβολή
λογοκÏιÏÎ¯Î±Ï Ïε ÏÏÏÎµÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¿ÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î´Îµ
+ÏκεÏÏÏμαÏÏε ÏÏ
νήθÏÏ Ïαν δικÏαÏοÏίεÏ, ÏÏÏÏ
για ÏαÏάδειγμα Ïο ÎνÏμÎνο
+ÎαÏίλειο, η Îαλλία, η ÎÏÏανία, η ÎÏαλία, η
Îανία…</p>
+
+<p>ÎÎ»ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏαÏεμÏÏδιÏηÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏÏβαÏÎ·Ï Ïε κάÏοιεÏ
+ιÏÏοÏελίδεÏ. Î Îανία καθιÎÏÏÏε Îνα ÏÏÏÏημα
ÏοÏ
εμÏοδίζει Ïην ÏÏÏÏβαÏη Ïε
+Îναν μακÏÏ ÎºÎ±Ïάλογο ιÏÏοÏελίδÏν, ο οÏοίοÏ
ήÏαν μÏ
ÏÏικÏÏ. Îεν εÏιÏÏεÏÏÏαν
+ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏολίÏÎµÏ Î½Î± γνÏÏίζοÏ
ν ÏÏÏ Î· κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη
ÏοÏ
Ï Î»Î¿Î³ÏκÏινε, αλλά ο καÏάλογοÏ
+διÎÏÏεÏ
Ïε και δημοÏιεÏÏηκε ÏÏο WikiLeaks. Σ'
εκείνο Ïο Ïημείο, η Îανία
+ÏÏÏÏθεÏε και Ïην ιÏÏοÏελίδα ÏοÏ
WikiLeaks ÏÏον
καÏάλογο με ÏιÏ
+λογοκÏινÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î¹ÏÏοÏελίδεÏ. ÎαÏ' αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον
ÏÏÏÏο, ÏÎ»Î¿Ï Î¿ Ï
ÏÏλοιÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏÏμοÏ
+μÏοÏεί να μάθει για Ïο ÏÏÏ Î»Î¿Î³Î¿ÎºÏίνονÏαι
οι Îανοί, αλλά οι ίδιοι οι Îανοί
+δεν εÏιÏÏÎÏεÏαι να Ïο ξÎÏοÏ
ν.</p>
+
+<p>Î Ïιν λίγοÏ
Ï Î¼Î®Î½ÎµÏ, η ΤοÏ
Ïκία, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζει ÏÏÏ ÏÎβεÏαι μεÏικά ανθÏÏÏινα
+δικαιÏμαÏα, ανακοίνÏÏε ÏÏι ο κάθε ÏÏήÏÏηÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
θα ÎÏει να εÏιλÎξει
+ανάμεÏα ÏÏη λογοκÏιÏία και ÏÏην ÏαÏαÏάνÏ
λογοκÏιÏία. ÎÏοÏοÏν να διαλÎξοÏ
ν
+αÏÏ ÏÎÏÏεÏα διαÏοÏεÏικά εÏίÏεδα
λογοκÏιÏίαÏ! ÎÏνο ÏοÏ
η ελεÏ
θεÏία δεν
+ÏεÏιλαμβάνεÏαι Ïε καμία αÏÏ ÏιÏ
εÏιλογÎÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Î ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαλία θÎληÏε να εÏαÏμÏÏει Îνα
ÏιλÏÏάÏιÏμα ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
, αλλά Ïελικά
+αÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¼ÏοδίÏÏηκε. ΩÏÏÏÏο η ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαλία ÎÏει
Îνα διαÏοÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î¿ÎºÏιÏίαÏ:
+ÎÏει λογοκÏιÏία ÏÏν ÏÏ
νδÎÏμÏν. Îηλαδή, αν
ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î¹ÏÏÏÏοÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏην ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαλία ÎÏει
+Îνα ÏÏνδεÏμο Ïε κάÏοια λογοκÏιμÎνη
ιÏÏοÏελίδα εκÏÏÏ ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαλίαÏ, ÏÏÏε αÏ
ÏÏÏ
+ÏοÏ
βÏίÏκεÏαι ÏÏην ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαλία μÏοÏεί να
ÏιμÏÏηθεί. ΠοÏγάνÏÏη Electronic
+Frontier Australia, ÏοÏ
είναι μία οÏγάνÏÏη Ï
ÏεÏάÏÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ανθÏÏÏίνÏν
+δικαιÏμάÏÏν ÏÏον ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαλίαÏ, δημοÏίεÏ
Ïε Îνα ÏÏνδεÏμο ÏÏοÏ
+Îναν ξÎνο ÏολιÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î¹ÏÏÏÏοÏο. ÎιαÏάÏθηκε να
διαγÏάÏει Ïο ÏÏνδεÏμο ή ν'
+ανÏιμεÏÏÏίÏει μία Ïοινή $11.000 ανά ημÎÏα.
ÎÏÏι διÎγÏαÏαν Ïο ÏÏνδεÏμο, Ïι
+άλλο θα μÏοÏοÏÏαν να κάνοÏ
ν; ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Îνα
ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏκληÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα λογοκÏιÏίαÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏην ÎÏÏανία, η λογοκÏιÏία ÏοÏ
Ï
ιοθεÏήθηκε νÏÏίÏεÏα αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÎÏοÏ, εÏιÏÏÎÏει
+Ïε κÏαÏικοÏÏ Î±Î¾Î¹ÏμαÏοÏÏοÏ
Ï Î½Î± κλείνοÏ
ν αÏ
θαιÏÎÏÏÏ Îναν ιÏÏÏÏοÏο ÏÏην
+ÎÏÏανία, ή να εÏιβάλλοÏ
ν ÏιλÏÏάÏιÏμα για
να εμÏοδίζοÏ
ν Ïην ÏÏÏÏβαÏη ÏÏοÏ
+Îναν ιÏÏÏÏοÏο εκÏÏÏ ÎÏÏανίαÏ. ÎÏοÏοÏν,
μάλιÏÏα, να Ïο κάνοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÏ ÏÏÏίÏ
+κανενÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï
Ï Î´Î¯ÎºÎ·. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î±ÏεÏÎλεÏε και
Îνα αÏÏ Ïα κίνηÏÏα ÏÏν
+<cite>Indignados</cite>, ÏοÏ
διαδήλÏναν ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÏÏμοÏ
Ï.</p>
+
+<p>Î¥ÏήÏξαν, εÏίÏηÏ, διαμαÏÏÏ
ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοÏ
Ï
δÏÏμοÏ
Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¤Î¿Ï
ÏκίαÏ, μεÏά αÏÏ
+εκείνη Ïην ανακοίνÏÏη, αλλά η κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη
αÏνήθηκε ν' αλλάξει Ïην ÏολιÏική
+ÏηÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Î ÏÎÏει να αναγνÏÏίÏοÏ
με ÏÏι μία ÏÏÏα ÏοÏ
εÏιβάλλει λογοκÏιÏία ÏÏο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο,
+δεν είναι μία ελεÏθεÏη ÏÏÏα. ÎÏÏε και
ÏÏÏκειÏαι για μία νÏμιμη κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη.</p>
+
+<h3 id="formats">ΠεÏιοÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ
δεδομÎνÏν</h3>
+
+<p>ΠεÏÏμενη αÏειλή καÏά ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î¼Î±Ï
ÏÏοÎÏÏεÏαι αÏÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν ÏοÏ
+ÏεÏιοÏίζοÏ
ν ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏοÏÎÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ ÏÏ
μβαίνει εÏειδή η
μοÏÏή είναι μÏ
ÏÏική. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν Ïολλά
+ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα εÏαÏμογÏν ÏοÏ
αÏοθηκεÏοÏ
ν Ïα
δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
ÏÏήÏÏη Ïε μία μÏ
ÏÏική
+μοÏÏή αÏÏείοÏ
, ÏοÏ
ÎÏει ÏκοÏÏ Î½Î± εμÏοδίÏει
Ïον ÏÏήÏÏη να ÏάÏει αÏ
Ïά Ïα
+δεδομÎνα και να Ïα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏει με
κάÏοιο άλλο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα. Î ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
+να εμÏοδιÏÏεί η διαλειÏοÏ
ÏγικÏÏηÏα.</p>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, ÏÏοÏανÏÏ, αν Îνα ÏÏÏγÏαμμα
εÏαÏμÏζει μια μÏ
ÏÏική μοÏÏή αÏÏείÏν, αÏ
ÏÏ
+ÏÏ
μβαίνει διÏÏι Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα δεν είναι
ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ. ÎÏ
ÏÏ, λοιÏÏν,
+αÏοÏελεί Îνα ακÏμη ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±ÎºÏβοÏ
λοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικοÏ. ΠεÏιÏήÏηÏη είναι Îνα
+ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±ÎºÏβοÏ
λοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
μÏοÏείÏε να βÏείÏε Ïε μεÏικά
+μη-ελεÏθεÏα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏαΠη ÏÏήÏη μÏ
ÏÏικÏν
μοÏÏÏν αÏÏείÏν για να
+ÏεÏιοÏίζονÏαι οι ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Îνα άλλο
ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±ÎºÏβοÏ
λοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικοÏ
+ÏοÏ
, εÏίÏηÏ, μÏοÏείÏε να βÏείÏε Ïε μεÏικά
μη-ελεÏθεÏα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα.</p>
+
+<p>Îν, ÏμÏÏ, ÎÏεÏε Îνα ελεÏθεÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏοÏ
ÏειÏίζεÏαι μια ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη μοÏÏή
+αÏÏείÏν, <em>αÏ
ÏομάÏÏÏ</em> η μοÏÏή αÏ
Ïή δεν
είναι μÏ
ÏÏική. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Ïο είδοÏ
+κακÏβοÏ
λοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να Ï
ÏάÏÏει μÏνο Ï' Îνα μη-ελεÏθεÏο
+ÏÏÏγÏαμμα. ÎεÏÏηÏικά, θα μÏοÏοÏÏαν να Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά εÏιÏήÏηÏηÏ
+ακÏμη και Ï' Îνα ελεÏθεÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, αλλά
ÏÏην ÏÏάξη κάÏι ÏÎÏοιο δεν Ïο
+βλÎÏεÏε να ÏÏ
μβαίνει. ÎιÏÏι οι ίδιοι οι
ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ Î¸Î± Ïο διÏÏθÏναν. ΣÏοÏ
Ï
+ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ θα άÏεÏε αÏ
ÏÏ, και για Ïο λÏγο
αÏ
ÏÏ Î¸Î± Ïο διÏÏθÏναν.</p>
+
+<p>Σε κάθε ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη, βÏίÏκοÏ
με εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î¼Ï
ÏÏικÎÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν Ïε ÏÏήÏη για
+Ïη δημοÏίεÏ
Ïη ÎÏγÏν. ÎÏοÏείÏε να βÏείÏε μÏ
ÏÏικÎÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν Ïε ÏÏήÏη
+για ÎÏγα ήÏοÏ
, ÏÏÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± μοÏ
Ïική, για βίνÏεο,
για βιβλία… Îι αÏ
ÏÎÏ Î¿Î¹
+μÏ
ÏÏικÎÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ γνÏÏÏÎÏ ÏÏ
ÎιαÏείÏιÏη ΨηÏιακÏν ΠεÏιοÏιÏμÏν<sup><a
+href="#TransNote3">[3]</a></sup>, ή DRM, ή ÏÏ ÏηÏιακÎÏ
ÏειÏοÏÎÎ´ÎµÏ <em>(les
+menottes numériques)</em><sup><a href="#TransNote3">[4]</a></sup>.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏÏι, Ïα ÎÏγα δημοÏιεÏονÏαι Ïε μÏ
ÏÏικÎÏ
μοÏÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν, για να μÏοÏοÏν να
+Ïα ÏαίξοÏ
ν μÏνο Ïα ιδιÏκÏηÏα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα,
ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε αÏ
Ïά Ïα ιδιÏκÏηÏα
+ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα να μÏοÏοÏν να ÎÏοÏ
ν Ïο κακÏβοÏ
λο ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιοÏιÏμοÏ
+ÏÏν ÏÏηÏÏÏν, εμÏοδίζονÏÎ¬Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î½Î± κάνοÏ
ν
κάÏι ÏοÏ
θα ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÏÏÏÏανε ÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î½Î±
+κάνοÏ
ν.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
ÏÏ, μάλιÏÏα, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι ακÏμη κι
αÏÏ ÎημÏÏιοÏ
Ï ÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î³Î¹Î± να
+εÏικοινÏνοÏν με Ïον κÏÏμο. Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα,
η ÎÏαλική δημÏÏια ÏηλεÏÏαÏη
+καθιÏÏά Ïα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏά ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎÏιμα ÏÏο
ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο Ï
ÏÏ Î¼Î¯Î± μοÏÏή ÏοÏ
λÎγεÏαι
+VC-1, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏοÏίθεÏαι ÏÏι είναι Îνα ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïο,
αλλά είναι Îνα μÏ
ÏÏικÏ
+ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïο. ΤÏÏα, δεν μÏοÏÏ Î½Î± ÏανÏαÏÎ¸Ï ÏÏÏ,
οÏοιοÏδήÏοÏε δημοÏίÏÏ
+Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏιζÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î¿Ï ÏοÏÎÎ±Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏε να
δικαιολογήÏει Ïη ÏÏήÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï Î¼Ï
ÏÏικήÏ
+μοÏÏÎ®Ï Î³Î¹Î± να εÏικοινÏνεί με Ïο κοινÏ. ÎÏ
ÏÏ
θα ÎÏÏεÏε να θεÏÏείÏαι
+ÏαÏάνομο. Î ÏάγμαÏι, Î½Î¿Î¼Î¯Î¶Ï ÏÏι κάθε ÏÏήÏη
ÏÎ·Ï ÎιαÏείÏιÏÎ·Ï Î¨Î·ÏιακÏν
+ΠεÏιοÏιÏμÏν θα ÎÏÏεÏε να κηÏÏ
ÏÏεί
ÏαÏάνομη. Îεν θα ÏÏÎÏει να εÏιÏÏÎÏεÏαι Ïε
+καμία εÏαιÏεία να Ïο κάνει αÏ
ÏÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μοÏÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
δεν είναι
μÏ
ÏÏικÎÏ Î±Î»Î»Î¬ ÏοÏ
θα μÏοÏοÏÏαν
+κάλλιÏÏα να θεÏÏηθοÏν ÏÏ Î¼Ï
ÏÏικÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ
για ÏαÏάδειγμα Ïο Flash. ΠμοÏÏή
+Flash δεν είναι ÏÏαγμαÏικά μÏ
ÏÏική, αλλά η Adobe
ÏÏ
νεÏίζει να ÏÏιάÏνει νÎεÏ
+εκδÏÏειÏ, ÏοÏ
είναι διαÏοÏεÏικÎÏ, με ÏÏ
θμÏ
γÏηγοÏÏÏεÏο αÏÏ ÏÏο μÏοÏεί
+οÏοιοÏδήÏοÏε Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï Î½Î± διαÏηÏήÏει και να
ÏÏιάξει ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
να
+μÏοÏεί να Ïαίξει αÏ
Ïά Ïα αÏÏείαΠÎÏÏι ÎÏει
ÏÏεδÏν Ïο ίδιο αÏοÏÎλεÏμα με Ïο
+να ήÏαν μÏ
ÏÏική.</p>
+
+<p>Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν, ÎÏειÏα, οι μοÏÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
καλÏÏÏονÏαι αÏÏ ÏαÏÎνÏεÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î· μοÏÏή MP3
+για Ïον ήÏο. Îίναι ÎºÎ±ÎºÏ Î½Î± διανÎμονÏαι
αÏÏεία ήÏοÏ
Ïε μοÏÏή αÏÏείÏν
+MP3. Î¥ÏάÏÏει ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
μÏοÏεί
να ÏειÏιÏθεί Ïη μοÏÏή MP3, να Ïην
+Ïαίξει και να Ïη δημιοÏ
ÏγήÏει, αλλά εÏειδή
είναι ÏαÏενÏαÏιÏμÎνη Ïε ÏολλÎÏ
+ÏÏÏεÏ, Ïολλοί Î´Î¹Î±Î½Î¿Î¼ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏολμοÏν να ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλάβοÏ
ν
+αÏ
Ïά Ïα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα. ÎÏÏι, αν διανÎμοÏ
ν Ïο
ÏÏÏÏημα GNU+Linux, Ïο ÏÏÏÏημά
+ÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏεÏιλαμβάνει Îναν player για Ïα MP3. ΩÏ
αÏοÏÎλεÏμα, ÏÏαν κάÏοιοÏ
+διανÎμει μοÏ
Ïική Ïε MP3, αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει ÏÏι
αÏκεί ÏίεÏη ÏÏον κÏÏμο να μη
+ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί Ïο GNU/Linux. Îν είÏÏε ειδικÏÏ,
ÏÏÏε, ÏίγοÏ
Ïα, θα μÏοÏÎÏεÏε να
+βÏείÏε Îνα ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ να Ïο
εγκαÏαÏÏήÏεÏε, αλλά Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν ÏάÏα
+Ïολλοί μη ειδικοί οι οÏοίοι μÏοÏοÏν, μÏνο,
να δοÏ
ν ÏÏι εγκαÏÎÏÏηÏαν μία
+ÎκδοÏη ÏοÏ
GNU/Linux ÏοÏ
δεν διαθÎÏει αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δεν Ïαίζει Ïα
+αÏÏεία MP3, και θεÏÏοÏν ÏÏι είναι ÏÏάλμα ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ. Îεν ανÏιλαμβάνονÏαι
+ÏÏι είναι Îνα ÏÏάλμα ÏοÏ
MP3. Îλλά αÏ
Ïή είναι
η ÏÏαγμαÏικÏÏηÏα.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, αν θÎλεÏε να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξεÏε Ïην
ελεÏ
θεÏία, μη διανÎμεÏε αÏÏεία
+MP3. ÎÏ
ÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ο λÏÎ³Î¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον οÏοίο ÏαÏ
λÎÏ ÏÏι αν καÏαγÏάÏεÏε Ïην ομιλία
+μοÏ
και θÎλεÏε να διανείμεÏε ανÏίγÏαÏα, μη
Ïο κάνεÏε Ïε μία ÏαÏενÏαÏιÏμÎνη
+μοÏÏή αÏÏείÏν Ïαν Ïο MPEG-2, ή Ïο MPEG-4, ή Ïο MP3.
ΧÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏÏε μια
+μοÏÏή Ïιλική ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ,
ÏÏÏÏ Î· μοÏÏή Ogg ή WebM. Îαι
+ÏαÏεμÏιÏÏÏνÏÏÏ, αν ÏÏÏκειÏαι να
διανείμεÏε ανÏίγÏαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαγÏαÏήÏ,
+ÏαÏÎ±ÎºÎ±Î»Ï Î²Î¬Î»Ïε εÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Ïην Îδεια Creative
Commons-No derivatives. ÎÏ
Ïή
+είναι μία δήλÏÏη ÏεÏί ÏÏν ÏÏοÏÏÏικÏν μοÏ
αÏÏÏεÏν. Îν εÏÏÏκειÏο για μία
+ÏαÏάδοÏη ενÏÏ Î¼Î±Î¸Î®Î¼Î±ÏοÏ, εάν ÏÏοοÏιζÏÏαν
για διδακÏικοÏÏ ÏκοÏοÏÏ, ÏÏÏε θα
+ÏÏειλαν να είναι ελεÏθεÏα, αλλά ÏÏαν
ÏÏÏκειÏαι για δηλÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏÏεÏν, ÏÏÏε
+διαÏÎÏει.</p>
+
+<h3 id="proprietary">ÎογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
δεν είναι
ελεÏθεÏο</h3>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
ÏÏ, ÏÏÏα, με οδηγεί ÏÏην εÏÏμενη αÏειλή,
ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎÏÏεÏαι αÏÏ Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ Ïο
+οÏοίο δεν ελÎγÏοÏ
ν οι ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. Îε άλλα
λÏγια: λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
δεν είναι
+ελεÏθεÏο, ÏοÏ
δεν είναι <cite>libre</cite>. Σε αÏ
ÏÏ
Ïο ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνο Ïημείο,
+Ïα Îαλλικά είναι ÏαÏÎÏÏεÏα αÏÏ Ïα Îγγλικά.
Î Îγγλική λÎξη free Ïημαίνει
+<cite>libre</cite> αλλά και <cite>δÏÏεάν</cite>, αλλά
εκείνο ÏοÏ
ÎµÎ½Î½Î¿Ï ÏÏαν
+λÎÏ “ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικϔ είναι
<cite>logiciel libre</cite>. Îεν
+ÎµÎ½Î½Î¿Ï <cite>δÏÏεάν</cite>. Îεν Î¼Î¹Î»Î¬Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην
Ïιμή. Το θÎμα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¹Î¼Î®Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
+Îνα ÏαÏάÏλεÏ
Ïο ζήÏημα, αÏλÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î±
λεÏÏομÎÏεια, διÏÏι δεν ÎÏει ÏημαÏία αÏÏ
+ηθική άÏοÏη. ÎÎÏεÏε, αν ÎÏÏ Îνα ανÏίγÏαÏο
ενÏÏ ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ±Ï Ïο
+ÏοÏ
λήÏÏ ÎνανÏι ενÏÏ Î® εκαÏÏ ÎµÏ
ÏÏ, ÏοιοÏ
νοιάζεÏαι; ÎιαÏί θα ÎÏÏεÏε να
+ÏκεÏθεί ο οÏοιοÏδήÏοÏε ÏÏι αÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ κάÏι
ÎºÎ±Î»Ï Î® κακÏ; ÎÏ Ï
ÏοθÎÏοÏ
με ÏÏι
+ÏÎ±Ï Ïο Îδινα <cite>δÏÏεάν</cite>… και Ïάλι,
ÏοιÏÏ Î½Î¿Î¹Î¬Î¶ÎµÏαι; Îλλά Ïο
+καÏά ÏÏÏο αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏÎβεÏαι Ïην
ελεÏ
θεÏία ÏαÏ, αÏ
ÏÏ ÎÏει ÏημαÏία!</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏÏι, ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Ïο
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÎβεÏαι Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία ÏÏν
+ÏÏηÏÏÏν. Τι Ïημαίνει αÏ
ÏÏ; Σε ÏελεÏ
Ïαία
ανάλÏ
Ïη, Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν μÏνο δÏο
+δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î¼Îµ Ïο λογιÏμικÏ: είÏε οι
ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ»ÎγÏοÏ
ν Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, ή Ïο
+ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ελÎγÏει ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. Îν οι
ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν κάÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ
+ελεÏ
θεÏίεÏ, ÏÏÏε <em>αÏ
Ïοί</em> ελÎγÏοÏ
ν Ïο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα κι αÏ
ÏÎÏ Î¿Î¹ ελεÏ
θεÏίεÏ
+αÏοÏελοÏν Ïο κÏιÏήÏιο για Ïο ελεÏθεÏο
λογιÏμικÏ. Îν, ÏμÏÏ, οι ÏÏήÏÏεÏ
+<em>δεν</em> ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏλήÏÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ
ελεÏ
θεÏίεÏ, ÏÏÏε Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα
+ελÎγÏει ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. ÎάÏοιοÏ, ÏμÏÏ,
ελÎγÏει αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα κι ÎÏÏι, μÎÏÏ
+αÏ
ÏοÏ, αÏοκÏά <em>ιÏÏÏ</em> εÏί ÏÏν ÏÏηÏÏÏν. </p>
+
+<p>ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, Îνα μη-ελεÏθεÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα
αÏοÏελεί Îνα εÏγαλείο ÏοÏ
ÏαÏÎÏει Ïε
+κάÏοιον <em>ιÏÏÏ</em> εÏί ÏολλÏν άλλÏν
ανθÏÏÏÏν κι αÏ
Ïή είναι μία άδικη
+μοÏÏή ιÏÏÏοÏ, ÏοÏ
κανÎÎ½Î±Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ θα ÎÏÏεÏε
ÏοÏΠνα διαθÎÏει. ÎÏ
ÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ο
+λÏÎ³Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ïο μη-ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ
<cite>(ΣÏΗÏαÏÎνθεÏη ÏÏα Îαλλικά:
+Ïο ιδιÏκÏηÏο λογιÏμικÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏεί Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία)</cite>, Ïο ιδιÏκÏηÏο
+λογιÏμικÏ, αÏοÏελεί μια αδικία και δεν θα
ÎÏÏεÏε να Ï
ÏάÏÏειΠδιÏÏι αÏήνει
+ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ Î´Î¯ÏÏÏ ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏία.</p>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, ο ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
ελÎγÏει Ïο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, νοιÏθει ÏÏ
Ïνά Ïον ÏειÏαÏμÏ
+να ειÏαγάγει κακÏβοÏ
λα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά για
Ïην <em>ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ</em>
+εκμεÏάλλεÏ
Ïη και καÏάÏÏηÏη αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν
ÏÏηÏÏÏν. ÎοιÏθει αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον ÏειÏαÏμÏ,
+διÏÏι ξÎÏει ÏÏι μÏοÏεί να μείνει
αÏιμÏÏηÏοÏ: αÏÎ¿Ï Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμά ÏοÏ
ελÎγÏει
+ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ¹ εκείνοι δεν ÎÏοÏ
ν κανÎναν
ÎλεγÏο εÏί ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏοÏ, αν
+ειÏαγάγει Îνα κακÏβοÏ
λο ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏ
μÎÏα ÏοÏ
, οι ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ μÏοÏοÏν να
+Ïο διοÏθÏÏοÏ
ν. Îεν μÏοÏοÏν να αÏομακÏÏνοÏ
ν
Ïο κακÏβοÏ
λο ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Î£Î±Ï Î¼Î¯Î»Î·Ïα ήδη για Ïα δÏο είδη κακÏβοÏ
λÏν
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏν: Ïα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά
+εÏιÏήÏηÏηÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά ÏοÏ
αÏανÏÏνÏαι ÏÏα
Windows, και ÏÏο Iphone και Ïο
+Flash player, και Ïο “Swindle”. Îαι Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν,
εÏίÏηÏ,
+ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά για να ÏεÏιοÏίζοÏ
ν ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÏήÏÏεÏ, ÏοÏ
λειÏοÏ
ÏγοÏν με μÏ
ÏÏικÎÏ
+μοÏÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν, κι εκείνα αÏανÏÏνÏαι ÏÏα
Windows, Ïο Macintosh, Ïο Iphone,
+Ïον Flash player, Ïο Amazon “Swindle”, Ïο Playstation 3
και Ïε
+ÏÎ»Î®Î¸Î¿Ï Î¬Î»Î»Ïν ÏÏογÏαμμάÏÏν.</p>
+
+<p>Το άλλο ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±ÎºÏβοÏ
λοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η κεÏκÏÏοÏÏα<sup><a
+href="#TransNote5">[5]</a></sup>. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει ÏÏι κάÏι
μÎÏα Ï' εκείνο Ïο
+ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏεÏιμÎνει αÏομακÏÏ
ÏμÎνεÏ
ενÏολÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏακοÏει, κι ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹
+ενÏολÎÏ Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να κακομεÏαÏειÏιÏÏοÏν Ïον
ÏÏήÏÏη. ÎνÏÏίζοÏ
με ÏÏι Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
+κεÏκÏÏοÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏα Windows, ÏÏο Iphone, ÏÏο Amazon Swindle.
Το Swindle ÏηÏ
+Amazon ÎÏει μία κεÏκÏÏοÏÏα ÏοÏ
μÏοÏεί εξ
αÏοÏÏάÏεÏÏ Î½Î± διαγÏάÏει
+βιβλία. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Ïο γνÏÏίζοÏ
με αÏÏ Î±Ïλή
ÏαÏαÏήÏηÏη, διÏÏι η Amazon Ïο Îκανε: Ïο
+2009, η Amazon διÎγÏαÏε εξ αÏοÏÏάÏεÏÏ ÏιλιάδεÏ
ανÏίÏÏ
Ïα ενÏÏ Î¹Î´Î¹Î±Î¯ÏεÏοÏ
+βιβλίοÏ
. ÎÏÏÏκειÏο για εγκεκÏιμÎνα ανÏίÏÏ
Ïα, ÏοÏ
ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïε αγοÏάÏει αÏ'
+εÏ
Î¸ÎµÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïην Amazon, και άÏα η Amazon ήξεÏε
ακÏιβÏÏ ÏοÏ
βÏιÏκÏÏαν, ÏοÏ
+είναι και ο λÏÎ³Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
η Amazon γνÏÏιζε ÏοÏ
ακÏιβÏÏ Î½Î± ÏÏείλει ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ½ÏολÎÏ
+για Ïη διαγÏαÏή αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν βιβλίÏν. ÎÎÏεÏε
ÏÎ¿Î¹Ï Î²Î¹Î²Î»Î¯Î¿ διÎγÏαÏε η Amazon; Το
+<em>1984</em>, ÏοÏ
George Orwell. [γÎλια ÏÏο ακÏοαÏήÏιο]
Îίναι Îνα βιβλίο
+ÏοÏ
θα ÎÏÏεÏε να διαβάÏει ο καθÎναÏ, διÏÏι
ÏÏαγμαÏεÏεÏαι Îνα ολοκληÏÏÏικÏ
+κÏάÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
Îκανε ÏÏάγμαÏα ÏÏÏÏ Î· διαγÏαÏή
βιβλίÏν ÏοÏ
δεν ÏοÏ
άÏεÏαν. Î
+καθÎÎ½Î±Ï Î¸Î± ÏÏÎÏει να Ïο διαβάÏει, αλλά ÏÏι
με Ïο Amazon Swindle. [γÎλια ÏÏο
+ακÏοαÏήÏιο]</p>
+
+<p>ΤÎÎ»Î¿Ï ÏάνÏÏν, Ïα κακÏβοÏ
λα
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά είναι ÏαÏÏνÏα ÏÏα ÏλÎον
+διαδεδομÎνα μη-ελεÏθεÏα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα, αλλά
είναι ÏÏάνια ÏÏο ελεÏθεÏο
+λογιÏμικÏ, διÏÏι με Ïο ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ
οι ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν Ïον ÎλεγÏο:
+μÏοÏοÏν να διαβάÏοÏ
ν Ïον Ïηγαίο κÏδικα και
μÏοÏοÏν να Ïον αλλάξοÏ
ν. ÎÏÏι,
+ακÏμη κι αν Ï
ÏήÏÏε Îνα κακÏβοÏ
λο
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏ, κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î¸Î± Ïο ÎÏαιÏνε
+ÏαμÏάÏι, αÏγά ή γÏήγοÏα, και θα Ïο διÏÏθÏνε.
ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î¸Î± Ïει ÏÏι ÏÏοιοÏ
+ÏκÎÏÏεÏαι να ειÏαγάγει Îνα κακÏβοÏ
λο
ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏ, δεν θα Ïο βÏίÏκει και
+ÏÏÏο ελκÏ
ÏÏικÏ, αÏÎ¿Ï Î¾ÎÏει ÏÏι μÏοÏεί να Ïη
γλÏ
ÏÏÏει για λίγο καιÏÏ, αλλά
+ÏÏο ÏÎÎ»Î¿Ï ÎºÎ¬ÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î¸Î± Ïο ενÏοÏίÏει, θα Ïο
διοÏθÏÏει, και Ïλοι θα ÏάÏοÏ
ν Ïην
+εμÏιÏÏοÏÏνη ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïον ÎνοÏο. Îεν είναι
και ÏÏÏο ελκÏ
ÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏαν ξÎÏειÏ
+ÏÏι ÏÏÏκειÏαι να αÏοÏÏÏειÏ. Îι' αÏ
ÏÏν
ακÏιβÏÏ Ïο λÏγο βÏίÏκοÏ
με ÏÏι Ïα
+κακÏβοÏ
λα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά είναι ÏÏάνια ÏÏο
ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
+ÏÏ
Ïνά ÏÏο ιδιÏκÏηÏο λογιÏμικÏ.</p>
+
+<h3 id="four-freedoms">Îι ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ</h3>
+
+<p>Îι βαÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏÎÏÏεÏιÏ:</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>ÎλεÏ
θεÏία 0 είναι η ελεÏ
θεÏία να
εκÏÎµÎ»ÎµÎ¯Ï Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏÏÏÏ ÏοÏ
αÏÎÏει.</li>
+ <li>ÎλεÏ
θεÏία 1 είναι η ελεÏ
θεÏία να
μελεÏÎ¬Ï Ïον Ïηγαίο κÏδικα και να Ïον
+αλλάζειÏ, ÏÏÏε Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα να εκÏελεί ÏιÏ
Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÏοÏ
εÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÏÏ
+θÎÎ»ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎµÏÏ.</li>
+ <li>ÎλεÏ
θεÏία 2 είναι η ελεÏ
θεÏία να
Î²Î¿Î·Î¸Î¬Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï
Ï. ÎÏ
Ïή είναι η ελεÏ
θεÏία
+να ÏÏιάÏÎ½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÎºÏιβή ανÏίγÏαÏα και να Ïα
αναδιανÎÎ¼ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏαν Ïο εÏιθÏ
μείÏ.</li>
+ <li>ÎλεÏ
θεÏία 3 είναι η ελεÏ
θεÏία να ÏÏ
νειÏÏÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏην κοινÏÏηÏά ÏοÏ
. ÎÏ
Ïή είναι
+η ελεÏ
θεÏία να ÏÏιάÏÎ½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Î½ÏίγÏαÏα ÏÏν
ÏÏοÏοÏοιημÎνÏν ÏοÏ
εκδÏÏεÏν, εάν
+ÎÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ¬ÏοιεÏ, και να ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î±Î´Î¹Î±Î½ÎÎ¼ÎµÎ¹Ï Ïε
άλλοÏ
Ï, ÏÏαν Ïο εÏιθÏ
μείÏ.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
ÏÎÏ Î¿Î¹ ελεÏ
θεÏίεÏ, για να είναι
εÏαÏκείÏ, ÏÏÎÏει να μÏοÏοÏν να είναι
+εÏαÏμÏÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ Ïε ÏÎ»ÎµÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏεÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î¶ÏήÏ. Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα, αν λÎει:
+“ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ελεÏθεÏο για ακαδημαÏκή
ÏÏήÏη,” δεν είναι
+ελεÏθεÏο. ÎιÏÏι είναι ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏεÏιοÏιÏμÎνο.
Îεν εÏαÏμÏζεÏαι Ïε ÏλοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
Ï
+ÏÎ¿Î¼ÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¶ÏήÏ. Îιδικά, αν Îνα ÏÏÏγÏαμμα
είναι ελεÏθεÏο, αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει ÏÏι
+μÏοÏεί να ÏÏοÏοÏοιείÏαι και να
αναδιανÎμεÏαι εμÏοÏικά, καθÏÏ Ïο εμÏÏÏιο
+αÏοÏελεί Îνα ÏομÎα ÏÎ·Ï Î¶ÏήÏ, μία
δÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏα ÏÎ·Ï Î¶ÏήÏ. Îι αÏ
Ïή η ελεÏ
θεÏία
+ÏÏÎÏει να μÏοÏεί να εÏαÏμÏζεÏαι Ïε ÏλεÏ
ÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏεÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, ÏÏ
Ïικά, δεν είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏο να
κάνει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Î¿ÏοιοδήÏοÏε αÏ' Ïλα αÏ
Ïά
+Ïα ÏÏάγμαÏα. Το θÎμα είναι ÏÏι είÏÏε
ελεÏθεÏοι να Ïα κάνεÏε, αν Ïο
+εÏιθÏ
μείÏε, ÏÏαν Ïο εÏιθÏ
μείÏε. Îλλά ÏοÏÎ
δεν είÏÏε Ï
ÏοÏÏεÏμÎνοι να Ïα
+κάνεÏε. Îεν αÏαιÏείÏαι να κάνεÏε ÏίÏοÏε αÏ'
Ïλα αÏ
Ïά. Îεν είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏο
+να ÏÏÎÏεÏε Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα. Îεν εÏιβάλλεÏαι
να μελεÏήÏεÏε ή να αλλάξεÏε Ïον
+Ïηγαίο κÏδικα. Îεν είναι Ï
ÏοÏÏεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î½Î±
ÏÏιάξεÏε οÏοιαδήÏοÏε ανÏίγÏαÏα. Îεν
+ÏÏειάζεÏαι να διανείμεÏε ÏιÏ
ÏÏοÏοÏοιημÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÎºÎ´ÏÏειÏ. Το θÎμα είναι
ÏÏι
+θα ÏÏÎÏει να ÎÏεÏε Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία να κάνεÏε
αÏ
Ïά Ïα ÏÏάγμαÏα, <em>αν Ïο
+εÏιθÏ
μείÏε</em>.</p>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, η ελεÏ
θεÏία Ï
Ï' αÏιθμÏν 1, η ελεÏ
θεÏία να μελεÏάÏε και να αλλάζεÏε Ïον
+Ïηγαίο κÏδικα, για να κάνεÏε Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα
να εκÏελεί ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÏαÏ
+εÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÏÏ Î¸ÎλεÏε εÏείÏ, ÏεÏιλαμβάνει
και κάÏι ÏοÏ
μÏοÏεί να μην είναι
+και ÏÏÏο ÏÏοÏανÎÏ Î¼Îµ μία ÏÏÏÏη μαÏιά. Îν Ïο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÎÏÏεÏαι μÎÏα Ï' Îνα
+ÏÏοÏÏν κι ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎ®Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει μία αναβάθμιÏη ÏοÏ
θα
+ÏÏÎÏει, ÏÏÏε ÏÏÎÏει να είÏÏε Ïε θÎÏη να
μÏοÏείÏε να κάνεÏε Ïην δικιά ÏαÏ
+ÎκδοÏη να ÏÏÎÏει μÎÏα Ï' εκείνο Ïο ÏÏοÏÏν.
Îν Ïο ÏÏοÏÏν μÏοÏεί να ÏÏÎÏει
+μÏνο ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎºÎ´ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏή και
αÏνείÏαι να ÏÏÎξει ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ ÏαÏ,
+Ïο εκÏελÎÏιμο Ï' εκείνο Ïο ÏÏοÏÏν δεν είναι
ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ. ÎκÏμη κι αν
+μεÏαγλÏÏÏίÏÏηκε αÏÏ ÎµÎ»ÎµÏθεÏο Ïηγαίο
κÏδικα, δεν είναι ελεÏθεÏο διÏÏι εÏείÏ
+δεν ÎÏεÏε Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία να κάνεÏε αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα να εκÏελÎÏει ÏιÏ
+Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÏÏ ÎµÏιθÏ
μείÏε εÏείÏ. ÎÏα, η ελεÏ
θεÏία Ï
Ï'
+αÏιθμÏν 1 ÏÏÎÏει να είναι ÏÏαγμαÏική, και
ÏÏι μÏνο θεÏÏηÏική. Î ÏÎÏει να
+ÏεÏιλαμβάνει Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία να
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏε Ïη δικιά ÏÎ±Ï ÎκδοÏη, και ÏÏι
+αÏλÏÏ Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία να μÏοÏείÏε να
ÏÏιάξεÏε κάÏοιον Ïηγαίο κÏδικα ÏοÏ
δεν θα
+ÏÏÎÏει.</p>
+
+<h3 id="gnu">Το ÎÏγο GNU και Ïο κίνημα ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ</h3>
+
+<p>ÎεκίνηÏα Ïο κίνημα ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ïο 1983, ÏÏαν ανακοίνÏÏα Ïο
+ÏÏÎδιο ανάÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÎµÎ»ÎµÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ, ÏοÏ
+οÏοίοÏ
Ïο Ïνομα είναι GNU. ΤÏÏα Ïο GNU, Ïο
Ïνομα GNU, είναι Îνα αÏÏείοÎ
+εÏειδή μÎÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏνεÏμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν ÏÎ¬ÎºÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
να διαÏκεδάζεÏε ακÏμη κι ÏÏαν
+κάνεÏε κάÏι <em>ÏολÏ</em> ÏοβαÏÏ. ΤÏÏα, δεν
μÏοÏÏ Î½Î± ÏκεÏÏÏ ÏίÏοÏε Ïο Ïιο
+ÏοβαÏά ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïο να Ï
ÏεÏαÏÏίζεÏαι
Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
ÏÏ, ÏμÏÏ, δεν Ïήμαινε ÏÏι δεν μÏοÏοÏÏα
να δÏÏÏ ÏÏο ÏÏÏÏημά μοÏ
Îνα Ïνομα
+ÏοÏ
να 'ναι αÏÏείο. Το GNU, λοιÏÏν, είναι Îνα
αÏÏείο διÏÏι ÏÏÏκειÏαι για
+Îνα αναδÏÎ¿Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ Î±ÎºÏÏνÏ
μο, και Ïημαίνει ÏÏι
Ïο “GNU δεν είναι
+Unix” (GNU's Not Unix), ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ G.N.U.: GNUâs Not Unix.
ÎÏÏι, Ïο
+γÏάμμα G ÏÏο Ïνομα GNU αναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏο GNU.</p>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, ÏÏην ÏÏαγμαÏικÏÏηÏα, εÏÏÏκειÏο για
μία ÏαÏάδοÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏοÏÎ®Ï ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î·Ï. Î
+ÏαÏάδοÏη αÏ
Ïή Îλεγε: αν Ï
ÏάÏÏει Îνα Ï
ÏιÏÏάμενο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα και ÎγÏαÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ¬Ïι
+ÏαÏÏμοιο με αÏ
ÏÏ, ÏοÏ
να εμÏνÎεÏαι αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ, ÏÏÏε θα μÏοÏοÏÏÎµÏ Î½Î± αÏοδÏÏειÏ
+Ïην Ïιμή ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î±Î³Î½ÏÏιÏÎ·Ï (credit) δίνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμά ÏοÏ
Îνα Ïνομα ÏοÏ
+να αÏοÏελεί Îνα αναδÏÎ¿Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ Î±ÎºÏÏνÏ
μο, Ïο
οÏοίο να διεÏ
κÏινίζει ÏÏι δεν
+εÏÏÏκειÏο για Ïο άλλο. ÎÏÏι, αÏÎδÏÏα
αναγνÏÏιÏη ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο Unix, για ÏιÏ
+ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î¹Î´ÎÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Unix, αλλά με Ïο Ïνομα GNU,
διÏÏι αÏοÏάÏιÏα να ÏÏÎ¹Î¬Î¾Ï Ïο
+GNU Ïαν Îνα Unix-οειδÎÏ ÏÏÏÏημα, με ÏÎ¹Ï Î¯Î´Î¹ÎµÏ
ενÏολÎÏ, ÏÎ¹Ï Î¯Î´Î¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ»Î®ÏειÏ
+ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ, ÏÏÏε να μÏοÏοÏν οι άνθÏÏÏοι ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏÏαν Ïο Unix να
+αλλάξοÏ
ν εÏκολα.</p>
+
+<p>ΠλÏγοÏ, ÏμÏÏ, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏξαμε Ïο GNU, αÏ
ÏÏÏ
ήÏαν ÏÏαγμαÏικά μοναδικÏÏ. Το
+GNU είναι Ïο μÏνο λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα, αÏÏ
ÏÏο γνÏÏίζÏ, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκε ÏοÏÎ
+ÏÏ ÏήμεÏα, με ÏκοÏÏ Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία. ÎÏι με
ÏεÏνικά κίνηÏÏα, ÏÏι με εμÏοÏικά
+κίνηÏÏα. Το GNU γÏάÏÏηκε για Ïη <em>δικιά
ÏαÏ</em> ελεÏ
θεÏία. ÎιÏÏι ÏÏÏίÏ
+Îνα ελεÏθεÏο λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα, είναι
αδÏναÏον να ÎÏει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏία
+και να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί Îναν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏή. Îαι
δεν Ï
ÏήÏÏε κανÎνα ÏÎÏοιο, κι εγÏ
+ήθελα να ÎÏει ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏία, άÏα ήÏαν
δική μοÏ
Ï
ÏÏθεÏη Ïο να γÏάÏÏ Îνα
+Ïαν κι' αÏ
ÏÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎÏÎµÏ Î¼Î±Ï Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν εκαÏομμÏÏια
ÏÏηÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GNU
+και οι ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοι αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏοÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½
<em>γνÏÏίζοÏ
ν</em> ÏÏÏ ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏν Ïο
+λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα GNU, εÏειδή Ï
ÏάÏÏει μία
διαδεδομÎνη ÏÏακÏική ÏοÏ
δεν
+είναι ÏÏαία. ΠκÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î±Ïοκαλεί Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα
“Linux”. Πολλοί Ïο
+λÎνε ÎÏÏι, αλλά άλλοι Ïάλι ÏÏι, κι ελÏίζÏ
εÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± είÏÏε ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ
+αÏ
ÏοÏÏ. ΠαÏακαλÏ, αÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¼ÎµÎ¯Ï Ïο αÏÏίÏαμε αÏ
ÏÏ, αÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¼ÎµÎ¯Ï Î³ÏάÏαμε Ïο
+μεγαλÏÏεÏο Ïμήμα ÏοÏ
κÏδικα, κάνÏε και Ïε
ÎµÎ¼Î¬Ï Î¼Î¹Î± ιÏάξια αναÏοÏά, ÏαÏακαλÏ
+ν' αÏοκαλείÏε Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα GNU+Linux, ή GNU/Linux. Îεν
ζηÏάμε και ÏάÏα Ïολλά!</p>
+
+<p>Î¥ÏάÏÏει, ÏμÏÏ, κι ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï Î»ÏÎ³Î¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± να
Ïο ÏÏάξεÏε αÏ
ÏÏ. Î ÏοÎκÏ
Ïε ÏÏι Ïο
+άÏομο ÏοÏ
ÎγÏαÏε Ïο Linux, ÏοÏ
είναι Îνα ÏÏ
ÏÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏÏ Ïο
+ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμε ÏήμεÏα, δεν ÏÏ
μÏÏνεί με Ïο
κίνημα ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
+λογιÏμικοÏ. ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν, αν κι εÏείÏ
αÏοκαλείÏε Ïλο Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα Linux,
+οδηγείÏε ÏÏ Î±ÏοÏÎλεÏμα ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ ÏοÏ
ιδÎεÏ, και μακÏιά
+αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ Î¼Î±Ï Î¹Î´ÎεÏ. ÎιÏÏι δεν
ÏÏÏκειÏαι να ÏοÏ
Ï Ïει ÏÏι ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î¾Î¯Î¶ÎµÎ¹ η
+ελεÏ
θεÏία. Îα ÏοÏ
Ï Ïει ÏÏι ÏοÏ
αÏÎÏει Ïο
ÏÏακÏικÏ, Ïο αξιÏÏιÏÏο, Ïο ιÏÏÏ
ÏÏ
+λογιÏμικÏ. Îα Ïει ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏι αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ οι ÏημανÏικÎÏ Î±Î¾Î¯ÎµÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îν, ÏμÏÏ, εÏÎµÎ¯Ï ÏοÏ
Ï ÏείÏε ÏÏι Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα
είναι GNU+Linux—Ïο
+λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα GNU μαζί με Ïον ÏÏ
Ïήνα
Linux—ÏÏÏε εκείνοι θα
+μάθοÏ
ν για Î¼Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹, ÏÏÏε, μÏοÏεί
ενδεÏομÎνÏÏ Î½' ακοÏÏοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÏ ÏοÏ
λÎμε:
+αξίζεÏε Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία. Îι αÏÎ¿Ï Î· ελεÏ
θεÏία
θα Ïαθεί αν δεν Ïην
+Ï
ÏεÏαÏÏίζοÏ
με—θα Ï
ÏάÏÏει ÏάνÏα ÎναÏ
ΣαÏκοζί για να Ïην
+αÏαιÏÎÏει—ÏÏÎÏει ÏÏοÏάνÏÏν να διδάξοÏ
με Ïον κÏÏμο να αÏαιÏεί Ïην
+ελεÏ
θεÏία, να είναι ÏÏοεÏοιμαÏμÎνοι να
ÏÏαθοÏν ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ï
ÏεÏάÏÏιÏη ÏηÏ
+ελεÏ
θεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Ïην εÏÏμενη ÏοÏά ÏοÏ
κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î¸Î± αÏειλεί να Ïην αÏαιÏÎÏει.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏην εÏοÏή μαÏ, μÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± καÏαλάβειÏ
ÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ εÏιθÏ
μεί να ÏÏ
ζηÏά αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏιÏ
+ιδÎÎµÏ ÏεÏί ελεÏ
θεÏίαÏ, διÏÏι δεν λÎνε
<cite>ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ</cite>. Îεν
+λÎνε <cite>ελεÏθεÏο</cite>, λÎνε “ανοικÏÏÏ
κÏδικαϔ. ÎÏ
ÏÏÏ Î¿
+ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÏινοήθηκε αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Ïαν Ïον
κ. Torvalds, οι οÏοίοι θα
+ÏÏοÏιμοÏÏαν να μην εγείÏονÏαι καν αÏ
Ïά Ïα
ηθικά θÎμαÏα. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, ο ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Îµ
+Ïον οÏοίο θα μÏοÏοÏÏαÏε να Î¼Î±Ï Î²Î¿Î·Î¸Î®ÏεÏε
να Ïα θÎÏοÏ
με, είναι λÎγονÏαÏ
+<cite>ελεÏθεÏο</cite>. ÎÎÏεÏε, εξαÏÏάÏαι αÏÏ
εÏÎ¬Ï Ïο Ïι θÎÏη θα ÏάÏεÏε,
+είÏÏε ελεÏθεÏοι να λÎÏε αÏ
ÏÏ ÏοÏ
νομίζεÏε.
Îν ÏÏ
μÏÏνείÏε μαζί ÏοÏ
Ï, μÏοÏείÏε
+να λÎÏε ανοικÏÏÏ ÎºÏδικαÏ. Îν ÏÏ
μÏÏνείÏε
μαζί μαÏ, ÏÏÏε δείξÏε Ïο, ÏÎÏÏε
+<cite>ελεÏθεÏο</cite>!</p>
+
+<h3 id="education">ÎλεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ¹ εκÏαίδεÏ
Ïη</h3>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, Ïο Ïιο ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Ïημείο για Ïο
ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏÏι Ïα ÏÏολεία
+<em>ÏÏÎÏει</em> να διδάÏκοÏ
ν αÏοκλειÏÏικά
ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ. Îλα Ïα εÏίÏεδα
+εκÏαίδεÏ
ÏηÏ, αÏÏ Ïο νηÏιαγÏγείο μÎÏÏι Ïο
ÏανεÏιÏÏήμιο, είναι η ηθική ÏοÏ
Ï
+εÏ
θÏνη να διδάÏκοÏ
ν μÏνο ελεÏθεÏο
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏην εκÏαίδεÏ
Ïή ÏοÏ
Ï, αλλά και
+Ï' ÏÎ»ÎµÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÎµÎºÏαιδεÏ
ÏικÎÏ
δÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÏίÏηÏ, ÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνÏν κι
+εκείνÏν ÏοÏ
λÎνε ÏÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¯Î´Î¿Ï
ν Ïην ÏηÏιακή
γÏαμμαÏοÏÏνη. ΠολλÎÏ Î±ÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ
+ÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î´Î¬ÏκοÏ
ν Ïα Windows,
ÏÏάγμα ÏοÏ
Ïημαίνει ÏÏι διδάÏκοÏ
ν
+<em>Ïην εξάÏÏηÏη</em>. Το να διδάÏÎºÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏ
Ï
ανθÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Ïη ÏÏήÏη ιδιÏκÏηÏοÏ
+λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¹ÏοδÏ
ναμεί με Ïο να διδάÏκειÏ
Ïην εξάÏÏηÏη, και οι εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏικÎÏ
+δÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏÏÎÏει ÏοÏΠνα Ïο κάνοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÏ, εÏειδή είναι Ïο ακÏιβÏÏ
+ανÏίθεÏο ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏοÏÏÎ¿Î»Î®Ï ÏοÏ
Ï. Îι εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην
+κοινÏνική αÏοÏÏολή να μοÏÏÏÏοÏ
ν καλοÏÏ
ÏολίÏÎµÏ Î¼Î¯Î±Ï Î¹ÏÏÏ
ÏήÏ, ικανήÏ,
+ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏικήÏ, ανεξάÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ελεÏθεÏηÏ
κοινÏνίαÏ. Îαι ÏÏον ÏομÎα ÏÏν
+Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏν αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει: διδάξÏε
ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ. ΠοÏΠμη διδάÏκεÏε Îνα
+ιδιÏκÏηÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, διÏÏι αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει
ÏÏÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏ
ÏÏνεÏε ÏÏο μÏ
Î±Î»Ï Ïην
+εξάÏÏηÏη.</p>
+
+<p>ÎιαÏί νομίζεÏε ÏÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Ïοιοι καÏαÏκεÏ
αÏÏÎÏ Î¹Î´Î¹ÏκÏηÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏοÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν
+δÏÏεάν ανÏίγÏαÏα ÏÏα ÏÏολεία; ÎÏειδή θÎλοÏ
ν Ïα ÏÏολεία να κάνοÏ
ν Ïα Ïαιδιά
+εξαÏÏημÎνα. Îαι καÏÏÏιν, ÏÏαν αÏοÏοιÏήÏοÏ
ν, ÏαÏαμÎνοÏ
ν εξαÏÏημÎνα και ξÎÏεÏε
+ÏÏÏ Î· εÏαιÏεία δεν ÏÏÏκειÏαι ÏλÎον να ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει δÏÏεάν ανÏίγÏαÏα. Îαι
+κάÏοια αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά Ïα Ïαιδιά θα βÏοÏνε δοÏ
λειÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ θα δοÏ
λÎÏοÏ
ν για διάÏοÏεÏ
+εÏαιÏείεÏ. ÎÏι ÏÏÏα Ïολλά, ÏλÎον, αλλά
κάÏοια αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά. Îαι Ï' αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏιÏ
+εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏÏÏκειÏαι να ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÏοÏÏεÏθοÏν δÏÏεάν ανÏίγÏαÏα. Î, ÏÏι! Î
+βαÏική ιδÎα είναι ÏÏι, αν Ïο ÏÏολείο
ÏÏοÏαναÏολίÏει ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Î±Î¸Î·ÏÎÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Îνα
+μονοÏάÏι μÏÎ½Î¹Î¼Î·Ï ÎµÎ¾Î¬ÏÏηÏηÏ, ÏÏÏε μÏοÏοÏν
να ÏαÏαÏÏÏοÏ
ν Ïην Ï
ÏÏλοιÏη κοινÏνία
+ÏÏην εξάÏÏηÏη. ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Ïο ÏÏÎδιο! Îίναι
Ïαν να δίνοÏ
νε ÏÏο ÏÏολείο δÏÏεάν
+ÏÏογεμιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏÏÎ¹Î³Î³ÎµÏ Î¼Îµ εξαÏÏηÏιογÏνα
ναÏκÏÏικά, λÎγονÏÎ±Ï “ενÎÏÏε
+αÏ
Ïά ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Î±Î¸Î·ÏÎÏ ÏαÏ, η ÏÏÏÏη δÏÏη είναι
δÏÏεάν.” ÎÏÎ»Î¹Ï Î³Î¯Î½ÎµÏε
+εξαÏÏημÎνοι, ÏÏÏε θα ÏÏÎÏει να ÏληÏÏÏεÏε.
ΦÏ
Ïικά, Ïο ÏÏολείο θα αÏÎÏÏιÏÏε Ïα
+ναÏκÏÏικά, διÏÏι δεν είναι ÏÏÏÏÏ Î½Î±
διδάÏκει ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Î±Î¸Î·ÏÎÏ Î½Î± ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏν
+εξαÏÏηÏιογÏνα ναÏκÏÏικά και θα ÏÏÎÏει,
εÏίÏηÏ, να αÏοÏÏίÏει και Ïο ιδιÏκÏηÏο
+λογιÏμικÏ. </p>
+
+<p>ÎεÏικοί λÎνε: “ÎÏ Î²Î¬Î»Î¿Ï
με Ïο ÏÏολείο
να διδάÏκει και Ïα δÏο, ÏÏÏο Ïο
+ιδιÏκÏηÏο ÏÏο και Ïο ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ,
ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε οι μαθηÏÎÏ Î½Î± ÏÏ
νηθίÏοÏ
ν
+και Ïα δÏο.” ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ακÏιβÏÏ Ïαν να
λÎμε: “Îια μεÏημεÏÎ¹Î±Î½Ï Î±Ï
+δÏÏοÏ
με ÏÏα Ïαιδιά ÏÏανάκι και καÏνÏ, ÎÏÏι
ÏÏÏε να ÏÏ
νηθίÏοÏ
ν και ÏÏα
+δÏο.” ÎÏι! Τα ÏÏολεία Ï
ÏοÏίθεÏαι ÏÏι
ÏÏοοÏίζονÏαι μÏνο για να
+διδάÏκοÏ
ν καλÎÏ ÏÏ
νήθειεÏ, ÏÏι ÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±ÎºÎÏ!
Îια Ïον λÏγο αÏ
ÏÏ, δεν θα ÏÏÎÏει
+να Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν καθÏλοÏ
Ïα Windows Ï' Îνα ÏÏολείο,
οÏÏε Ïα Macintosh, ÏίÏοÏε Ïο
+ιδιÏκÏηÏο ÏÏην εκÏαίδεÏ
Ïη.</p>
+
+<p>Îλλά, ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏάÏιν, εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎºÏαίδεÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÏν. ÎλÎÏεÏε,
+μεÏικοί ÎÏοÏ
ν Îνα ÏαλÎνÏο για Ïον
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÏ. ΤÏ
Ïικά, καÏά Ïην ηλικία
+ÏÏν 10-13 εÏÏν, γοηÏεÏονÏαι, κι αν
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏοÏ
ν Îνα ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, θÎλοÏ
ν και
+να μάθοÏ
ν: “Î ÏÏ Ïο κάνει αÏ
ÏÏ;” Îλλά
ÏÏαν ÏÏÏοÏν Ïον δάÏκαλο, αν
+είναι ιδιÏκÏηÏο, ο δάÏÎºÎ±Î»Î¿Ï ÏÏÎÏει να ÏοÏ
Ï
Ïει: “ÎÏ
Ïάμαι, είναι
+μÏ
ÏÏικÏ, δεν μÏοÏοÏμε να Ïο μάθοÏ
με.” Î
Ïάγμα ÏοÏ
Ïημαίνει ÏÏι η μάθηÏη
+αÏαγοÏεÏεÏαι. Îνα ιδιÏκÏηÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα
είναι ο εÏθÏÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏνεÏμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏηÏ
+μάθηÏηÏ. ÎÏοδÏ
ναμεί με ÏαÏακÏάÏηÏη γνÏÏηÏ,
και για Ïο λÏγο αÏ
ÏÏ Î´Îµ θα ÏÏÎÏει
+να γίνεÏαι ανεκÏÏ Ï' Îνα ÏÏολείο, ακÏμη κι
αν Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν Ïολλοί άνθÏÏÏοι ÏÏο
+ÏÏολείο ÏοÏ
δεν ενδιαÏÎÏονÏαι για
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ δεν θÎλοÏ
ν να μάθοÏ
ν
+κάÏι ÏÎÏοιο. ΠαÏ' Ïλα ÏαÏÏα, και μÏνον
εÏειδή είναι ο εÏθÏÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏνεÏμαÏοÏ
+ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¬Î¸Î·ÏηÏ, δεν θα ÎÏÏεÏε να βÏίÏκεÏαι
εκεί, μÎÏα ÏÏο ÏÏολείο. </p>
+
+<p>Îν, ÏμÏÏ, Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα είναι ελεÏθεÏο, ο
δάÏÎºÎ±Î»Î¿Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να εξηγήÏει αÏ
ÏÏ
+ÏοÏ
γνÏÏίζει και μεÏά να δÏÏει ανÏίγÏαÏα
ÏοÏ
ÏηγαίοÏ
κÏδικα,λÎγονÏαÏ:
+“ÎιαβάÏÏε Ïο και θα καÏαλάβεÏε Ïα
ÏάνÏα.” Îι ÏÏοιοι αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏοÏÏ
+γοηÏεÏ
ÏοÏν ÏÏαγμαÏικά, θα Ïο διαβάÏοÏ
ν! Îι
αÏ
ÏÏ Î¸Î± ÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÏÏει μία εÏ
καιÏία
+ν' αÏÏίÏοÏ
ν να μαθαίνοÏ
ν ÏÏÏ Î½Î± γίνοÏ
ν
καλοί ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îια να Î¼Î¬Î¸ÎµÎ¹Ï Î½Î± είÏαι καλÏÏ
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏήÏ, θα ÏÏειαÏÏεί να
+ÏÏ
νειδηÏοÏοιήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏ Î¿ÏιÏμÎνοι ÏÏÏÏοι ÏÏ
γγÏαÏÎ®Ï ÎºÏδικα, ακÏμη κι αν ÎÏοÏ
ν
+νÏημα για ÏÎνα και είναι οÏθοί, δεν είναι
καλοί, διÏÏι άλλοι άνθÏÏÏοι θα
+ÏÏ
νανÏήÏοÏ
ν δÏ
ÏÎºÎ¿Î»Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏο να ÏοÏ
Ï
καÏανοήÏοÏ
ν. ΠκαλÏÏ ÎºÏÎ´Î¹ÎºÎ±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ο
+καθαÏÏÏ ÎºÏδικαÏ, ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿Ï Î¼Îµ Ïον οÏοίο οι
άλλοι θα μÏοÏοÏν με εÏ
κολία να
+δοÏ
λÎÏοÏ
ν, ÏÏαν ÏÏειαÏÏοÏν να κάνοÏ
ν
ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Î ÏÏ Î¼Î±Î¸Î±Î¯Î½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î½Î± γÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Ï, καθαÏÏ
κÏδικα; Το ÏεÏÏ
ÏÎ±Î¯Î½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î²Î¬Î¶Î¿Î½ÏαÏ
+ÏάÏα ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÎºÏδικα και γÏάÏονÏÎ±Ï ÏάÏα ÏολÏ
κÏδικα. Îαι μÏνο Ïο ελεÏθεÏο
+λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει Ïην εÏ
καιÏία να
διαβάÏει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Ïον κÏδικα ÏÏν μεγάλÏν
+ÏÏογÏαμμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμε
ÏÏαγμαÏικά. ÎÏειÏα, βÎβαια, θα ÏÏÎÏει να
+γÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏάÏα ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÎºÏδικα, ÏοÏ
Ïημαίνει ÏÏι
θα ÏÏÎÏει να γÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ Ïε
+μεγάλα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα.</p>
+
+<p>Î ÏÏ Î¼Î±Î¸Î±Î¯Î½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î½Î± γÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Ï ÎºÏδικα για
Ïα μεγάλα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα; Î ÏÎÏει να
+αÏÏίÏÎµÎ¹Ï Ïε μικÏή κλίμακα, ÏοÏ
<em>δεν</em>
Ïημαίνει μικÏÏ ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, Ï ÏÏι!
+Îι ÏÏοκλήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γγÏαÏÎ®Ï ÎºÏδικα για
μεγάλα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα οÏÏε καν ÏοÏ
+αÏÏίζοÏ
ν να εμÏανίζονÏαι ÏÏα μικÏÏÏεÏα
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα. ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν, ο ÏÏÏÏοÏ
+με Ïον οÏοίο αÏÏÎ¯Î¶ÎµÎ¹Ï Ïε μικÏή κλίμακα να
γÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÏδικα για μεγάλα
+ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα είναι γÏάÏονÏÎ±Ï Î¼Î¹ÎºÏÎÏ
αλλαγÎÏ Ïε μεγάλα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα. Îαι μÏνο
+Ïο ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
δίνει Ïην εÏ
καιÏία να Ïο ÎºÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Ï
ÏÏ!</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏα, αν Îνα ÏÏολείο θÎλει να ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει
Ïην εÏ
καιÏία να Ïε μάθει να γίνειÏ
+καλÏÏ ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏήÏ, θα ÏÏÎÏει να είναι
Îνα ÏÏολείο ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Î¥ÏάÏÏει, ÏμÏÏ, και ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î²Î±Î¸ÏÏεÏÎ¿Ï Î»ÏγοÏ
και αÏ
ÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ για Ïο ÎºÎ±Î»Ï ÏηÏ
+Î·Î¸Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏαιδαγÏγηÏηÏ, ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î´Î±ÏκαλίαÏ
αγÏÎ³Î®Ï ÏοÏ
ÏολίÏη. Îεν αÏκεί Ïο
+ÏÏολείο να διδάÏκει μÏνο γεγονÏÏα και
ικανÏÏηÏεÏ, αλλά θα ÏÏÎÏει να διδάÏκει
+και Ïο ÏνεÏμα ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î®Ï Î¸ÎληÏηÏ, Ïη ÏÏ
νήθεια να βοηθάμε ÏοÏ
Ï
+άλλοÏ
Ï. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, κάθε Ïάξη θα ÏÏÎÏει να
ÎÏει αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον κανÏνα:
+“ÎαθηÏÎÏ, αν ÏÎÏεÏε λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏην Ïάξη,
δεν μÏοÏείÏε να Ïο κÏαÏάÏε
+για Ïον εαÏ
ÏÏ ÏαÏ, θα ÏÏÎÏει να μοιÏαÏÏείÏε
ανÏίγÏαÏα με Ïο Ï
ÏÏλοιÏο ÏηÏ
+ÏάξηÏ, ÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνοÏ
και ÏοÏ
ÏηγαίοÏ
κÏδικα, Ïε ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏ
κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï ÎµÎ´Ï
+θÎλει να μάθει! ÎιÏÏι αÏ
Ïή η Ïάξη είναι Îνα
μÎÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏοÏ
Ïλοι μοιÏαζÏμαÏÏε Ïη
+γνÏÏη μαÏ. ÎÏομÎνÏÏ, δεν εÏιÏÏÎÏεÏαι να
ÏÎÏνεÏε Îνα ιδιÏκÏηÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏÏην
+Ïάξη.” Το ÏÏολείο θα ÏÏÎÏει, ÏÏ
Ïικά, να
εÏαÏμÏζει Ïον Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
αÏ
ÏÏ
+κανÏνα και να δείÏνει Ïο ÎºÎ±Î»Ï ÏαÏάδειγμα.
ΣÏ
μÏεÏαÏμαÏικά, Ïο ÏÏολείο ÏÏÎÏει
+να ÏÎÏνει μÏνο ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏην
Ïάξη και να μοιÏάζει ανÏίγÏαÏα,
+ÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνοÏ
και ÏοÏ
ÏηγαίοÏ
κÏδικα,
Ïε οÏοιονδήÏοÏε μÎÏα ÏÏην Ïάξη
+θÎλει ανÏίγÏαÏα.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏοι αÏÏ ÎµÏÎ¬Ï ÎÏεÏε κάÏοια ÏÏÎÏη με Îνα
ÏÏολείο, είναι <em>Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏαÏ</em>
+καθήκον να κάνεÏε εκÏÏÏαÏεία και να
αÏκήÏεÏε ÏίεÏη για να ÏεÏάÏει Ïο ÏÏολείο
+Ïε ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ. Îαι θα ÏÏÎÏει να
είÏÏε ÏÏαθεÏοί. ÎÏοÏεί να ÏάÏει και
+ÏÏÏνια, αλλά μÏοÏείÏε να Ïο ÏεÏÏÏεÏε, αÏκεί
να μην Ïα ÏαÏαÏήÏεÏε
+ÏοÏÎ. ΣÏ
νεÏίÏÏε να αναζηÏάÏε ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏ
μμάÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î¼ÎµÏα ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Î±Î¸Î·ÏÎÏ,
+ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸Î·Î³Î·ÏÎÏ, Ïο ÏÏοÏÏÏικÏ, ÏοÏ
Ï Î³Î¿Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï,
οÏοιονδήÏοÏε! Îαι ÏάνÏα να Ïο
+θÎÏεÏε ÏÏ Îνα Î·Î¸Î¹ÎºÏ Î¶Î®Ïημα. Îν κάÏοιοÏ
Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï Î¸Îλει να ÏαÏεκÏÏÎÏει Ïη
+ÏÏ
ζήÏηÏη ÏÏο Ïάδε ÏÏακÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏλεονÎκÏημα ή
ÏÏο δείνα ÏÏακÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¹Î¿Î½ÎκÏημα, ÏοÏ
+Ïημαίνει ÏÏι αγνοοÏν Ïο Ïιο ÏημανÏικÏ
ζήÏημα, ÏÏÏε εÏÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÏÎÏει να ÏείÏε:
+“ÎÎ´Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏÏÏκειÏαι για Ïο ÏÏÏ Î½Î± κάνοÏ
με
Ïην καλÏÏεÏη εκÏαιδεÏ
Ïική
+δοÏ
λειά, ÎµÎ´Ï ÏÏÏκειÏαι για Ïο ÏÏÏ Î½Î±
ÏαÏάÏÏοÏ
με μία καλή εκÏαίδεÏ
Ïη, ανÏί
+για μία κακή. Î ÏÏκειÏαι για Ïο ÏÏÏ Î½Î±
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏοÏ
με μία εκÏαίδεÏ
Ïη ÏÏÏÏά, ανÏί
+με Î»Î¬Î¸Î¿Ï ÏÏÏÏο, ÏÏι αÏλÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ÏÏÏ Î¸Î± Ïην
καÏαÏÏήÏοÏ
με κάÏÏÏ Ïιο
+αÏοÏελεÏμαÏική, ή λιγÏÏεÏο.” ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ,
μην ÏαÏαÏÏÏεÏÏε αÏÏ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î± Ïα
+δεÏ
ÏεÏεÏονÏα θÎμαÏα και αγνοείÏε αÏ
ÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏαγμαÏικά ÎÏει ÏημαÏία!</p>
+
+<h3 id="services">ÎιαδικÏÏ
ακÎÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏίεÏ</h3>
+
+<p>ÎÏ Ïάμε, λοιÏÏν, ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïην εÏÏμενη αÏειλή. Î
ÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν δÏο θÎμαÏα ÏοÏ
+εγείÏονÏαι αÏÏ Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν διαδικÏÏ
ακÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν. Το Îνα αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά είναι
+ÏÏι ο διακομιÏÏÎ®Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏε να
καÏαÏÏαÏÏεί Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏαÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï Ïο άλλο
+είναι ÏÏι θα μÏοÏοÏÏε να ÏάÏει Ïον ÎλεγÏο
ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÏν ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏιÏν.</p>
+
+<p>ΠκÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î³Î½ÏÏίζει, ήδη, για Ïο ÏÏÏÏο
ζήÏημα. ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ
νειδηÏοÏοιήÏει ÏÏι,
+ÏÏαν Î±Î½ÎµÎ²Î¬Î¶ÎµÎ¹Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼Îνα Ïε μία διαδικÏÏ
ακή Ï
ÏηÏεÏία, ÏÏÏε ÏÏοκÏÏÏει κι Îνα
+θÎμα ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο Ïι θα ÏÏάξει μ' εκείνα Ïα
δεδομÎνα. ÎÏοÏεί να κάνει
+ÏÏάγμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±ÎºÎ¿Î¼ÎµÏαÏειÏίζονÏαι. Τι
θα μÏοÏοÏÏε να κάνει; Îα μÏοÏοÏÏε
+να ÏάÏει Ïα δεδομÎνα, θα μÏοÏοÏÏε να
αλλοιÏÏει Ïα δεδομÎνα, θα μÏοÏοÏÏε να
+αÏνηθεί να ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏιÏÏÏÎÏει ÏίÏÏ Ïα
δεδομÎνα. Îαι θα μÏοÏοÏÏε, εÏίÏηÏ, να
+δείξει Ïα δεδομÎνα Ïε κάÏοιον άλλον ÏοÏ
εÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ θÎλεÏε να ÏοÏ
+δειÏθοÏν. ΤÎÏÏεÏα διαÏοÏεÏικά Ïιθανά
ÏÏάγμαÏα.</p>
+
+<p>ΤÏÏα, εδÏ, Î¼Î¹Î»Î¬Ï Î³Î¹Î± δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
εÏείÏ
δÏÏαÏε <em>ενÏÏ
νείδηÏα</em> Ï'
+εκείνο Ïον ιÏÏÏÏοÏο. ΦÏ
Ïικά, ÏολλÎÏ Î±ÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¹ÎµÎ¾Î¬Î³Î¿Ï
ν,
+εÏίÏηÏ, και <em>εÏιÏήÏηÏη</em>.</p>
+
+<p>Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα, ÏάÏÏε Ï
Ï' ÏÏη ÏÎ±Ï Ïο Facebook.
Îι ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏÎλνοÏ
ν Ïολλά
+δεδομÎνα ÏÏο Facebook κι Îνα αÏÏ Ïα κακά
ÏÏάγμαÏα ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο Facebook
+είναι ÏÏι δείÏνει Ïολλά αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά Ïα
δεδομÎνα Ïε ÏολλοÏÏ Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï
+και, ακÏμη κι αν ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει μία ÏÏθμιÏη
για να ÏοÏνε “ÏÏι,”
+αÏ
Ïή μÏοÏεί να μη λειÏοÏ
Ïγεί ÏÏαγμαÏικά.
Σε ÏελεÏ
Ïαία ανάλÏ
Ïη, αν ÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏ
+“οÏιÏμÎνοι άνθÏÏÏοι μÏοÏοÏν να βλÎÏοÏ
ν
αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο Ïμήμα ÏÏν
+ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν,” ÏÏÏε ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏοÏÏ
μÏοÏεί και να ÏιÏ
+δημοÏιεÏÏει. ΤÏÏα, αÏ
ÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι ÏÏαίξιμο
ÏοÏ
Facebook, δεν μÏοÏοÏν να
+κάνοÏ
ν ÏίÏοÏε για να Ïο ÏÏολάβοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÏ,
αλλά θα ÏÏειλαν να ÏÏοειδοÏοιοÏν Ïον
+κÏÏμο. ÎνÏί να λÎνε “ÏÏεκάÏεÏε αÏ
ÏÏ, ÏÏι
ÏÏοοÏίζεÏαι μÏνο για ÏοÏ
Ï
+λεγÏμενοÏ
Ï ÏίλοÏ
Ï ÏαÏ,” θα ÎÏÏεÏε να
λÎει “να ÎÏεÏε καÏά νοÏ
ÏÏι
+οι λεγÏμενοι Ïίλοι ÏÎ±Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι
ÏÏαγμαÏικοί Ïίλοι ÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹, αν θÎλοÏ
ν να ÏαÏ
+κάνοÏ
νε ζημιά, θα μÏοÏοÏÏαν να Ïο
δημοÏιεÏÏοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÏ.” Îα ÎÏÏεÏε να Ïο
+λÎνε αÏ
ÏÏ, κάθε ÏοÏά, αν ήθελαν να
αÏÏολοÏνÏαι με ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¼' Îναν
+Î·Î¸Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏο.</p>
+
+<p>ÎκÏÏÏ Î±Ï' Ïλα Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
οι ÏÏήÏÏεÏ
ÏοÏ
Facebook δίνοÏ
ν με Ïη θÎληÏή
+ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏο Facebook, Ïο Facebook ÏÏ
λλÎγει και
δεδομÎνα για ÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏεÏ
+ÏÏν ανθÏÏÏÏν ÏÏο διαδίκÏÏ
ο, μÎÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏÏÏν
μεθÏδÏν εÏιÏήÏηÏηÏ. Îλλά μÎÏÏι
+ÏÏÏα Î¼Î¹Î»Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
οι ÏÏήÏÏεÏ
<em>ξÎÏοÏ
ν</em> ÏÏÏ Ïα δίνοÏ
ν Ï'
+αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¹ÏÏοÏελίδεÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ΠαÏÏλεια δεδομÎνÏν είναι κάÏι ÏοÏ
μÏοÏεί ÏάνÏα να ÏÏ
μβεί καÏά
+λάθοÏ. Î¥ÏάÏÏει ÏάνÏα αÏ
Ïή η ÏιθανÏÏηÏα, ÏÏο
ÏÏοÏεκÏικÏÏ ÎºÎ¹ αν είναι
+κάÏοιοÏ. ÎÏα, θα ÏÏÎÏει να κÏαÏάÏε
ÏολλαÏλά ανÏίÏÏ
Ïα ÏÏν ÏημανÏικÏν
+δεδομÎνÏν. Îν Ïο κάνεÏε αÏ
ÏÏ, ÏÏÏε, ακÏμη κι
αν κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î±ÏοÏαÏίÏει να
+διαγÏάÏει ηθελημÎνα Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏαÏ, Ïο
θÎμα δεν θα ÏÎ±Ï ÏονοÏÏε και ÏÏÏο
+ÏολÏ, διÏÏι θα είÏαÏε και άλλα ανÏίγÏαÏά
ÏοÏ
Ï.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, ÏÏο κÏαÏάÏε ÏολλαÏλά ανÏίÏÏ
Ïα,
δε ÏÏειάζεÏαι να ανηÏÏ
ÏείÏε και ÏÏÏο
+ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î³Î¹Î± μία Ïιθανή αÏÏλεια ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν
ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÎº μÎÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ¬ÏοιοÏ
άλλοÏ
. Τι
+γίνεÏαι ÏμÏÏ ÏÏην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏ
θα θÎλαÏε
να Ïα ÏάÏεÏε ÏίÏÏ; ÎοιÏÏν, μεÏικÎÏ
+Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν να ÏάÏεÏε ÏίÏÏ
Ïλα Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
ÏÏείλαÏε, ενÏ
+Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏι. Îι Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï Google εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν
ÏÏον ÏÏήÏÏη να ÏάÏει ÏίÏÏ Ïα
+δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
ο Î¯Î´Î¹Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïε ανεβάÏει Ï' αÏ
ÏÎÏ. Το Facebook, ÏÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
+ÏαÏίγνÏÏÏο, δεν εÏιÏÏÎÏει κάÏι ÏÎÏοιο.</p>
+
+<p>ΦÏ
Ïικά, ÏÏην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏÎ·Ï Google, αÏ
ÏÏ
ιÏÏÏει μÏνο για Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
ο
+ÏÏήÏÏÎ·Ï <em>γνÏÏίζει</em> ÏÏÏ ÎÏει η Google. Î Google,
ÏμÏÏ, κάνει εÏίÏηÏ
+και Ïολλή εÏιÏήÏηÏηΠκι αÏ
Ïά Ïα δεδομÎνα
δεν ÏεÏιλαμβάνονÏαι. ΠάνÏÏÏ, Ïε
+κάθε ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη, αν μÏοÏείÏε να ÏάÏεÏε ÏίÏÏ
Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏαÏ, ÏÏÏε θα
+μÏοÏοÏÏαÏε και να ανιÏνεÏÏεÏε μήÏÏÏ ÏÏ
ÏÏν
Ïα αλλοιÏÏανε. Îαι δεν είναι και
+ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏÎ¹Î¸Î±Î½Ï Î½' αÏÏίÏοÏ
ν να ÏÏοÏοÏοιοÏν Ïα
δεδομÎνα ÏÏν ανθÏÏÏÏν, αν οι
+άνθÏÏÏοι αÏ
Ïοί μÏοÏοÏν να Ïο καÏαλάβοÏ
ν. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, Ïιθανά μÏοÏοÏμε να κÏαÏάμε
+Îνα ίÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏεÏικά με αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνο
ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±ÏάÏÏηÏηÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Το ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏάÏÏηÏηÏ, ÏμÏÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νίÏÏαÏαι ÏÏο να δείÏνοÏ
ν Ïα δεδομÎνα
+ÏÎ±Ï Ïε κάÏοιον ÏοÏ
δεν θÎλεÏε να Ïα δει,
αÏοÏελεί ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏÏ
Ïνή ÏÏακÏική και
+είναι ÏÏεδÏν αδÏναÏον για εÏÎ¬Ï Î½Î± Ïο
ÏÏολάβεÏε, ειδικά αν ÏÏÏκειÏαι για μία
+ÎμεÏικανική εÏαιÏεία. ÎλÎÏεÏε, ο νÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏει Ïο Ïιο Ï
ÏοκÏιÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Ïνομα
+ÏÏην ÎμεÏικανική ιÏÏοÏία, ο γνÏÏÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
USA Patriot Act, λÎει ÏÏι η
+αÏÏÏ
νομία ÏοÏ
ÎεγάλοÏ
ÎδελÏÎ¿Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να ÏÏ
λλÎγει ÏÏεδÏν Ïλα Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
+οι εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏηÏοÏν ÏÏεÏικά με Ïα ÏÏ
Ïικά ÏÏÏÏÏÏα. Îι ÏÏι μÏνον οι
+εÏαιÏείεÏ, αλλά και άλλοι οÏγανιÏμοί, ÏÏÏÏ
οι δημÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ Î²Î¹Î²Î»Î¹Î¿Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ. Î
+ÎÏÏÏ
νομία μÏοÏεί να ÏάÏει αÏ
Ïά Ïα δεδομÎνα
Ïε μαζική κλίμακα, ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î¿ÏÏε καν
+να ÏÏειάζεÏαι δικαÏÏική ÏÏ
νδÏομή. ΤÏÏα, Ïε
μία ÏÏÏα ÏοÏ
είÏε ιδÏÏ
θεί εÏάνÏ
+ÏÏην ιδÎα ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏίαÏ, δεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει
ÏίÏοÏε Ïο ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏο ανÏιÏαÏÏιÏÏικÏ
+αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ. Îλλά ακÏιβÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ Îκαναν. ÎÏÏι,
λοιÏÏν, δεν ÏÏÎÏει ÏοÏΠνα
+εμÏιÏÏεÏεÏÏε οÏοιαδήÏοÏε αÏÏ Ïα δεδομÎνα
ÏÎ±Ï Ïε μια ÎμεÏικανική εÏαιÏεία.
+ÎÎνε, εÏίÏηÏ, ÏÏι ακÏμη και οι θÏ
γαÏÏικÎÏ
ÎμεÏικανικÏν εÏαιÏειÏν ÏÏο
+εξÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Ï
ÏÏκεινÏαι Ïε αÏ
Ïή Ïη νομοθεÏία,
ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ Î· εÏαιÏεία με Ïην οÏοία
+ÏÏ
ναλλάÏÏεÏÏε άμεÏα μÏοÏεί να βÏίÏκεÏαι
ÏÏην ÎÏ
ÏÏÏη, αλλά εάν ανήκει Ïε μία
+ÎμεÏικανική εÏαιÏεία, ÏÏÏε θα ÎÏθεÏε
ανÏιμÎÏÏÏοι με Ïο ίδιο ÏÏÏβλημα.</p>
+
+<p>ΠάνÏÏÏ, αÏ
ÏÏ Î±ÏοÏελεί κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Îναν λÏγο
ανηÏÏ
ÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏαν Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
+ÏÏÎλνεÏε ÏÏην Ï
ÏηÏεÏία αÏ
Ïή δεν
ÏÏοοÏίζονÏαι για δημοÏίεÏ
Ïη. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
+μεÏικÎÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏ
μÏοÏείÏε να
δημοÏιεÏεÏε διάÏοÏα ÏÏάγμαÏα. ÎÏαν
+δημοÏιεÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ¬Ïι, ξÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏαλÏÏ ÏÏι οι
ÏάνÏÎµÏ Î¸Î± είναι Ïε θÎÏη να Ïο
+δοÏνε. ÎÏα, δεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î½Î± ÏÎ±Ï Î²Î»Î¬ÏοÏ
ν αÏλÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ¯ÏνονÏÎ¬Ï Ïα Ïε κάÏοιο
+ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏοÏίθεÏαι ÏÏι δεν ÎÏÏεÏε να Ïα δει.
Îεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÏοÏ
να μην
+εÏιÏÏεÏÏÏαν να Ïα δει αν εÏείÏ
δημοÏιεÏÏεÏε αÏ
Ïά Ïα αÏÏεία. ÎÏα, Ï' αÏ
Ïή Ïην
+ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη, Ïο ÏÏÏβλημα δεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
Ïά, λοιÏÏν, είναι ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï Ï
Ïο-θÎμαÏα αÏ
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¯Î±Ï Î±ÏÎµÎ¹Î»Î®Ï ÏεÏί
+καÏάÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν μαÏ. ΠιδÎα ÏοÏ
ÎÏγοÏ
ÎοÏ
Ïί ÏÎ·Ï ÎλεÏ
θεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
+ÏÏι ÎÏεÏε Ïον Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Î¼Î¹ÏÏή ÏÏο δικÏ
ÏÎ±Ï ÏÏίÏι και ÏÏαν θÎλεÏε να
+κάνεÏε κάÏι αÏομακÏÏ
ÏμÎνα, Ïο κάνεÏε με
Ïον Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Î¼Î¹ÏÏή κι ÎÏÏι η
+αÏÏÏ
νομία θα ÏÏÎÏει να ÏάÏει ÏÏÏÏα
δικαÏÏική ενÏολή για να μÏοÏÎÏει να Ïάξει
+Ïον Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Î¼Î¹ÏÏή. Îε αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον ÏÏÏÏο,
διαÏηÏείÏε Ïα ίδια δικαιÏμαÏα
+ÏοÏ
θα είÏαÏε ÏαÏαδοÏιακά και ÏÏον ÏÏ
ÏικÏ
κÏÏμο.</p>
+
+<p>Το θÎμα εδÏ, αλλά και Ïε ÏÏÏα άλλα
ζηÏήμαÏα, είναι: καθÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Î½Î¿Ï
με Ïλο και
+ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏα ÏÏάγμαÏα ÏηÏιακά, ανÏί να Ïα
κάνοÏ
με με Ïον ÏαÏαδοÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ ÏÏ
ÏικÏ
+ÏÏÏÏο, δεν θα ÏÏÎÏει να ÏάνοÏ
με κανÎνα αÏÏ
Ïα δικαιÏμαÏά μαÏ· διÏÏι η γενική
+ÏάÏη είναι ÏÏι ÏνÏÏÏ ÏάνοÏ
με δικαιÏμαÏα.</p>
+
+<p>ÎαÏικά, ο νÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
Stallman λÎει ÏÏι, Ïε μία
εÏοÏή ÏÏην οÏοία οι
+κÏ
βεÏνήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¿Ï
λεÏοÏ
ν για ÏιÏ
μεγα-εÏαιÏείεÏ, ανÏί να λογοδοÏοÏν ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ï
+ÏολίÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Ï, οÏοιαδήÏοÏε ÏεÏνολογική
αλλαγή μÏοÏεί να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί ÏÏ
+ÏλεονÎκÏημα για να μειÏÏοÏ
ν Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία
μαÏ. ÎιÏÏι εκείνο ÏοÏ
εÏιδιÏκοÏ
ν
+αÏ
ÏÎÏ Î¿Î¹ κÏ
βεÏνήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹, ακÏιβÏÏ, να
μειÏÏοÏ
ν Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία μαÏ. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ
+Ïο εÏÏÏημα είναι: ÏÏÏε ÎÏοÏ
ν αÏ
Ïή Ïην εÏ
καιÏία; ÎοιÏÏν, οÏοιαδήÏοÏε αλλαγή
+λαμβάνει ÏÏÏα για κάÏοιο άÏÏεÏο λÏγο,
είναι μια εν δÏ
νάμει εÏ
καιÏία, και θα
+Ïην εκμεÏαλλεÏ
θοÏν αν αÏ
Ïή είναι η
γενικÏÏεÏη εÏιθÏ
μία ÏοÏ
Ï.</p>
+
+<p>Το άλλο, ÏμÏÏ, ζήÏημα με ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏ
ακÎÏ
Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏÏι μÏοÏοÏν να
+ÏάÏοÏ
ν Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÏν ÏαÏ
εÏγαÏιÏν κι αÏ
ÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι και ÏÏÏο
+εÏ
ÏÎÏÏ Î³Î½ÏÏÏÏ. Îλλά καθίÏÏαÏαι Ïλο και
ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏο κοινÏ. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν Ï
ÏηÏεÏίεÏ
+ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν να εκÏελοÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ
εÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ±Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î±ÏιαÏμÏ
+εÏί ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
Ï ÏαÏÎÏεÏε
εÏείϗÏÏάγμαÏα δηλαδή ÏοÏ
θα
+ÎÏÏεÏε να κάνεÏε ÏÏο Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ±Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏή,
αλλά ÏÎ±Ï ÏÏοÏκαλοÏν να εÏιÏÏÎÏεÏε
+να κάνει ο Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎ®Ï ÎºÎ¬ÏοιοÏ
άλλοÏ
αÏ
ÏÎÏ
ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î±
+ÏαÏ. Îαι Ïο αÏοÏÎλεÏμα είναι ÏÏι εÏείÏ
ÏάνεÏε Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÎ¬Î½Ï Ïε αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο
+θÎμα. Îίναι ακÏιβÏÏ Ïαν να
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏÏαÏε Îνα μη-ελεÏθεÏο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏο διαÏοÏεÏικά ÏενάÏια, αλλά οδηγοÏν
ÏÏο ίδιο ÏÏÏβλημα. Îν κάνεÏε ÏιÏ
+Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼Îµ Îνα
μη-ελεÏθεÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα… ε! ÏÏÏε, οι
+ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ ελÎγÏοÏ
ν Ïο μη-ελεÏθεÏο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, εκείνο ελÎγÏει ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ,
+Ïο οÏοίο ÏεÏιλαμβάνει κι εÏάÏ. ÎÏÏι, ÏάÏαÏε
Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÏν
+εÏγαÏιÏν ÏοÏ
γίνονÏαι. Îλλά αν κάνεÏε ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏον
+Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
διακομιÏÏή… ε! ÏÏÏε, Ïα
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα ÏοÏ
Ïο κάνοÏ
ν θα είναι
+αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿Ï ÎµÏÎλεξε. Îεν μÏοÏείÏε να
Ïα αγγίξεÏε, οÏÏε να Ïα δείÏε, άÏα
+δεν ÎÏεÏε κανÎναν ÎλεγÏο ÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏοÏ
Ï. ÎÏ
ÏÏÏ
αÏκεί ÎλεγÏο ÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏοÏ
Ï, ίÏÏÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îν ÏÏÏκειÏαι για ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ¹
ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿Ï Ïα εγκαÏαÏÏήÏει, ÏÏÏε θα Ïα
+ελÎγÏει. Îλλά, ακÏμη κι ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να
μην αÏκεί Ïον ÎλεγÏο. ÎÏοÏεί να
+ÏÏÎÏει Îνα ιδιÏκÏηÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏÏον
διακομιÏÏή ÏοÏ
, ÏÏην οÏοία ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη θα
+είναι κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÏει Ïον ÎλεγÏο
ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÏν εÏγαÏιÏν ÏοÏ
+γίνονÏαι ÏÏον διακομιÏÏή ÏοÏ
. ÎÏÏε εκείνοÏ
Ïο ελÎγÏει, οÏÏε και ÏειÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ Ï
ÏοθÎÏοÏ
με, ÏμÏÏ, ÏÏι εγκαθιÏÏά Îνα
ελεÏθεÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμαΠÏÏÏε ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿Ï ÎÏει
+Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ
εÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
λαμβάνοÏ
ν ÏÏÏα ÏÏο Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
+διακομιÏÏή, αλλά εÏÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÏι. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, και με
ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Ïο ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, <em>εÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î´ÎµÎ½
+ÎÏεÏε Ïον ÎλεγÏο!</em> ÎÏα, ο μÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î±
να ÎÏεÏε Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏιÏ
+Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ να ÏιÏ
κάνεÏε με <em>Ïο Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏαÏ
+ανÏίÏÏ
Ïο</em> ενÏÏ ÎµÎ»ÎµÏθεÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏοÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
Ïή η ÏÏακÏική ονομάζεÏαι “ÎογιÏμικÏ
ÏÏ Î¼Î¯Î± Î¥ÏηÏεÏία”. Σημαίνει
+να εκÏελείÏε ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικÎÏ ÏαÏ
εÏγαÏίεÏ, με Ïα δικά ÏÎ±Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼Îνα, ÏÏον
+διακομιÏÏή κάÏοιοÏ
άλλοÏ
. Îαι δεν γνÏÏίζÏ
ÏίÏοÏε ÏοÏ
να μÏοÏεί Ïο κάνει αÏ
ÏÏ
+αÏοδεκÏÏ. Î ÏÏκειÏαι ÏάνÏοÏε για κάÏι ÏοÏ
ÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏαιÏεί Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία και η
+μÏνη λÏÏη ÏοÏ
ξÎÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ να Ïο αÏνηθείÏε.
Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα, Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
+διακομιÏÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν να κάνοÏ
ν
μεÏάÏÏαÏη ή αναγνÏÏιÏη ÏÏνήÏ, κι εÏείÏ
+ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏήνεÏε να αναλάβοÏ
ν Ïον ÎλεγÏο αÏ
ÏήÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏαÏ,
+ÏÏάγμα ÏοÏ
δεν θα ÎÏÏεÏε ÏοÏΠνα κάνοÏ
με.</p>
+
+<p>ΦÏ
Ïικά, ÏοÏ
Ï ÏαÏαÏÏÏοÏμε εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹
δεδομÎνα για ÎµÎ¼Î¬Ï ÏοÏ
δεν θα ÎÏÏεÏε να
+ÎÏοÏ
ν. ΦανÏαÏθείÏε να είÏαÏε μία ÏÏ
νομιλία
με κάÏοιον μÎÏÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ
+αναγνÏÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÎ½Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μεÏάÏÏαÏηÏ, ÏοÏ
να
ήÏαν ÎογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏ Î¼Î¯Î± Î¥ÏηÏεÏία και
+να ÏÏÎÏει ÏÏαγμαÏικά Ï' Îναν διακομιÏÏή ÏοÏ
να ανήκει Ïε κάÏοια
+εÏαιÏεία. ÎÏ
Ïή η εÏαιÏεία θα μÏοÏεί,
εÏίÏηÏ, να μάθει Ïι ειÏÏθηκε Ï' αÏ
Ïή Ïη
+ÏÏ
νομιλία, και αν ÏÏÏκειÏαι για μία
ÎμεÏικανική εÏαιÏεία, αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει ÏÏι
+κι ο ÎÎµÎ³Î¬Î»Î¿Ï ÎδελÏÏÏ Î¸Î± μÏοÏÎÏει κι' αÏ
ÏÏÏ
να μάθει. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι καλÏ.</p>
+
+<h3 id="voting">Î¥ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏηÏοÏοÏίεÏ</h3>
+
+<p>ΠεÏÏμενη αÏειλή για Ïην ελεÏ
θεÏία Î¼Î±Ï Ïε
μία ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία είναι η ÏÏήÏη
+ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏν για να ÏηÏίζοÏ
με. Îεν
μÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± εμÏιÏÏεÏ
Î¸ÎµÎ¯Ï ÏοÏ
Ï
+Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± μία ÏηÏοÏοÏία.
ÎÏοιοÏδήÏοÏε ελÎγÏει Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ Ï'
εκείνοÏ
Ï
+ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ, διαθÎÏει και Ïη δÏναμη
να διαÏÏάξει μη ανιÏνεÏÏιμη αÏάÏη. </p>
+
+<p>Îι εκλογÎÏ Î±ÏοÏελοÏν ειδική ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη.
ÎÏειδή δεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει κανείÏ
+εμÏλεκÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
να ÏολμοÏμε να εμÏιÏÏεÏ
θοÏμε ÏλήÏÏÏ. Îλοι ÏÏÎÏει να
+ελÎγÏονÏαι, να διαÏÏαÏ
ÏÏνονÏαι αÏÏ Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï
Ï,
ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε κανÎÎ½Î±Ï Î½Î± μην είναι Ïε
+θÎÏη να αλλοιÏÏει μÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ïα
αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα. ÎιÏÏι αν κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Ïε
θÎÏη
+να Ïο κάνει αÏ
ÏÏ, ÏÏÏε ίÏÏÏ Ïο ÏÏάξει. ÎÏÏι,
Ïα ÏαÏαδοÏιακά Î¼Î±Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα
+για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏηÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Ïαν ÏÏεδιαÏθεί με
ÏÎÏοιο ÏÏÏÏο ÏοÏ
κανÎÎ½Î±Ï Î´ÎµÎ½
+αÏολάμβανε ÏλήÏη εμÏιÏÏοÏÏνη, ÏÏοÏ
καθÎÎ½Î±Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÎ³ÏÏÏαν αÏÏ Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï
Ï. ÎÏÏε
+κανÎÎ½Î±Ï Î½Î± μην μÏοÏοÏÏε εÏκολα να
διαÏÏάξει αÏάÏη. Îλλά, αÏÏ Ïη ÏÏιγμή ÏοÏ
+ειÏÎ±Î³Î¬Î³ÎµÎ¹Ï Îνα ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, αÏ
ÏÏ Î³Î¯Î½ÎµÏαι
αδÏναÏον.</p>
+
+<p>Î ÏÏ Î¼ÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± ÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Î½ μία μηÏανή
καÏαμÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏήÏÏν θα μεÏÏήÏει Ïίμια ÏιÏ
+ÏήÏοÏ
Ï; Îα ÎÏÏεÏε να μελεÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Ïο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎÏει μÎÏα ÏÏη μηÏανή καÏά
+Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÏν εκλογÏν, ÏÏάγμα ÏοÏ
,
αÏÏαλÏÏ, δεν μÏοÏεί ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± ÏÏάξει,
+ÏÎÏαν αÏÏ Ïο ÏÏι οι ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοι άνθÏÏÏοι
δεν θα ήξεÏαν οÏÏε ÏÏÏ Î½Î± Ïο
+κάνοÏ
ν. Îλλά ακÏμη κι οι ειδικοί, ÏοÏ
θα
μÏοÏοÏÏαν θεÏÏηÏικά να είναι ικανοί
+να μελεÏήÏοÏ
ν Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, δεν μÏοÏοÏν να
Ïο κάνοÏ
ν Ïη ÏÏιγμή ÏοÏ
ο κÏÏμοÏ
+ÏηÏίζει. Îα ÎÏÏεÏε να Ïο κάνοÏ
ν Ïιο ÏÏιν,
και μεÏά ÏÏÏ Î¸Î± ξÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏι Ïο
+ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏοÏ
αÏ
Ïοί μελÎÏηÏαν είναι
ακÏιβÏÏ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿ ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎÏει καθÏÏ Î¿ κÏÏμοÏ
+ÏηÏίζει; ÎÏοÏεί να Ïο αλλάξανε.</p>
+
+<p> ΤÏÏα, αν αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα είναι
ιδιÏκÏηÏο, αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει ÏÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Ïοια
+εÏαιÏεία Ïο ελÎγÏει. ΠαÏÏή ÏοÏ
εÏιβλÎÏει
Ïην εκλογική διαδικαÏία δε μÏοÏεί
+οÏÏε καν να Ïει Ïι ακÏιβÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹ Ïο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα. ÎÏομÎνÏÏ, αÏ
Ïή η εÏαιÏεία θα
+μÏοÏοÏÏε να ÏαÏαÏοιήÏει ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎºÎ»Î¿Î³ÎÏ.
Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν καÏηγοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏι αÏ
ÏÏ Îγινε
+ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎΠΠκαÏά Ïα ÏελεÏ
Ïαία δÎκα ÏÏÏνια, ÏÏι
Ïα εκλογικά αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα
+ÏλαÏÏογÏαÏήθηκαν καÏ' αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον ÏÏÏÏο.</p>
+
+<p>Îλλά Ïι θα ÏÏ
νÎβαινε αν Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ήÏαν
ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ; ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î¸Î±
+Ïήμαινε ÏÏι η εκλογική αÏÏή ÏοÏ
καÏÎÏει αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο μηÏάνημα ÏηÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎÏει Ïον
+ÎλεγÏο ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎÏει εκεί
μÎÏαΠÎÏÏι, η ίδια η εκλογική αÏÏή θα
+μÏοÏοÏÏε να ÏαÏαÏοιήÏει Ïο εκλογικÏ
αÏοÏÎλεÏμα. Îεν μÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± ÏοÏ
Ï
+εμÏιÏÏεÏ
Î¸ÎµÎ¯Ï Î¿ÏÏε κι αÏ
ÏοÏÏ. Îεν ÏÎ¿Î»Î¼Î¬Ï Î½Î±
εμÏιÏÏεÏ
Î¸ÎµÎ¯Ï <em>κανÎναν</em>
+ÏÏην ÏηÏοÏοÏία κι ο λÏÎ³Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ διÏÏι δεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει κανÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏε να
+μÏοÏοÏν οι ÏηÏοÏÏÏοι να εÏαληθεÏÏοÏ
ν αÏÏ
μÏνοι ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏι οι ÏήÏοι ÏοÏ
Ï
+μεÏÏήθηκαν ÏÏÏÏά, οÏÏε ÏÏι δεν ÏÏοÏÏÎθηκαν
κάλÏÎ¹ÎºÎµÏ ÏήÏοι.</p>
+
+<p>Σε Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¶ÏήÏ,
μÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÏ
νήθÏÏ Î½Î± ÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Î½ κάÏοιοÏ
+ÏÏοÏÏαθεί να Ïε κοÏοÏδÎÏει. ΠάÏÏε για
ÏαÏάδειγμα Ïην αγοÏά κάÏοιοÏ
ÏÏάγμαÏοÏ
+αÏÏ Îνα μαγαζί. ΠαÏαγγÎλνεÏε κάÏι, ίÏÏÏ
δίνεÏε κι Îναν αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÏιÏÏÏÏικήÏ
+κάÏÏαÏ. Îν Ïο ÏÏοÏÏν δεν ÎÏθει ÏÏα ÏÎÏια
ÏαÏ, ÏÏÏε μÏοÏείÏε να ÏαÏαÏονεθείÏε
+και μÏοÏείÏε… αν ÎÏεÏε αÏκεÏά καλή
μνήμη, ÏίγοÏ
Ïα θα Ïο κάνεÏε, να
+καÏαλάβεÏε αν αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏοÏÏν δεν ήÏθε. Îεν
εναÏοθÎÏεÏε αÏÏλÏ
Ïη και ÏÏ
Ïλή
+εμÏιÏÏοÏÏνη ÏÏο μαγαζί, διÏÏι μÏοÏείÏε να
ελÎγξεÏε. Îλλά ÏÏην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏÏν
+εκλογÏν, δεν μÏοÏείÏε να ελÎγξεÏε.</p>
+
+<p>Îίδα κάÏοÏε Îνα εÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ Î¬ÏθÏο ÏÏοÏ
κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï ÏεÏιÎγÏαÏε Îνα θεÏÏηÏικÏ
+ÏÏÏÏημα ÏηÏοÏοÏίαÏ, Ïο οÏοίο ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί
μεÏικά εξεζηÏημÎνα μαθημαÏικά,
+ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε να μÏοÏοÏν οι άνθÏÏÏοι να ελÎγÏοÏ
ν ÏÏι οι ÏήÏοι ÏοÏ
Ï
+καÏαμεÏÏήθηκαν, ÏαÏÏλο ÏοÏ
η ÏήÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
καθενÏÏ ÏαÏÎμενε κÏÏ
Ïή, και θα
+μÏοÏοÏÏαν, εÏίÏηÏ, να εÏαληθεÏοÏ
ν ÏÏι δεν
είÏαν ÏÏοÏÏεθεί ÏεÏ
δείÏ
+ÏήÏοι. ÎÏαν ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏα ÏανίÏÏÏ
Ïα
μαθημαÏικάΠαλλά ακÏμη κι αν αÏ
Ïά Ïα
+μαθημαÏικά είναι ÏÏÏÏά, αÏ
ÏÏ Î´Îµ Ïημαίνει
ÏÏι Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα θα ήÏαν αÏοδεκÏÏ Î³Î¹Î±
+ÏÏακÏική ÏÏήÏη, διÏÏι οι ÏÏÏÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏ
ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να
+βÏίÏκονÏαι ÎÎ¾Ï Î±ÏÏ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î± Ïα μαθημαÏικά.
Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα, Î±Ï Ï
ÏοθÎÏοÏ
με ÏÏι
+ÏηÏίζεÏε μÎÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
κι Î±Ï Ï
ÏοθÎÏοÏ
με ÏÏι ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏε Îνα
+μηÏάνημα ÏοÏ
, ÏμÏÏ, είναι Îνα ζÏμÏι<sup><a
+href="#TransNote6">[6]</a></sup>. ÎÏοÏεί να ÏÎ±Ï Ïει ÏÏι η
ÏήÏÎ¿Ï ÎÏει ÏÏαλεί
+για Ïο A, ÎµÎ½Ï ÏÏην ÏÏαγμαÏικÏÏηÏα ÎÏÏειλε
μια ÏήÏο για Ïο B. ΠοιÏÏ Î¼ÏοÏεί να
+ξÎÏει αν εÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏαÏε ÏοÏΠνα Ïο
ανακαλÏÏεÏε; Î ÏακÏικά, ο μÏνοÏ
+ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± να δοÏμε αν αÏ
Ïά Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα
δοÏ
λεÏοÏ
ν και είναι ÎνÏιμα, είναι
+δοκιμάζονÏÎ±Ï Ïα ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ ÎµÏί εÏÏν, ÏÏην
ÏÏαγμαÏικÏÏηÏα δεκαεÏιÏν, κι
+ελÎγÏονÏÎ±Ï Î¼Îµ άλλοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Ïι Ïελικά ÏÏ
νÎβη.</p>
+
+<p>Îεν θα ήθελα να γίνει η ÏÏÏα μοÏ
ÏÏÏÏοÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïε αÏ
ÏÏ. Îι' αÏ
ÏÏ,
+ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏε ÏαÏÏί για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏηÏοÏοÏίεÏ.
ÎεβαιÏθείÏε ÏÏι Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν ÏηÏοδÎλÏια
+ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν να ξαναμεÏÏηθοÏν.</p>
+
+<h3 id="sharing">Î ÏÏÎ»ÎµÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά ÏοÏ
διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ</h3>
+
+<p>ΠεÏÏμενη αÏειλή καÏά ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î¼Î±Ï
Ïε μία ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία ÏÏοÎÏÏεÏαι
+αÏÏ Ïον ÏÏλεμο καÏά ÏοÏ
διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îνα αÏÏ Ïα καÏαÏληκÏικά οÏÎλη ÏηÏ
ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ®Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏÏι καθιÏÏά
+εÏκολη Ïην ανÏιγÏαÏή ÏÏν δημοÏιεÏ
μÎνÏν
ÎÏγÏν και Ïον διαμοιÏαÏÎ¼Ï Î±Ï
ÏÏν ÏÏν
+ανÏιγÏάÏÏν με άλλοÏ
Ï. Το να μοιÏάζεÏαι
είναι καλÏ, και με Ïην ÏηÏιακή
+ÏεÏνολογία ο διαμοιÏαÏμÏÏ Î³Î¯Î½ÎµÏαι
εÏκολοÏ. ÎÏÏι, εκαÏομμÏÏια ανθÏÏÏÏν
+μοιÏάζονÏαι μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏοÏ
Ï. ÎÏ
Ïοί ÏοÏ
βγάζοÏ
ν
κÎÏÎ´Î¿Ï Î¼ÎÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¾Î¿Ï
ÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
+διαθÎÏοÏ
ν εÏί ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î½Î¿Î¼Î®Ï Î±Ï
ÏÏν ÏÏν
ÎÏγÏν, δεν θÎλοÏ
ν να μοιÏαζÏμαÏÏε. Îι
+αÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏκειÏαι για εÏιÏειÏήÏειÏ, οι κÏ
βεÏνήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏδÏÏαν ÏοÏ
Ï Î»Î±Î¿ÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï
+και δοÏ
λεÏοÏ
νε για Ïην αÏ
ÏοκÏαÏοÏία ÏÏν
μεγα-εÏαιÏειÏν ÏÏοÏÏαθοÏν να
+Ï
ÏηÏεÏήÏοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏιÏειÏήÏειÏ, είναι
καÏά ÏÏν ίδιÏν ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏν λαÏν,
+είναι Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÏν εÏαιÏειÏν, Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÏν
εκδοÏÏν.</p>
+
+<p>Î! λοιÏÏν, αÏ
ÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι καλÏ. Îαι με Ïη
βοήθεια αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν κÏ
βεÏνήÏεÏν, οι
+εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ®ÏÏ
ξαν <em>ÏÏλεμο</em> καÏά ÏοÏ
διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ, και ÏÏÏÏειναν μία
+ÏειÏά ÏκληÏÏν δÏακÏνÏειÏν μÎÏÏÏν. ÎιαÏί
ÏÏοÏείνοÏ
ν ÏÎÏοια ÏκληÏά δÏακÏνÏεια
+μÎÏÏα; ÎιÏÏι ÏίÏοÏε λιγÏÏεÏο δεν ÎÏει μια
ÏιθανÏÏηÏα εÏιÏÏ
ÏίαÏ: ÏÏαν κάÏι
+είναι ÎºÎ±Î»Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏκολο, ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Ïο κάνει. Î
μÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î½Î± ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏαμαÏήÏει
+ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ να γίνει ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÎºÎ±ÎºÏÏ. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ,
αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏείνοÏ
ν είναι κακά,
+αÏαίÏια, και αÏ
ÏÏ ÏοÏ
ακολοÏ
θεί είναι
ακÏμη Ïιο αÏαίÏιο. ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν,
+ÏÏοÏÏάθηÏαν να μηνÏÏοÏ
ν κάÏοιοÏ
Ï ÎµÏήβοÏ
Ï,
αÏαιÏÏνÏÎ±Ï ÎµÎºÎ±ÏονÏÎ¬Î´ÎµÏ ÏιλιάδεÏ
+δολάÏια â αÏ
ÏÏ ÎºÎ¹ αν ήÏαν αÏαίÏιο. Îαι
ÏÏοÏÏάθηÏαν να ÏÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην
+ÏεÏνολογία Î¼Î±Ï ÎµÎ½Î±Î½Ïίον μαÏ, κι αÏ
ÏÏ
Ïημαίνει ÎιαÏείÏιÏη ΨηÏιακÏν
+ΠεÏιοÏιÏμÏν<sup><a href="#TransNote3">[3]</a></sup>,
ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏειÏοÏÎδεÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ÎνάμεÏα, ÏμÏÏ, ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏήÏÏαν
και ÎξÏ
Ïνοι ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ, οι
+οÏοίοι και βÏήκαν ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î½Î± ÏÏάÏοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÎÏ
ÏÎ¹Ï ÏειÏοÏÎδεÏ. Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα,
+Ïα DVD ÏÏεδιάÏθηκαν για να ÎÏοÏ
ν κÏÏ
ÏÏογÏαÏημÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÎ±Î¹Î½Î¯ÎµÏ Ïε μία μÏ
ÏÏική
+μοÏÏή κÏÏ
ÏÏογÏάÏηÏηÏ, και η βαÏική ιδÎα
ήÏαν ÏÏι Ïλα Ïα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα για Ïην
+αÏοκÏÏ
ÏÏογÏάÏηÏη ÏοÏ
βίνÏεο θα ήÏανε
ιδιÏκÏηÏα με ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏειÏοÏÎδεÏ. Îα
+ÏÏεδιαζÏÏαν Ïλα για να ÏεÏιοÏίζοÏ
ν ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. Îαι η ÏακÏική ÏοÏ
Ï
+λειÏοÏÏγηÏε μια ÏαÏά για Îνα μικÏÏ
διάÏÏημα. ÎάÏοιοι άνθÏÏÏοι, ÏμÏÏ, ÏÏην
+ÎÏ
ÏÏÏη, ÎÏÏαÏαν Ïην κÏÏ
ÏÏογÏάÏηÏη και
δημιοÏÏγηÏαν Îνα ελεÏθεÏο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα
+ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏÏε ÏÏαγμαÏικά να Ïαίζει Ïο
βίνÏεο Ï' Îνα DVD.</p>
+
+<p>ΦÏ
Ïικά, οι κινημαÏογÏαÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαιÏείεÏ
δεν Ïο άÏηÏαν εκεί. Πήγαν ÏÏην
+ÎμεÏικανική ÎεÏοÏ
Ïία κι αγÏÏαÏαν Îνα νÏμο
ÏοÏ
καθιÏÏοÏÏε αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο λογιÏμικÏ
+ÏαÏάνομο. Îι ÎΠΠεÏινÏηÏαν Ïη λογοκÏιÏία
ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ïο 1998, με Ïην
+Î Ïάξη ΠνεÏ
μαÏικÏν ÎικαιÏμάÏÏν ÏηÏ
ΨηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ®Ï Î§Î¹Î»Î¹ÎµÏίαÏ<sup><a
+href="#TransNote7">[7]</a></sup> (DMCA). ÎÏÏι, η διανομή αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
+ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï Î±ÏαγοÏεÏÏηκε ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎνÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î
ολιÏείεÏ. ÎÏ
ÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏ, δεν ÏÏαμάÏηÏε
+ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎνÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î Î¿Î»Î¹ÏείεÏ. Î ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαÏκή
ÎνÏÏη. Ï
ιοθÎÏηÏε μία Îδηγία, Ïο 2003,
+ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏοÏÏε ÏÎÏοιοÏ
Ï Î½ÏμοÏ
Ï. Î Îδηγία
λÎει μÏνο ÏÏι η εμÏοÏική αναδιανομή
+ÏÏÎÏει να αÏαγοÏεÏ
θεί, αλλά ÏÏεδÏν ÏÎ»ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹
ÏÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏην ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαÏκή ÎνÏÏη
+Ï
ιοθÎÏηÏαν Îναν ακÏμη Ïιο αÏαίÏιο νÏμο.
ΣÏη Îαλλία, ακÏμη και η αÏλή καÏοÏή
+ενÏÏ Î±Î½ÏιγÏάÏοÏ
αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏοÏ
αÏοÏελεί ÏαÏάβαÏη ÏοÏ
ÏιμÏÏείÏαι με
+ÏÏ
λάκιÏη, ÏάÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏον ΣαÏκοζί. ΠιÏÏεÏÏ ÏÏι
αÏ
ÏÏ Îγινε αÏÏ Ïο νÏμο
+DADVSI. Îάλλον θα ήλÏιζε ÏÏι μ' Îνα αÏÏÏÏεÏÏο
Ïνομα, ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ θα
+μÏοÏοÏÏε να Ïον κÏιÏικάÏει. [γÎλια ÏÏο
ακÏοαÏήÏιο]</p>
+
+<p>ÎοιÏÏν, ÎÏÏονÏαι εκλογÎÏ. ΡÏÏήÏÏε ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏοÏηÏίοÏ
Ï ÏÏν κομμάÏÏν: θα
+καÏαÏγήÏεÏε Ïον DADVSI; Îαι εάν ÏÏι, μην ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξεÏε. Îεν ÏÏÎÏει να
+ÏαÏαδÏÏεÏε Ïο ÏαμÎνο Î·Î¸Î¹ÎºÏ ÎδαÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î±
ÏάνÏα. Î ÏÎÏει να αγÏνιÏÏείÏε για να Ïο
+ξανακεÏδίÏεÏε.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏÏι, αγÏνιζÏμαÏÏε ακÏμη ενάνÏια ÏÏιÏ
ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏειÏοÏÎδεÏ. Το Amazon Swindle
+ÎÏει ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏειÏοÏÎÎ´ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± να αÏαιÏÎÏει
ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαδοÏιακÎÏ ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏν
+αναγνÏÏÏÏν να κάνοÏ
ν ÏÏάγμαÏα ÏÏÏÏ: να
δίνοÏ
ν Îνα βιβλίο Ïε κάÏοιον άλλον, ή
+να δανείζοÏ
ν Îνα βιβλίο Ïε κάÏοιον άλλον.
ÎÏ
Ïή είναι Î¼Î¯Î±Ï Î¶ÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏημαÏίαÏ
+κοινÏνική ÏÏάξη. ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏοÏ
ÏÏίζει μία
κοινÏνία ανάμεÏα ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï
+ÏοÏ
διαβάζοÏ
ν: ο δανειÏμÏÏ Î²Î¹Î²Î»Î¯Ïν. Î Amazon
δεν θÎλει ν' αÏήÏει ÏοÏ
Ï
+ανθÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î½Î± δανείζονÏαι βιβλία ελεÏθεÏα.
ÎÏειÏα, Ï
ÏάÏÏει και η δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα
+να ÏοÏ
λήÏεÏε Îνα βιβλίο, ίÏÏÏ Ï' Îνα
βιβλιοÏÏλείο μεÏαÏειÏιÏμÎνÏν. Îεν
+μÏοÏείÏε να Ïο κάνεÏε οÏÏε κι' αÏ
ÏÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îια λίγο, Îμοιαζε Ïαν να είÏαν
εξαÏανιÏθεί Ïα DRM αÏÏ Ïη μοÏ
Ïική, αλλά ÏÏÏα
+Ïο ξαναÏÎÏνοÏ
ν ÏίÏÏ Î¼Îµ ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏÎµÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοήÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Ïο Spotify. ÎÏ
ÏÎÏ
+οι Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±ÏαιÏοÏν ÏÎ»ÎµÏ Î¹Î´Î¹ÏκÏηÏα
λογιÏμικά ÏελάÏη, κι ο λÏÎ³Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ για
+να μÏοÏοÏν, με αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον ÏÏÏÏο, να βάλοÏ
ν
ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏειÏοÏÎÎ´ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏ
Ï
+ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. Îι' αÏ
ÏÏ, αÏοÏÏίÏÏε ÏεÏ! ÎÏÎδειξαν,
ήδη, αÏκεÏά ανοιÏÏά, ÏÏι δεν
+μÏοÏείÏε να ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ¼ÏιÏÏεÏ
θείÏε, διÏÏι
αÏÏικά είÏαν ÏÏι: “μÏοÏείÏε να
+ακοÏÏε ÏÏο θÎλεÏε”, και μεÏά, είÏαν ÏÏÏ:
“Ω, ÏÏι! ÎÏοÏείÏε μÏνο
+να ακοÏÏε Îναν ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνο αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÏÏÏν
ανά μήνα.” Το θÎμα δεν είναι
+καÏά ÏÏÏο αÏ
Ïή η ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη αλλαγή ήÏαν
κακή ή καλή, δίκαια ή άδικηΠÏο
+θÎμα είναι ÏÏι αÏ
Ïοί διαθÎÏοÏ
ν Ïη δÏναμη
να εÏιβάλλοÏ
ν οÏοιαδήÏοÏε αλλαγή
+ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏολιÏικÎÏ. ΣÏ
νεÏÏÏ, μην ÏοÏ
Ï
εÏιÏÏÎÏεÏε να ÎÏοÏ
ν αÏ
Ïή Ïη δÏναμη. Îα
+ÎÏÏεÏε να ÎÏεÏε <em>Ïο Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏαÏ</em> ανÏίγÏαÏο
ÏÎ·Ï Î¿ÏοιαÏδήÏοÏε μοÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
+θÎλεÏε να ακοÏÏεÏε.</p>
+
+<p>Îαι μεÏά ήÏθε η εÏÏμενη εÏίθεÏη ÏÏην ελεÏ
θεÏία μαÏ: Ïο HADOPI, δηλαδή,
+βαÏικά, η ÏιμÏÏία αμÎÏÏÏ Î¼Îµ Ïην καÏηγοÏία.
ÎÏÏιÏε ÏÏη Îαλλία, αλλά ÏÏÏα
+εξάγεÏαι και Ïε ÏολλÎÏ Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏÏεÏ. Îι
ÎνÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î Î¿Î»Î¹ÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÏα αÏαιÏοÏν
+ÏαÏÏÎ¼Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ Î¬Î´Î¹ÎºÎµÏ ÏολιÏικÎÏ ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νθήκεÏ
ελεÏθεÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎºÎ¼ÎµÏάλλεÏ
ÏηÏ. ÎίγοÏ
Ï
+Î¼Î®Î½ÎµÏ ÏÏιν, η Îολομβία Ï
ιοθÎÏηÏε Îναν
ÏÎÏοιο νÏμο καÏÏÏιν διαÏαγÏν αÏÏ Ï'
+αÏενÏικά ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏην ÎÏ
άÏιγκÏον. ÎÏÏαλÏÏ,
οÏÏε εκείνοι ÏÏην ÎÏ
άÏιγκÏον είναι
+Ïα αληθινά αÏενÏικά, είναι αÏλÏÏ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿Î¹
ÏοÏ
ελÎγÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÎνÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î Î¿Î»Î¹ÏείεÏ
+για λογαÏιαÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏ
ÏοκÏαÏοÏίαÏ. Îίναι,
ÏμÏÏ, κι εκείνοι ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏαγοÏεÏοÏ
ν
+εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÏÏην Îολομβία, για λογαÏιαÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏ
ÏοκÏαÏοÏίαÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏη Îαλλία, αÏÏ ÏÏÏε ÏοÏ
Ïο ΣÏ
νÏαγμαÏικÏ
ÎικαÏÏήÏιο ÎÏεÏε ανÏίθεÏη ÏÏην ÏαÏή
+εÏιβολή ÏιμÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏίÏ
δίκη, εÏινÏηÏαν Îνα ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï Î´Î¯ÎºÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
+δεν είναι αληθινή δίκη, ÏοÏ
είναι αÏλÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î±
μοÏÏή δίκηÏ, ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε να
+μÏοÏοÏν να <em>Ï
ÏοκÏίνονÏαι</em> ÏÏÏ Î¿ κÏÏμοÏ
ÏεÏνά αÏÏ Î´Î¯ÎºÎ· ÏÏιν
+καÏαδικαÏθεί. Σε Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏÏεÏ, ÏάνÏÏÏ, οÏÏε
καν ÏοÏ
ανηÏÏ
ÏοÏν με κάÏι ÏÎÏοια,
+είναι ÏαÏÎ®Ï ÏιμÏÏία με Ïην αÏλή καÏηγοÏία
μÏνο. Î Ïάγμα ÏοÏ
Ïημαίνει ÏÏι ÏÏοÏ
+ÏάÏιν ÏοÏ
ÏολÎμοÏ
ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ½Î±Î½Ïίον ÏοÏ
διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ, είναι διαÏεθειμÎνοι να
+καÏαÏγήÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ ÏηÏ
δικαιοÏÏνηÏ. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ¯Ïνει ÏÏÏο ÏλήÏÏÏ
+διάκεινÏαι ενάνÏια ÏÏην ελεÏ
θεÏία και Ïη
δικαιοÏÏνη. ÎÏ
ÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι νÏμιμεÏ
+κÏ
βεÏνήÏειÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îαι είμαι βÎÎ²Î±Î¹Î¿Ï ÏÏÏ Î¸Î± ÎÏθοÏ
ν με ακÏμη
Ïιο αÏαίÏÎ¹ÎµÏ Î¹Î´ÎεÏ, διÏÏι
+ÏληÏÏνονÏαι για να καÏανικοÏν Ïον κÏÏμο,
Ï,Ïι κι αν ÏÏειαÏθεί. ΤÏÏα, ÏÏαν Ïο
+κάνοÏ
ν αÏ
ÏÏ, λÎνε ÏάνÏοÏε ÏÏι είναι για Ïο
ÎºÎ±Î»Ï ÏÏν καλλιÏεÏνÏν, ÏÏι ÏÏÎÏει
+να “ÏÏοÏÏαÏεÏÏοÏ
ν” ÏοÏ
Ï “δημιοÏ
ÏγοÏÏ.” ΦÏ
Ïικά, αÏ
Ïοί
+είναι και οι δÏο ÏÏοι ÏÏοÏαγάνδαÏ. Îίμαι
ÏεÏειÏμÎÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏι ο λÏÎ³Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
Ï
+αÏÎÏει η λÎξη “δημιοÏ
Ïγοί” είναι
διÏÏι ÏÏÏκειÏαι για μία
+ÏÏγκÏιÏη με μία θεÏÏηÏα. ÎÎλοÏ
ν να
θεÏÏοÏμε ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ Ïαν
+Ï
ÏεÏ-ανθÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ Î¬Î¾Î¹Î¿Ï
Ï
ιδιαίÏεÏÏν ÏÏονομίÏν και εξοÏ
ÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÏάνÏ
+μαÏ, ÏÏάγμα με Ïο οÏοίο διαÏÏνÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏην ÏÏαγμαÏικÏÏηÏα, οι μÏνοι
καλλιÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
εÏÏÏελοÏνÏαι ÏάÏα ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î±ÏÏ
+αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα είναι οι μεγάλοι αÏÏÎÏεÏ.
Îι Ï
ÏÏλοιÏοι καλλιÏÎÏνεÏ
+ÏÏ
νÏÏίβονÏαι ÏÏο ÏÏμα, κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïα
ÏακοÏνια αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν ίδιÏν ÏÏν
+εÏιÏειÏήÏεÏν. ÎεÏαÏειÏίζονÏαι, ÏμÏÏ, ÏοÏ
Ï
αÏÏÎÏÎµÏ ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î¬, διÏÏι οι
+αÏÏÎÏÎµÏ Î±ÏκοÏν μεγάλη εÏιÏÏοή. Îν ÎναÏ
αÏÏÎÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏειλήÏει ÏÏι θα ÏÏγει Ïε
+άλλη εÏαιÏεία, η εÏαιÏεία λÎει: “Î!,
ενÏάξει, θα ÏοÏ
δÏÏοÏ
με αÏ
ÏÏ ÏοÏ
+θÎλειÏ.” Îλλά Ïε οÏοιονδήÏοÏε άλλον
καλλιÏÎÏνη λÎνε: “Îεν
+μεÏÏάÏ, μÏοÏοÏμε να Ïε μεÏαÏειÏιÏÏοÏμε
ÏÏÏÏ Î¸ÎλοÏ
με.”</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν, οι αÏÏÎÏÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν εκμαÏ
λιÏÏεί αÏÏ Ïα εκαÏομμÏÏια δολάÏια ή εÏ
ÏÏ
+ÏοÏ
ÏαίÏνοÏ
νε, Ïε Ïημείο ÏοÏ
θα Îκαναν
ÏÏεδÏν ο,ÏιδήÏοÏε για ÏαÏαÏάνÏ
+λεÏÏά. ΦεÏ' ειÏείν, η J. K. Rowling αÏοÏελεί Îνα
ÎºÎ±Î»Ï ÏαÏάδειγμα. Î
+J. K. Rowling, ÏÏιν λίγα ÏÏÏνια, Ïήγε Ïε
δικαÏÏήÏιο ÏÏον Îαναδά και ÏήÏε μία
+αÏÏÏαÏη ÏÏι οι άνθÏÏÏοι ÏοÏ
είÏαν αγοÏάÏει
Ïα βιβλία ÏÎ·Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ θα ÎÏÏεÏε να Ïα
+διαβάÏοÏ
ν. ΠήÏε μία αÏÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
Îλεγε ÏÏον
κÏÏμο να μη διαβάÏει Ïα βιβλία
+ÏηÏ!</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏίÏÏε Ïι ÏÏ
νÎβη: Îνα βιβλιοÏÏλείο
Îβγαλε Ïα βιβλία ÏÏη βιÏÏίνα ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î½ÏÏίÏ,
+ÏÏιν αÏÏ Ïην ημÎÏα καÏά Ïην οÏοία Ï
ÏοÏίθεÏαι ÏÏι θα δίνονÏαν ÏÏην
+κÏ
κλοÏοÏία. Îι ο κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎμÏαινε ÏÏο μαγαζί
και Îλεγε: “Ω!, Ïο θÎλÏ
+αÏ
ÏÏ!” και Ïο αγÏÏαÏαν και ÏήÏαν Ïα
ανÏίÏÏ
Ïα αÏ
Ïά μαζί ÏοÏ
Ï. ÎεÏά,
+ανακάλÏ
Ïαν Ïο Î»Î¬Î¸Î¿Ï ÎºÎ¹ Îβγαλαν Ïα ανÏίÏÏ
Ïα
αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î¹ÏÏίνεÏ. Îλλά η Rowling
+ήθελε να ÏÏ
νÏÏίÏει Ïην οÏοιαδήÏοÏε κÏ
κλοÏοÏία οÏοιαÏδήÏοÏε ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ
+εκείνα Ïα βιβλία, κι ÎÏÏι Ïήγε δικαÏÏικά,
και Ïο δικαÏÏήÏιο διÎÏαξε αÏ
ÏοÏÏ
+ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏα είÏαν ÏÏην καÏοÏή
ÏοÏ
Ï Ïα βιβλία, να μη Ïα
+διαβάÏοÏ
ν.</p>
+
+<p>Σε ανÏαÏάνÏηÏη, αÏεÏ
θÏÎ½Ï ÎκκληÏη για Îνα
Î¿Î»Î¹ÎºÏ Î¼ÏοÏκοÏάÏιÏμα ÏοÏ
Harry
+Potter. Îλλά δεν ÏÎ±Ï Î»ÎÏ ÏÏι δεν θα ÎÏÏεÏε να
διαβάÏεÏε αÏ
Ïά Ïα βιβλία ή να
+δείÏε αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαινίεÏ. ÎÎÏ Î¼Ïνον ÏÏι δεν
ÏÏÎÏει να αγοÏάÏεÏε Ïα βιβλία ή
+να ÏληÏÏÏεÏε για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαινίεÏ. [γÎλια ÏÏο
ακÏοαÏήÏιο] Το αÏÎ®Î½Ï ÏÏη Rowling να
+λÎει ÏÏον κÏÏμο να μη διαβάζει Ïα βιβλία.
Σε Ï,Ïι με αÏοÏά, αν δανειÏÏείÏε
+Ïο βιβλίο και Ïο διαβάÏεÏε, ÏÏÏε είναι
ενÏάξει. [γÎλια ÏÏο ακÏοαÏήÏιο] ÎÏλÏÏ
+μην ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¯Î½ÎµÏε καθÏλοÏ
λεÏÏά! Îλλά αÏ
ÏÏ ÏÏ
νÎβη με Ïην ÏάÏÏινη ÎκδοÏη ÏÏν
+βιβλίÏν. Το δικαÏÏήÏιο μÏοÏεί να εξÎδÏÏε αÏ
Ïή Ïη διαÏαγή, αλλά δεν μÏοÏοÏÏε
+να ξαναÏάÏει ÏίÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά Ïα βιβλία αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï
ανθÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
Ïα είÏαν
+αγοÏάÏει. ΦανÏαÏθείÏε αν εÏÏÏκειÏο για
ηλεκÏÏονικά βιβλία
+(ebooks). ΦανÏαÏθείÏε αν αÏ
Ïά ήÏαν ebooks ÏÏο Swindle.
Î Amazon θα μÏοÏοÏÏε
+να ÏÏείλει ενÏολÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïη διαγÏαÏή ÏοÏ
Ï.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν, δεν ÏÏÎÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏεβαÏμÏ
γι' αÏÏÎÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
θα Ïο ÏÏαβήξοÏ
ν
+ÏÏÏο ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î»ÎµÏÏά. Îλλά οι
ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοι καλλιÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι
+ÎÏÏι, δεν ÏήÏαν ÏοÏΠαÏκεÏά λεÏÏά για να
διαÏθαÏοÏν. ÎιÏÏι Ïο ÏÏÎÏον ÏÏÏÏημα
+ÏÏν ÏνεÏ
μαÏικÏν δικαιÏμάÏÏν Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζει
ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î¬ÏÏημα ÏοÏ
Ï ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοÏ
Ï
+καλλιÏÎÏνεÏ. Îαι, καÏά ÏÏ
νÎÏεια, ÏÏαν αÏ
ÏÎÏ
οι εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¶Î·ÏοÏν να
+εÏεκÏείνοÏ
ν Ïον ÏÏλεμο καÏά ÏοÏ
διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ, Ï
ÏοÏίθεÏαι ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏάÏιν ÏÏν
+καλλιÏεÏνÏν, είμαι ενανÏίον ÏÏν εÏιθÏ
μιÏν
ÏοÏ
Ï, αλλά θα ήθελα να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξÏ
+καλÏÏεÏα ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏνεÏ. ÎκÏÎ¹Î¼Ï Ïη δοÏ
λειά ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
νειδηÏοÏÎ¿Î¹Ï ÏÏÏ Î±Î½
+θÎλοÏ
με να ÏαÏάγοÏ
ν ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏα ÎÏγα, ÏÏÏε
θα ÏÏÎÏει να ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏηÏίξοÏ
με.</p>
+
+<h3 id="arts">Î¥ÏοÏÏήÏιξη ÏÏν ÏεÏνÏν</h3>
+
+<p>ÎÏÏ Î´Ïο ÏÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ÏÏÏ Î½Î± Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξοÏ
με ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏνεÏ, μεθÏδοÏ
Ï
ÏοÏ
+είναι ÏÏ
μβαÏÎÏ Î¼Îµ Ïον διαμοιÏαÏμÏ. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î¸Î±
Î¼Î±Ï ÎµÏÎÏÏεÏε να θÎÏοÏ
με ÏÎλοÏ
+ÏÏον ÏÏλεμο καÏά ÏοÏ
διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ, ενÏ
ÏαÏάλληλα να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζοÏ
με ÏοÏ
Ï
+καλλιÏÎÏνεÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Πμία μÎÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί Ïα λεÏÏά ÏηÏ
ÏοÏολογίαÏ. ÎιανÎμοÏ
με Îνα Ïμήμα ÏÏν
+δημοÏίÏν εÏÏδÏν ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏνεÏ. Îλλά,
ÏÏÏο θα ÏÏÎÏει να ÏάÏει ο κάθε
+καλλιÏÎÏνηÏ; Î ÏÎÏει να μεÏÏήÏοÏ
με Ïην
δημοÏικÏÏηÏα. Το ÏÏÎÏον ÏÏÏÏημα
+Ï
ÏοÏίθεÏαι ÏÏι ÏÏηÏίζει ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏνεÏ
βαÏιζÏμενο ÏÏη δημοÏικÏÏηÏά
+ÏοÏ
Ï. Îι' αÏ
ÏÏ ÎºÎ¹ ÎµÎ³Ï Î»ÎÏ Î±Ï Ïο κÏαÏήÏοÏ
με αÏ
ÏÏ, Î±Ï ÏÏ
νεÏίÏοÏ
με αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο
+ÏÏÏÏημα ÏοÏ
βαÏίζεÏαι ÏÏη δημοÏικÏÏηÏα.
ÎÏοÏοÏμε να μεÏÏάμε Ïην δημοÏικÏÏηÏα
+ÏλÏν ÏÏν καλλιÏεÏνÏν μ' Îνα είδοÏ
ÏηÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î® δειγμαÏολογίοÏ
, οÏÏÏÏ ÏÏÏε να
+μη ÏÏειαζÏμαÏÏε να κάνοÏ
με εÏιÏήÏηÏη.
ÎÏοÏοÏμε να ÏεβÏμαÏÏε Ïην ανÏνÏ
μία ÏοÏ
+κÏÏμοÏ
.</p>
+
+<p>ΠαίÏνοÏ
με, ÎÏÏι, μία ÏονδÏοειδή
αÏιθμηÏική Îνδειξη για Ïη δημοÏικÏÏηÏα ÏοÏ
+κάθε καλλιÏÎÏνη. Î ÏÏ Î¸Î± Ïο μεÏαÏÏÎÏοÏ
με αÏ
ÏÏ Ï' Îνα ÏοÏÏ ÏÏημάÏÏν; Î
+ÏÏοÏÎ±Î½Î®Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹: καÏανÎμονÏÎ±Ï Ïα
ÏÏήμαÏα αναλÏγÏÏ ÏηÏ
+δημοÏικÏÏηÏαÏ. ÎÏÏι, αν ο A είναι ÏίλιεÏ
ÏοÏÎÏ Ïιο δημοÏÎ¹Î»Î®Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïον B, ÏÏÏε
+ο A θα ÏάÏει ÏÎ¯Î»Î¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏÎÏ ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏήμαÏα
αÏ' ÏÏι ο B. ÎÏ
ÏÏ, ÏμÏÏ, δε
+ÏÏ
νιÏÏά αÏοÏελεÏμαÏική καÏανομή ÏÏημάÏÏν.
Îεν γίνεÏαι καλή ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν
+ÏÏημάÏÏν. Îίναι εÏκολο για Îνα αÏÏÎÏα A να
είναι ÏÎ¯Î»Î¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏÎÏ Ïιο δημοÏιλήÏ
+αÏÏ Îναν ÏÏεÏικά εÏιÏÏ
ÏημÎνο καλλιÏÎÏνη B.
Îν ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏοÏ
με Ïη γÏαμμική
+αναλογία, θα δÏÏοÏ
με ÏÏον A ÏιλιαÏλάÏιο
ÏοÏÏ ÏÏημάÏÏν αÏ' ÏÏα θα δÏÏοÏ
με
+ÏÏον B. Îι αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει ÏÏι, είÏε ÏÏÎÏει να
κάνοÏ
με Ïον A ÏÏομεÏά ÏλοÏÏιο,
+είÏε ÏÏι δεν Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζοÏ
με αÏκεÏά Ïον B.</p>
+
+<p>Τα ÏÏήμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμε για να
κάνοÏ
με ÏÏομεÏά ÏλοÏÏιο Ïον A
+αÏοÏÏ
γÏάνοÏ
ν να εÏιÏελÎÏοÏ
ν
αÏοÏελεÏμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎÏγο για Ïην Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη ÏÏν
+ÏεÏνÏν. ÎÏα, είναι αναÏοÏελεÏμαÏικά. ÎγÏ,
λοιÏÏν λÎÏ: Î±Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏοÏ
με
+Ïην κÏ
βική Ïίζα. ΠκÏ
βική Ïίζα μοιάζει
κάÏÏÏ ÎÏÏι. Το θÎμα είναι: αν ο A
+είναι ÏÎ¯Î»Î¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏÎÏ Ïιο δημοÏÎ¹Î»Î®Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïον B,
με Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÏ
Î²Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏίζαÏ
+ο A θα ÏάÏει δÎκα ÏοÏÎÏ ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïον B,
ÏÏι ÏÎ¯Î»Î¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏÎÏ ÏαÏαÏάνÏ, αÏλÏÏ
+δÎκα ÏοÏÎÏ ÏαÏαÏάνÏ. Î ÏÏήÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÏ
βικήÏ
ÏÎ¯Î¶Î±Ï Î¼ÎµÏαÏÎÏει Ïολλά λεÏÏά αÏÏ
+ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏÎÏÎµÏ ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎÏÏιαÏ
δημοÏικÏÏηÏαÏ. Îι αÏ
ÏÏ Ïημαίνει, ÏÏι
+με λιγÏÏεÏα ÏÏήμαÏα μÏοÏοÏμε να ÏÏηÏίξοÏ
με καÏάλληλα Îναν ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³Î±Î»ÏÏεÏο
+αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏεÏνÏν.</p>
+
+<p>Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν δÏο λÏγοι γιαÏί αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα
θα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏÏε λιγÏÏεÏα ÏÏήμαÏα
+αÏÏ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î± ÏοÏ
ÏληÏÏνοÏ
με ÏÏÏα. Î ÏÏÏα αÏÏ
Ïλα διÏÏι θα Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιζε
+καλλιÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏι εÏαιÏείεÏ, δεÏÏεÏον
διÏÏι θα μεÏÎÏεÏε Ïα λεÏÏά αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï
+αÏÏÎÏÎµÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎÏÏιαÏ
δημοÏικÏÏηÏαÏ. ΤÏÏα, θα ÏαÏÎμενε
+ÏÏαθεÏÏ Ïο ÏÏι ÏÏο Ïιο δημοÏÎ¹Î»Î®Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïαι,
ÏÏÏο ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏα λεÏÏά
+ÏαίÏνειÏ. ÎÏÏι, ο αÏÏÎÏÎ±Ï A θα ÏÏ
νεÏίÏει να
ÏαίÏνει ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïον B, αλλά
+ÏÏι αÏÏÏονομικά ÏαÏαÏάνÏ.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
Ïή είναι μία μÎθοδοÏ, και αÏÎ¿Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ θα
ÏÏÏκειÏαι για ÏÏÏο Ïολλά λεÏÏά, δεν
+θα ÎÏει και ÏÏÏο Ïολλή ÏημαÏία Ïο ÏÏÏ
ÏαίÏνοÏ
με Ïα λεÏÏά. Îα μÏοÏοÏÏε να
+είναι αÏÏ Îναν ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο για Ïη ÏÏ
νδεÏιμÏÏηÏα ÏÏο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο, θα μÏοÏοÏÏε
+αÏλÏÏ Î½Î± είναι Îνα Ïμήμα αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
γενικοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏολογιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏοβλÎÏεÏαι
+για Ïον ÏκοÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ. Îεν θα Î¼Î±Ï Î½Î¿Î¹Î¬Î¶ÎµÎ¹,
διÏÏι δε θα ÏÏÏκειÏαι για ÏÏÏο Ïολλά
+λεÏÏάΠÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î»Î¹Î³ÏÏεÏα αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά ÏοÏ
ÏληÏÏνοÏ
με ÏÏÏα.</p>
+
+<p>Πάλλη μÎÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏÏεινα είναι οι
εθελονÏικÎÏ ÏληÏÏμÎÏ. ÎÏ Ï
ÏοθÎÏοÏ
με ÏÏι
+ο κάθε player διÎθεÏε Îνα κοÏ
μÏί ÏοÏ
θα
μÏοÏοÏÏαÏε να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏε για να
+ÏÏείλεÏε Îνα εÏ
ÏÏ. Πολλοί άνθÏÏÏοι θα Ïο
ÏÏÎλνανε, Ïε ÏελεÏ
Ïαία ανάλÏ
Ïη δεν
+ÏÏÏκειÏαι Ïια και για ÏÏÏο μεγάλο ÏοÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν. ΠιÏÏεÏÏ ÏÏÏ Ïολλοί αÏÏ ÎµÏάÏ
+μÏοÏεί και να ÏαÏοÏÏαÏε αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο κοÏ
μÏί
καθημεÏινά, για να δÏÏεÏε Îνα εÏ
ÏÏ Ïε
+κάÏοιον καλλιÏÎÏνη ο οÏÎ¿Î¯Î¿Ï Îκανε Îνα ÎÏγο
ÏοÏ
ÏÎ±Ï Î¬ÏεÏε. Îλλά ÏίÏοÏε, ÏμÏÏ,
+δεν θα Ïο αÏαιÏοÏÏε αÏ
ÏÏ, δεν θα ήÏαÏÏαν Ï
ÏοÏÏεÏμÎνοι ή διαÏαγμÎνοι ή
+ÏιεÏμÎνοι να ÏÏείλεÏε Ïα λεÏÏάΠθα Ïο
κάναÏε διÏÏι ÎÏÏι νοιÏÏαÏε. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
+,ÏμÏÏ, μεÏικοί άνθÏÏÏοι ÏοÏ
δεν θα Ïο
Îκαναν, διÏÏι είναι ÏÏÏÏοί και δεν θα
+μÏοÏοÏÏαν να ανÏÎξοÏ
ν να δÏÏοÏ
ν Îνα ÎÏ
ÏÏ.
Îαι είναι ÎºÎ±Î»Ï ÏοÏ
δεν θα Ïο
+δÏÏοÏ
ν, δεν ÏÏÎÏει να ξεζοÏ
μίζοÏ
με λεÏÏά
αÏÏ ÏÏÏÏοÏÏ Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î³Î¹Î± να
+ÏÏηÏίζοÏ
με ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏνεÏ. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
αÏκεÏοί μη-ÏÏÏÏοί άνθÏÏÏοι ÏοÏ
θα
+είναι εÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± Ïο ÏÏάξοÏ
ν. ÎιαÏί να μη
δίναÏε Îνα εÏ
ÏÏ Ïε κάÏοιοÏ
Ï
+καλλιÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ ÏήμεÏα, αν εκÏιμάÏε Ïη δοÏ
λειά
ÏοÏ
Ï; Îίναι ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î¬Î²Î¿Î»Î¿ να ÏοÏ
Ï Ïο
+δÏÏεÏε. ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν, η ÏÏÏÏαÏή μοÏ
είναι να
αÏαλείÏοÏ
με αÏ
Ïή Ïην
+ενÏÏληÏη. Îν ο μÏÎ½Î¿Ï Î»ÏÎ³Î¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± να μη δÏÏεÏε
αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο εÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ [ÏÏι] θα
+είÏαÏε Îνα εÏ
ÏÏ Î»Î¹Î³ÏÏεÏο, θα Ïο κάναÏε
αÏκεÏά ÏÏ
Ïνά.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν, αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ οι δÏο
ÏÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼Î¿Ï
για Ïο ÏÏÏ Î½Î± ÏÏηÏίξοÏ
με ÏοÏ
Ï
+καλλιÏÎÏνεÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï ÏαÏάλληλα να ενθαÏÏÏνοÏ
με Ïον διαμοιÏαÏμÏ, διÏÏι Ïο να
+μοιÏάζεÏαι είναι καλÏ. ÎÏ Î¸ÎÏοÏ
με Îνα
ÏÎÏμα ÏÏον ÏÏλεμο καÏά ÏοÏ
+διαμοιÏαÏμοÏ, ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î½ÏμοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏοÏ
DADVSI και
HADOPI. Îεν είναι μÏνο οι
+μÎθοδοι ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏείνοÏ
ν ÏαÏανικÎÏ, ο ÏκοÏÏÏ
ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏαÏανικÏÏ. Îι' αÏ
ÏÏ
+και ÏÏοÏείνοÏ
ν ÏκληÏά και δÏακÏνÏεια
μÎÏÏα. Î ÏοÏÏαθοÏν να κάνοÏ
ν κάÏι ÏοÏ
+είναι αÏαίÏιο εκ ÏÏÏεÏÏ. ÎÏ Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξοÏ
με,
λοιÏÏν, ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼Îµ
+άλλοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï.</p>
+
+<h3 id="rights">ÎικαιÏμαÏα ÏÏον κÏ
βεÏνοÏÏÏο</h3>
+
+<p>Î ÏελεÏ
Ïαία αÏειλή καÏά ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏίαÏ
Î¼Î±Ï ÏÏην ÏηÏιακή κοινÏνία είναι Ïο
+γεγονÏÏ ÏÏι δεν ÎÏοÏ
με Îνα ÏÏαθεÏÏ
δικαίÏμα να κάνοÏ
με αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
κάνοÏ
με,
+ÏÏον κÏ
βεÏνοÏÏÏο. ΣÏον ÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎºÏÏμο, αν
ÎÏεÏε κάÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ θÎλεÏε να
+δÏÏεÏε ÏÏον κÏÏμο ανÏίÏÏ
Ïα ενÏÏ ÎºÎµÎ¹Î¼ÎνοÏ
ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζει αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏÏειÏ,
+είÏÏε ελεÏθεÏοι να Ïο ÏÏάξεÏε. Îα
μÏοÏοÏÏαÏε ακÏμη και να αγοÏάÏεÏε Îναν
+εκÏÏ
ÏÏÏή για να Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏÏεÏε, και είÏÏε
ελεÏθεÏοι να Ïα διανείμεÏε ÏÏον
+δÏÏμο, ή είÏÏε ελεÏθεÏοι να νοικιάÏεÏε Îνα
μαγαζί και να Ïα διανÎμεÏε αÏÏ
+εκεί. Îν θÎλεÏε να μαζÎÏεÏε λεÏÏά για να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξεÏε Ïον αγÏνα ÏαÏ,
+μÏοÏείÏε αÏλÏÏ Î½Î± βγάλεÏε Îνα κοÏ
Ïάκι κι ο
κÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏε να βάζει εκεί
+μÎÏα λεÏÏά. Îεν ÏÏειάζεÏαι να ÏάÏεÏε άδεια
αÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î½Îναν, οÏÏε και ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏία
+για να κάνεÏε αÏ
Ïά Ïα ÏÏάγμαÏα.</p>
+
+<p>ΣÏο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο, ÏμÏÏ, <em>Ïα ÏÏειάζεÏÏε</em> αÏ
Ïά. Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα, αν θÎλεÏε
+να διανείμεÏε Îνα κείμενο ÏÏο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο,
ÏÏειάζεÏÏε εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ Î½Î± ÏαÏ
+βοηθήÏοÏ
ν να Ïο κάνεÏε. Îεν μÏοÏείÏε να Ïο
κάνεÏε μÏνοι ÏαÏ. ÎÏÏι, λοιÏÏν,
+αν θÎλεÏε να ÎÏεÏε Îναν ιÏÏÏÏοÏο,
ÏÏειάζεÏÏε Ïην Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη ενÏÏ ISP ή μιαÏ
+εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
να ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει Ïιλοξενία και
ÏÏειάζεÏÏε Îναν ληξίαÏÏο ονÏμαÏοÏ
+ÏομÎα<sup><a href="#TransNote8">[8]</a></sup>. ΤοÏ
Ï
ÏÏειάζεÏÏε για να
+ÏÏ
νεÏίÏοÏ
ν να ÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏήνοÏ
ν να κάνεÏε αÏ
ÏÏ
ÏοÏ
κάνεÏε. ÎÏα, λοιÏÏν, ÏÏην
+ÏÏαγμαÏικÏÏηÏα Ïο κάνεÏε καÏ' ανοÏή, και
ÏÏι εκ δικαιÏμαÏοÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îι αν θÎλεÏε να λάβεÏε ÏÏήμαÏα, δεν
μÏοÏείÏε αÏλÏÏ Î½Î± κÏαÏάÏε Îνα
+κοÏ
Ïάκι. ΧÏειάζεÏÏε Ïη ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏία μίαÏ
εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±ÏÎ±Î²Î¿Î»Î®Ï ÏληÏÏμÏν. Îαι
+είδαμε ÏÏι αÏ
ÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¸Î¹ÏÏά ÏÎ»ÎµÏ Î¼Î±Ï ÏιÏ
ÏηÏιακÎÏ Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÏ
άλÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏην
+καÏαÏÏολή. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Ïο μάθαμε ÏÏαν η κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη
ÏÏν ÎνÏμÎνÏν ΠολιÏειÏν εξαÏÎλÏ
Ïε
+μία “καÏανεμημÎνη εÏίθεÏη άÏνηÏÎ·Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏίαϔ<sup><a
+href="#TransNote9">[9]</a></sup> [DDoS] καÏά ÏοÏ
WikiLeaks. ΤÏÏα,
+αÏÏειεÏομαι λίγο, διÏÏι οι λÎξειÏ
“καÏανεμημÎνη εÏίθεÏη άÏνηÏηÏ
+Ï
ÏηÏεÏίαϔ αναÏÎÏονÏαι ÏÏ
νήθÏÏ Ïε μία
διαÏοÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï
Ï
+εÏίθεÏη. Îλλά ÏαιÏιάζοÏ
ν αÏÏλÏ
Ïα με αÏ
ÏÏ
ÏοÏ
Îκαναν οι ÎνÏμÎνεÏ
+ΠολιÏείεÏ. Îι ÎνÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î Î¿Î»Î¹ÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±ÏεÏ
θÏνθηκαν Ïε διάÏοÏα είδη διαδικÏÏ
ακÏν
+Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¿ÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Ïο WikiLeaks
εξαÏÏιÏÏαν και ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïαν να κÏÏοÏ
ν
+ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο WikiLeaks. Îι
εκείνοι Ïο Îκαναν!</p>
+
+<p>Îια ÏαÏάδειγμα, Ïο WikiLeaks είÏε νοικιάÏει
Îνα ÎµÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Î¼Î¹ÏÏή Amazon,
+και η κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη ÏÏν ÎΠΠείÏε ÏÏο Amazon:
“ÎÏÏÏε ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο
+WikiLeaks.” Îαι Ïο Îκανε, αÏ
θαίÏεÏα. Îαι, ÏÏη
ÏÏ
νÎÏεια, Ïο Amazon
+διÎθεÏε κάÏοια ονÏμαÏα ÏομÎα ÏÏÏÏ Ïο
wikileaks.org, ÏοÏ
η κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη ÏÏν ÎÎ Î
+ÏÏοÏÏάθηÏε να Ïα κλείÏει Ïλα. Îλλά δεν Ïο
ÏÎÏÏ
Ïε, διÏÏι κάÏοια αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά
+βÏιÏκÏÏαν εκÏÏÏ ÏοÏ
Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»ÎγÏοÏ
και
δεν ÎκλειÏαν.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏειÏα, Ï
ÏήÏÏαν κι οι εÏαιÏείεÏ
καÏÎ±Î²Î¿Î»Î®Ï ÏληÏÏμÏν. Îι ÎΠΠαÏεÏ
θÏνθηκαν ÏÏο
+PayPal και είÏανε: “ΣÏαμαÏείÏÏε Ïην
μεÏαÏοÏά ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο
+WikiLeaks, διαÏοÏεÏικά θα ÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ¬Î½Î¿Ï
με Ïη ζÏή
δÏÏκολη.” Îαι Ïο PayPal
+διÎκοÏε ÏÎ¹Ï ÏληÏÏμÎÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο WikiLeaks. Îαι
μεÏά Ïήγαν ÏÏη Visa και Ïην
+Mastercard και ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏοÏÏÎÏÏαν να διακÏÏοÏ
ν ÏιÏ
ÏληÏÏμÎÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο WikiLeaks.
+Îλλοι άÏÏιÏαν να μαζεÏοÏ
ν λεÏÏά για
λογαÏιαÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
WikiLeaks και κλείÏανε
+και ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿ÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î±ÏιαÏμοÏÏ. Îλλά Ïε
αÏ
Ïή Ïην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη, ίÏÏÏ Î¼ÏοÏεί
+κάÏι να γίνει. Î¥ÏάÏÏει μία εÏαιÏεία ÏÏην
ÎÏλανδία, η οÏοία άÏÏιÏε να
+μαζεÏει λεÏÏά για λογαÏιαÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
WikiLeaks, κι
ÎÏÏι η Visa και η Mastercard
+ÎκλειÏαν Ïο λογαÏιαÏÎ¼Ï ÏηÏ. Îεν μÏοÏοÏÏε
ÏλÎον να δεÏθεί ÏÏήμαÏα οÏÏε αÏÏ
+ÏοÏ
Ï Î¯Î´Î¹Î¿Ï
Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
Ï ÏελάÏεÏ. ΤÏÏα, βÎβαια,
εκείνη η εÏαιÏεία μηνÏει, αÏ'
+ÏÏι ÏαίνεÏαι, Ïη Visa και Ïην Mastercard, ÏÏα
ÏλαίÏια ÏοÏ
νÏμοÏ
ÏηÏ
+ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαÏÎºÎ®Ï ÎνÏÏηÏ, διÏÏι η Visa και η Mastercard
μαζί ÎÏοÏ
ν Îνα
+ÏÏεδÏν-μονοÏÏλιο. Îεν ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÏιÏÏÎÏεÏαι να
αÏνοÏνÏαι αÏ
θαίÏεÏα ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏίεÏ
+ÏοÏ
Ï Ïε κανÎναν.</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹, λοιÏÏν, Îνα ÏαÏάδειγμα για Ïο
ÏÏÏ ÏÏÎÏει να είναι Ïα ÏÏάγμαÏα
+για Ïλα Ïα είδη Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμε ÏÏο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο. Îν είÏαÏε
+νοικιάÏει Îνα μαγαζί για να μοιÏάζεÏε
δηλÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏεÏικά με ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏαÏ, ή
+και οÏοιοδήÏοÏε άλλο ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
μÏοÏείÏε νομίμÏÏ Î½Î± διανÎμεÏε, ο
+ιδιοκÏήÏÎ·Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ θα μÏοÏοÏÏε να ÏÎ±Ï ÏεÏάξει
ÎξÏ, αÏλÏÏ ÎµÏειδή δεν ÏοÏ
άÏεÏαν
+αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
λÎÏε. ÎÏÏÏον ÏÏ
νεÏίζεÏε να
ÏληÏÏνεÏε Ïο ενοίκιο, ÎÏεÏε Ïο δικαίÏμα
+να ÏÏ
νεÏίζεÏε Ïε εκείνο Ïο μαγαζί, για Ïλη
Ïην ÏÏοÏÏ
μÏÏνηθείÏα, βάÏει
+ÏÏ
μβολαίοÏ
, ÏÏονική ÏεÏίοδο. ÎÏεÏε, λοιÏÏν,
κάÏοια δικαιÏμαÏα Ïα οÏοία
+μÏοÏείÏε να αÏκήÏεÏε. ÎÏÏε θα μÏοÏοÏÏαν να
ÏÎ±Ï ÎºÏÏοÏ
ν Ïο ÏηλÎÏÏνο διÏÏι ÏÏην
+ÏηλεÏÏνική εÏαιÏεία δεν αÏÎÏοÏ
ν αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
λÎÏε, ή εÏειδή Ïε κάÏοια ÏανίÏÏÏ
Ïη
+ονÏÏÏηÏα δεν άÏεÏαν αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
είÏαÏε και
αÏείληÏε Ïην ÏηλεÏÏνική
+εÏαιÏεία. ÎÏι! ÎÏÏÏον ÏληÏÏνεÏε ÏοÏ
Ï
λογαÏιαÏμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ï
ÏακοÏÏε Ïε κάÏοιοÏ
Ï
+βαÏικοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î½ÏνεÏ, δεν μÏοÏοÏν να ÏÎ±Ï ÎºÏÏοÏ
ν Ïην ÏηλεÏÏνική γÏαμμή. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î¸Î±
+Ïει να ÎÏει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Î¼ÎµÏικά δικαιÏμαÏα!</p>
+
+<p>Îν, ÏμÏÏ, μεÏαÏÎÏοÏ
με ÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎÏ
Î¼Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïον ÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎºÏÏμο ÏÏον
+ÎµÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÏÏμο, ÏÏÏε, είÏε διαÏηÏοÏμε Ïα
ίδια δικαιÏμαÏα και ÏÏον εικονικÏ
+κÏÏμο, ή διαÏοÏεÏικά, ÎÏοÏ
με Ï
ÏοÏÏεί ζημία.
ÎÏÏι, η αβεβαιÏÏηÏα ÏλÏν Î¼Î±Ï ÏÏν
+ÎιαδικÏÏ
ακÏν δÏαÏÏηÏιοÏήÏÏν αÏοÏελεί Ïην
ÏελεÏ
Ïαία αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏειλÎÏ ÏÏιÏ
+οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î®Î¸ÎµÎ»Î± να αναÏεÏθÏ.</p>
+
+<p>Îα ήθελα, ÏÏÏα, να ÏÏ ÏÏι για ÏαÏαÏάνÏ
ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο ελεÏθεÏο
+λογιÏμικÏ, κοιÏάξÏε ÏÏο gnu.org. ÎοιÏάξÏε,
εÏίÏηÏ, ÏÏο fsf.org, ÏοÏ
είναι ο
+ιÏÏÏÏοÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎδÏÏμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎλεÏθεÏοÏ
ÎογιÏμικοÏ. ÎÏοÏείÏε να Ïο εÏιÏκεÏθείÏε
+και να βÏείÏε ÏολλοÏÏ ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ ÏοÏ
Ï
οÏοίοÏ
Ï Î¼ÏοÏείÏε να Î¼Î±Ï Î²Î¿Î·Î¸Î®ÏεÏε, για
+ÏαÏάδειγμα. ÎÏοÏείÏε, εÏίÏηÏ, να γίνεÏε και
μÎÎ»Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎδÏÏμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎλεÏθεÏοÏ
+ÎογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¼ÎÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ιÏÏÏÏοÏοÏ
. […]
Î¥ÏάÏÏει εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο
+ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαÏÎºÏ ÎδÏÏ
μα ÎλεÏθεÏοÏ
ÎογιÏμικοÏ,
ÏÏο fsfe.org. ÎÏοÏείÏε εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î½Î±
+γίνεÏε μÎλη ÏÏο FSF Europe. […]</p>
+
+
+<div style="font-size: small;">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+<b>ΣημειÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
μεÏαÏÏαÏÏή</b>:
+<ol>
+<li id="TransNote1">ΠελληνικÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹
+“ÏηλÎÏÏνο-καÏάÏκοÏοϔ.
ΧÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι ÏμÏÏ
+ ο ÏÎ·Î³Î±Î¯Î¿Ï ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏο κείμενο για να αÏοδοθεί
καλÏÏεÏα η ανÏίθεÏη ÏοÏ
γίνεÏαι
+ÏÏο ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνο Ïημείο.</li>
+<li id="TransNote2">Î ÏοÏιμήθηκε η ÏλήÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏδοÏη
ÏοÏ
ÏηγαίοÏ
ÏÏοÏ
ISPs.</li>
+<li id="TransNote3">Î ÏÎ·Î³Î±Î¯Î¿Ï ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ “Digital
Restrictions
+Management”Πκι αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏν Ïηγάζει Ïο
ακÏÏνÏμιο “DRM” ÏοÏ
+ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι ÏÏ ÎÏει ÏÏο κείμενο.</li>
+<li id="TransNote4">ÎεÏάÏÏαÏη—η οÏοία
ÏεÏιÎÏεÏαι μÎÏα ÏÏο ÏÏο Ïηγαίο
+κείμενο—ÏÏα γαλλικά ÏοÏ
ÏηγαίοÏ
ÏÏοÏ
digital handcuffs.</li>
+<li id="TransNote5">ÎεÏάÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
ÏηγαίοÏ
ÏÏοÏ
backdoor.</li>
+<li id="TransNote6">Îε Ïον ÏÏο αÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ½Î½Î¿ÎµÎ¯Ïαι ÎÎ½Î±Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
ελÎγÏεÏαι
+αÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Ïοιον ÏÏίÏο κι ÏÏι Ïον ÏÏήÏÏη ÏοÏ
,
ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î¿ ÏελεÏ
ÏÎ±Î¯Î¿Ï Î½Î± Ïο
+γνÏÏίζει.</li>
+<li id="TransNote7">Î ÏÎ·Î³Î±Î¯Î¿Ï ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ “Digital
Millennium Copyright
+Act”Πκι αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏν Ïηγάζει Ïο ακÏÏνÏμιο
“DMCA” ÏοÏ
+ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι ÏÏ ÎÏει ÏÏο κείμενο.</li>
+<li id="TransNote8">ÎεÏάÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
ÏηγαίοÏ
ÏÏοÏ
domain
name.</li>
+<li id="TransNote9">Î ÏÎ·Î³Î±Î¯Î¿Ï ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ “distributed
denial of
+service attack”Πκι αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏν Ïηγάζει Ïο
ακÏÏνÏμιο “DDoS”
+ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι ÏÏ ÎÏει ÏÏο κείμενο.</li>
+</ol> </div>
+</div>
+
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.el.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>ΠαÏακαλοÏμε ÏÏείλÏε εÏÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïα ÎÎÎ
& GNU ÏÏο <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
εÏίÏÎ·Ï <a
+href="/contact/">άλλοι ÏÏÏÏοι για να
εÏικοινÏνήÏεÏε</a> με Ïο ÎÎÎ.<br />
+ΠαÏακαλοÏμε ÏÏείλÏε ανενεÏγοÏÏ ÏÏ
νδÎÏμοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î¿ÏθÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î® ÏÏοÏάÏειÏ
+ÏÏο <a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p>ΠαÏακαλοÏμε δείÏε Ïο <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">ÎεÏαÏÏάÏειÏ
README</a> για
+ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο ÏÏ
νÏονιÏÎ¼Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹
Ïην Ï
Ïοβολή μεÏαÏÏάÏεÏν αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
+άÏθÏοÏ
.</p>
+
+<p>ΠνεÏ
μαÏικά δικαιÏμαÏα © 2011 Richard Stallman</p>
+
+<p>ÎÏ
Ïή η Ïελίδα διαÏίθεÏαι Ï
ÏÏ Ïην άδεια: <a
rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative Commons
+Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="translators-credits">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
+<p><strong>ÎÏÏική μεÏάÏÏαÏη ÏÏα ελληνικά:</strong> <a
+href="http://savannah.gnu.org/users/ksmus">ÎÏÏÏÎ±Ï ÎοÏ
ÏαÏείÏηÏ</a> (2011)
+<br/>ΣÏ
νÏήÏηÏη / εÏικαιÏοÏοίηÏη: <a
+href="http://savannah.gnu.org/users/gzarkadas">ÎεÏÏÎ³Î¹Î¿Ï Î.
ÎαÏκάδαÏ</a>
+(2012)
+</p></div>
+
+
+ <p><!-- timestamp start -->
+ÎνημεÏÏθηκε:
+
+$Date: 2012/04/26 08:27:51 $
+
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
Index: po/free-digital-society.el-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/free-digital-society.el-en.html
diff -N po/free-digital-society.el-en.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/free-digital-society.el-en.html 26 Apr 2012 08:27:58 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,1086 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.61 -->
+
+<title>A Free Digital Society - What Makes Digital Inclusion Good or
+Bad? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+ <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-digital-society.translist" -->
+
+<h2>A Free Digital Society - What Makes Digital Inclusion Good or Bad?</h2>
+
+<p class="center"> <em>Transcription of a lecture by Richard M. Stallman<br />
+at Sciences Po in Paris, October 19, 2011.</em></p>
+
+<p>(A <a
href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/stallman-sciencespo-freesociety.webm">
+video</a> of this lecture is available.)</p>
+
+<p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="#intro">Introduction</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#surveillance">Surveillance</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#censorship">Censorship</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#formats">Restricted data formats</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#proprietary">Software that isn't free</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#four-freedoms">The four freedoms of free software</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#gnu">The GNU Project and the Free Software movement</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#education">Free software and education</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#services">Internet services</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#voting">Computers for voting</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#sharing">The war on sharing</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#arts">Supporting the arts</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#rights">Rights in cyberspace</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="intro">Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>Projects with the goal of digital inclusion are making a big
+assumption. They are assuming that participating in a digital society
+is good, but that's not necessarily true. Being in a digital society
+can be good or bad, depending on whether that digital society is just
+or unjust. There are many ways in which our freedom is being attacked
+by digital technology. Digital technology can make things worse, and it
+will, unless we fight to prevent it.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, if we have an unjust digital society, we should cancel
+these projects for digital inclusion and launch projects for digital
+extraction. We have to extract people from digital society if it doesn't
+respect their freedom, or we have to make it respect their freedom.</p>
+
+<h3 id="surveillance">Surveillance</h3>
+
+<p>What are the threats? First, surveillance. Computers are Stalin's
+dream: they are ideal tools for surveillance, because anything we do
+with computers, the computers can record. They can record the
+information in a perfectly indexed searchable form in a central
+database, ideal for any tyrant who wants to crush opposition.</p>
+
+<p>Surveillance is sometimes done with our own computers. For instance,
+if you have a computer that's running Microsoft Windows, that system is
+doing surveillance. There are features in Windows that send data to some
+server, data about the use of the computer. A surveillance feature was
+discovered in the iPhone a few months ago, and people started calling it
+the “spy-phone.” Flash player has a surveillance feature
+too, and so does the Amazon “Swindle.” They call it the
+Kindle, but I call it “the Swindle,” <em>l'escroc</em>,
+because it's meant to swindle users out of their freedom. It makes
+people identify themselves whenever they buy a book, and that means
+Amazon has a giant list of all the books each user has read. Such a list
+must not exist anywhere.</p>
+
+<p>Most portable phones will transmit their location, computed using
+GPS, on remote command. The phone company is accumulating a giant list
+of places that the user has been. A German MP in the Green Party
+[correction: Malte Spitz is on the staff of the Green Party, not an
+elected official] asked the phone company to give him the data it had
+about where he was. He had to sue, he had to go to court to get this
+information. And when he got it, he received forty-four thousand
+location points for a period of six months! That's more than two hundred
+per day! What that means is someone could form a very good picture of
+his activities just by looking at that data.</p>
+
+<p>We can stop our own computers from doing surveillance on us
+if <em>we</em> have control of the software that they run. But the
+software these people are running, they don't have control over. It's
+nonfree software, and that's why it has malicious features such as
+surveillance. However, the surveillance is not always done with our own
+computers, it's also done at one remove. For instance ISPs in Europe
+are required to keep data about the user's Internet communications for
+a long time, in case the State decides to investigate that person later
+for whatever imaginable reason.</p>
+
+<p>With a portable phone… even if you can stop the phone from
+transmitting your GPS location, the system can determine the phone's
+location approximately, by comparing the time when the signals arrive at
+different towers. So the phone system can do surveillance even without
+special cooperation from the phone itself.</p>
+
+<p>Likewise, the bicycles that people rent in Paris. Of course the
+system knows where you get the bicycle and it knows where you return the
+bicycle, and I've heard reports that it tracks the bicycles as they are
+moving around as well. So they are not something we can really trust.</p>
+
+<p>But there are also systems that have nothing to do with us that exist
+only for tracking. For instance, in the UK all car travel is monitored.
+Every car's movements are being recorded in real time and can be tracked
+by the State in real time. This is done with cameras on the side of
+the road.</p>
+
+<p>Now, the only way we can prevent surveillance that's done at one
+remove or by unrelated systems is through political action against
+increased government power to track and monitor everyone, which means of
+course we have to reject whatever excuse they come up with. For doing
+such systems, no excuse is valid—to monitor everyone.</p>
+
+<p>In a free society, when you go out in public, you are not guaranteed
+anonymity. It's possible for someone to recognize you and remember. And
+later that person could say that he saw you at a certain place. But
+that information is diffuse. It's not conveniently assembled to track
+everybody and investigate what they did. To collect that information is
+a lot of work, so it's only done in special cases when it's necessary.</p>
+
+<p>But computerized surveillance makes it possible to centralize and
+index all this information so that an unjust regime can find it all,
+and find out all about everyone. If a dictator takes power, which
+could happen anywhere, people realize this and they recognize that they
+should not communicate with other dissidents in a way that the State
+could find out about. But if the dictator has several years of stored
+records of who talks with whom, it's too late to take any precautions
+then, because he already has everything he needs to realize: “OK,
+this guy is a dissident, and he spoke with him. Maybe he is a dissident
+too. Maybe we should grab him and torture him.”</p>
+
+<p>So we need to campaign to put an end to digital surveillance
+<em>now</em>. You can't wait until there is a dictator and it would
+really matter. And besides, it doesn't take an outright dictatorship to
+start attacking human rights.</p>
+
+<p>I wouldn't quite call the government of the UK a dictatorship. It's
+not very democratic, and one way it crushes democracy is using
+surveillance. A few years ago, people believed to be on their way to a
+protest, they were going to protest, they were arrested before they
+could get there because their car was tracked through this universal car
+tracking system.</p>
+
+<h3 id="censorship">Censorship</h3>
+
+<p>The second threat is censorship. Censorship is not new, it existed
+long before computers. But 15 years ago, we thought that the Internet
+would protect us from censorship, that it would defeat censorship. Then,
+China and some other obvious tyrannies went to great lengths to
+impose censorship on the Internet, and we said: “Well that's not
+surprising, what else would governments like that do?”</p>
+
+<p>But today we see censorship imposed in countries that are not
+normally thought of as dictatorships, such as for instance the UK,
+France, Spain, Italy, Denmark…</p>
+
+<p>They all have systems of blocking access to some websites. Denmark
+established a system that blocks access to a long list of web pages,
+which was secret. The citizens were not supposed to know how the
+government was censoring them, but the list was leaked and posted on
+WikiLeaks. At that point, Denmark added the WikiLeaks page to its
+censorship list. So, the whole rest of the world can find out how Danes
+are being censored, but Danes are not supposed to know.</p>
+
+<p>A few months ago, Turkey, which claims to respect some human rights,
+announced that every Internet user would have to choose between
+censorship and more censorship. Four different levels of censorship they
+get to choose! But freedom is not one of the options.</p>
+
+<p>Australia wanted to impose filtering on the Internet, but that was
+blocked. However Australia has a different kind of censorship: it has
+censorship of links. That is, if a website in Australia has a link
+to some censored site outside Australia, the one in Australia can be
+punished. Electronic Frontiers Australia, that is an organization that
+defends human rights in the digital domain in Australia, posted a link
+to a foreign political website. It was ordered to delete the link or
+face a penalty of $11,000 a day. So they deleted it, what else could
+they do? This is a very harsh system of censorship.</p>
+
+<p>In Spain, the censorship that was adopted earlier this year allows
+officials to arbitrarily shut down an Internet site in Spain, or impose
+filtering to block access to a site outside of Spain. And they can do
+this without any kind of trial. This was one of the motivations for the
+<cite>Indignados</cite>, who have been protesting in the street.</p>
+
+<p>There were protests in the street in Turkey as well, after that
+announcement, but the government refused to change its policy.</p>
+
+<p>We must recognize that a country that imposes censorship on the
+Internet is not a free country. And is not a legitimate government
+either.</p>
+
+<h3 id="formats">Restricted data formats</h3>
+
+<p>The next threat to our freedom comes from data formats that restrict
+users.</p>
+
+<p>Sometimes it's because the format is secret. There are many
+application programs that save the user's data in a secret format, which
+is meant to prevent the user from taking that data and using it with
+some other program. The goal is to prevent interoperability.</p>
+
+<p>Now, evidently, if a program implements a secret format, that's
+because the program is not free software. So this is another kind of
+malicious feature. Surveillance is one kind of malicious feature that
+you find in some nonfree programs; using secret formats to restrict the
+users is another kind of malicious feature that you also find in some
+nonfree programs.</p>
+
+<p>But if you have a free program that handles a certain format,
+<em>ipso facto</em> that format is not secret. This kind of malicious
+feature can only exist in a nonfree program. Surveillance features,
+well, theoretically they could exist in a free program but you don't
+find them happening. Because the users would fix it, you see. The users
+wouldn't like this, so they would fix it.</p>
+
+<p>In any case, we also find secret data formats in use for publication
+of works. You find secret data formats in use for audio, such as music,
+for video, for books… And these secret formats are known as
+Digital Restrictions Management, or DRM, or digital handcuffs <em>(les
+menottes numériques)</em>.</p>
+
+<p>So, the works are published in secret formats so that only
+proprietary programs can play them, so that these proprietary programs
+can have the malicious feature of restricting the users, stopping them
+from doing something that would be natural to do.</p>
+
+<p>And this is used even by public entities to communicate with the
+people. For instance Italian public television makes its programs
+available on the net in a format called VC-1, which is a standard
+supposedly, but it's a secret standard. Now I can't imagine how any
+publicly supported entity could justify using a secret format to
+communicate with the public. This should be illegal. In fact I think
+all use of Digital Restrictions Management should be illegal. No company
+should be allowed to do this.</p>
+
+<p>There are also formats that are not secret but almost might as well
+be secret, for instance Flash. Flash is not actually secret but Adobe
+keeps making new versions, which are different, faster than anyone can
+keep up and make free software to play those files; so it has almost
+the same effect as being secret.</p>
+
+<p>Then there are the patented formats, such as MP3 for audio. It's bad
+to distribute audio in MP3 format. There is free software to handle MP3
+format, to play it and to generate it, but because it's patented in many
+countries, many distributors of free software don't dare include those
+programs; so if they distribute the GNU+Linux system, their system
+doesn't include a player for MP3. As a result if anyone distributes some
+music in MP3, that's putting pressure on people not to use GNU/Linux.
+Sure, if you're an expert you can find a free software and install it,
+but there are lots of non experts, and they might see that they
+installed a version of GNU/Linux which doesn't have that software, and
+it won't play MP3 files, and they think it's the system's fault. They
+don't realize it's MP3's fault. But this is the fact.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, if you want to support freedom, don't distribute MP3
+files. That's why I say if you're recording my speech and you want to
+distribute copies, don't do it in a patented format such as MPEG-2,
+or MPEG-4, or MP3. Use a format friendly to free software, such as the
+OGG formats or WebM. And by the way, if you are going to distribute
+copies of the recording, please put on it the Creative Commons, No
+Derivatives license. This is a statement of my personal views. If it
+were a lecture for a course, if it were didactic, then it ought to be
+free, but statements of opinion are different.</p>
+
+<h3 id="proprietary">Software that isn't free</h3>
+
+<p>Now this leads me to the next threat which comes from software that
+the users don't have control over. In other words, software that isn't
+free, that is not <cite>libre</cite>. In this particular point French
+is clearer than English. The English word “free” means
+<cite>libre</cite> and <cite>gratuit</cite>, but what I mean when I say
+“free software” is <cite>logiciel libre</cite>. I don't mean
+<cite>gratuit</cite>. I'm not talking about price. Price is a side
+issue, just a detail, because it doesn't matter ethically. You know, if
+I have a copy of a program and I sell it to you for one euro or a
+hundred euros, who cares? Right? Why should anyone think that's good or
+bad? Or suppose I gave it to you <cite>gratuitement</cite>…
+Still, who cares? But whether this program respects your freedom, that's
+important!</p>
+
+<p>So free software is software that respects users' freedom. What does
+this mean? Ultimately there are just two possibilities with software:
+either the users control the program or the program controls the users.
+If the users have certain essential freedoms, then <em>they</em> control
+the program, and those freedoms are the criterion for free software. But
+if the users <em>don't</em> fully have the essential freedoms, then
+the program controls the users. But somebody controls that program and,
+through it, has <em>power</em> over the users. </p>
+
+<p>So, a nonfree program is an instrument to give somebody <em>power</em>
+over a lot of other people, and this is unjust power that nobody should
+ever have. This is why nonfree software <cite>(les logiciels privateurs,
+qui privent de la liberté)</cite>, why proprietary software is
+an injustice and should not exist; because it leaves the users without
+freedom.</p>
+
+<p>Now, the developer who has control of the program often feels tempted
+to introduce malicious features to <em>further</em> exploit or abuse
+those users. He feels a temptation because he knows he can get away with
+it. Because his program controls the users and the users do not have
+control of the program, if he puts in a malicious feature, the users
+can't fix it; they can't remove the malicious feature.</p>
+
+<p>I've already told you about two kinds of malicious features:
+surveillance features, such as are found in Windows and the iPhone and
+Flash player and the Swindle, sort of. And there are also features to
+restrict users, which work with secret data formats, and those are found
+in Windows, Macintosh, the iPhone, Flash player, the Amazon Swindle,
+the Playstation 3 and lots and lots of other programs.</p>
+
+<p>The other kind of malicious feature is the backdoor. That means
+something in that program is listening for remote commands and obeying
+them, and those commands can mistreat the user. We know of backdoors in
+Windows, in the iPhone, in the Amazon Swindle. The Amazon Swindle has
+a backdoor that can delete books, remotely delete books. We know this
+by observation, because Amazon did it: in 2009 Amazon remotely deleted
+thousands of copies of a particular book. Those were authorized copies,
+people had obtained them directly from Amazon, and thus Amazon knew
+exactly where they were, which is how Amazon knew where to send the
+commands to delete those books. You know which book Amazon deleted?
+<em>1984</em> by George Orwell. [laughter] It's a book everyone should
+read, because it discusses a totalitarian state that did things like
+delete books it didn't like. Everybody should read it, but not on the
+Amazon Swindle. [laughter]</p>
+
+<p>Anyway, malicious features are present in the most widely used
+nonfree programs, but they are rare in free software, because with free
+software the users have control. They can read the source code and they
+can change it. So, if there were a malicious feature, somebody would
+sooner or later spot it and fix it. This means that somebody who is
+considering introducing a malicious feature does not find it so
+tempting, because he knows he might get away with it for a while but
+somebody will spot it, will fix it, and everybody will loose trust in
+the perpetrator. It's not so tempting when you know you're going to
+fail. And that's why we find that malicious features are rare in free
+software, and common in proprietary software.</p>
+
+<h3 id="four-freedoms">The four freedoms of free software</h3>
+
+<p>The essential freedoms are four:</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>Freedom 0 is the freedom to run the program as you wish.</li>
+ <li>Freedom 1 is the freedom to study the source code and change it,
+ so the program does your computing the way you wish.</li>
+ <li>Freedom 2 is the freedom to help others. That's the freedom to
+ make exact copies and redistribute them when you wish.</li>
+ <li>Freedom 3 is the freedom to contribute to your community. That's
+ the freedom to make copies of your modified versions, if you
+ have made any, and then distribute them to others when you wish.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>These freedoms, in order to be adequate, must apply to all activities
+of life. For instance if it says “this is free for academic
+use,” it's not free. Because that's too limited. It doesn't apply
+to all areas of life. In particular, if a program is free, that means
+it can be modified and distributed commercially, because commerce is
+an area of life, an activity in life. And this freedom has to apply to
+all activities.</p>
+
+<p>However, it's not obligatory to do any of these things. The point
+is you're free to do them if you wish, when you wish. But you never have
+to do them. You don't have to do any of them. You don't have to run the
+program. You don't have to study or change the source code. You don't
+have to make any copies. You don't have to distribute your modified
+versions. The point is you should be free to do those things <em>if
+you wish</em>.</p>
+
+<p>Now, freedom number 1, the freedom to study and change the source
+code to make the program do your computing as you wish, includes
+something that might not be obvious at first. If the program comes in a
+product, and the developer can provide an upgrade that will run, then
+you have to be able to make your version run in that product. If the
+product will only run the developer's versions, and refuses to run
+yours, the executable in that product is not free software. Even if it
+was compiled from free source code, it's not free because you don't have
+the freedom to make the program do your computing the way you wish. So,
+freedom 1 has to be real, not just theoretical. It has to include the
+freedom to use <em>your</em> version, not just the freedom to make some
+source code that won't run.</p>
+
+<h3 id="gnu">The GNU Project and the Free Software movement</h3>
+
+<p>I launched the Free Software movement in 1983, when I announced
+the plan to develop a free software operating system whose name is
+GNU. Now GNU, the name GNU, is a joke; because part of the hacker's
+spirit is to have fun even when you're doing something <em>very</em>
+serious. Now I can't think of anything more seriously important than
+defending freedom.</p>
+
+<p>But that didn't mean I couldn't give my system a name that's a joke.
+So GNU is a joke because it's a recursive acronym, it stands for
+“GNU's Not Unix,” so G.N.U.: GNU's Not Unix. So the G in
+GNU stands for GNU.</p>
+
+<p>In fact this was a tradition at the time. The tradition was: if
+there was an existing program and you wrote something similar to it,
+inspired by it, you could give credit by giving your program a name
+that's a recursive acronym saying it's not the other one. So I gave
+credit to Unix for the technical ideas of Unix, but with the name GNU,
+because I decided to make GNU a Unix-like system, with the same
+commands, the same system calls, so that it would be compatible, so that
+people who used Unix could switch over easily.</p>
+
+<p>But the reason for developing GNU, that was unique. GNU is the
+only operating system, as far as I know, ever developed for the
+purpose of freedom. Not for technical motivations, not for commercial
+motivations. GNU was written for <em>your</em> freedom. Because without
+a free operating system, it's impossible to have freedom and use a
+computer. And there were none, and I wanted people to have freedom,
+so it was up to me to write one.</p>
+
+<p>Nowadays there are millions of users of the GNU operating system and
+most of them don't <em>know</em> they are using the GNU operating
+system, because there is a widespread practice which is not nice. People
+call the system “Linux.” Many do, but some people don't, and
+I hope you'll be one of them. Please, since we started this, since we
+wrote the biggest piece of the code, please give us equal mention,please
+call the system “GNU+Linux,” or “GNU/Linux.”
+It's not much to ask.</p>
+
+<p>But there is another reason to do this. It turns out that the person
+who wrote Linux, which is one component of the system as we use it
+today, he doesn't agree with the Free Software movement. And so if you
+call the whole system Linux, in effect you're steering people towards
+his ideas, and away from our ideas. Because he's not gonna say to them
+that they deserve freedom. He's going to say to them that he likes
+convenient, reliable, powerful software. He's going to tell people that
+those are the important values.</p>
+
+<p>But if you tell them the system is GNU+Linux—it's the GNU
+operating system plus Linux the kernel—then they'll know about us,
+and then they might listen to what we say: you deserve freedom. And
+since freedom will be lost if we don't defend it—there's always
+going to be a Sarkozy to take it away—we need above all to teach
+people to demand freedom, to be ready to stand up for their freedom the
+next time someone threatens to take it away.</p>
+
+<p>Nowadays, you can tell who doesn't want to discuss these ideas of
+freedom because they don't say <cite>logiciel libre</cite>. They don't
+say <cite>libre</cite>, they say “open source.” That term
+was coined by the people like Mr Torvalds who would prefer that these
+ethical issues don't get raised. And so the way you can help us raise
+them is by saying <cite>libre</cite>. You know, it's up to you where you
+stand, you're free to say what you think. If you agree with them, you
+can say open source. If you agree with us, show it, say
+<cite>libre</cite>!</p>
+
+<h3 id="education">Free software and education</h3>
+
+<p>The most important point about free software is that schools
+<em>must</em> teach exclusively free software. All levels of schools
+from kindergarten to university, it's their moral responsibility to
+teach only free software in their education, and all other educational
+activities as well, including those that say that they're spreading
+digital literacy. A lot of those activities teach Windows, which means
+they're teaching <em>dependence</em>. To teach people the use of
+proprietary software is to teach dependence, and educational activities
+must never do that because it's the opposite of their mission.
+Educational activities have a social mission to educate good citizens of
+a strong, capable, cooperating, independent and free society. And in the
+area of computing, that means: teach free software; never teach a
+proprietary program because that's inculcating dependence.</p>
+
+<p>Why do you think some proprietary developers offer gratis copies to
+schools? They want the schools to make the children dependent. And then,
+when they graduate, they're still dependent and, you know, the company
+is not going to offer them gratis copies. And some of them get jobs and
+go to work for companies. Not many of them anymore, but some of them.
+And those companies are not going to be offered gratis copies. Oh no!
+The idea is: if the school directs the students down the path of
+permanent dependence, they can drag the rest of society with them into
+dependence. That's the plan! It's just like giving the school gratis
+needles full of addicting drugs, saying: “Inject this into your
+students, the first dose is gratis. Once you're dependent, then you have
+to pay.” Well, the school would reject the drugs because it isn't
+right to teach the students to use addictive drugs, and it's got to
+reject the proprietary software also. </p>
+
+<p>Some people say: “Let's have the school teach both proprietary
+software and free software, so the students become familiar with
+both.” That's like saying: “For the lunch let's give the
+kids spinach and tobacco, so that they become accustomed to both.”
+No! The schools are only supposed to teach good habits, not bad ones! So
+there should be no Windows in a school, no Macintosh, nothing
+proprietary in the education.</p>
+
+<p>But also, for the sake of educating the programmers. You see, some
+people have a talent for programming. At ten to thirteen years old,
+typically, they're fascinated, and if they use a program, they want to
+know: “How does it do this?” But when they ask the teacher,
+if it's proprietary, the teacher has to say: “I'm sorry, it's a
+secret, we can't find out.” Which means education is forbidden. A
+proprietary program is the enemy of the spirit of education. It's
+knowledge withheld, so it should not be tolerated in a school, even
+though there may be plenty of people in the school who don't care about
+programming, don't want to learn this. Still, because it's the enemy of
+the spirit of education, it shouldn't be there in the school. </p>
+
+<p>But if the program is free, the teacher can explain what he knows,
+and then give out copies of the source code, saying: “Read it and
+you'll understand everything.” And those who are really
+fascinated, they will read it! And this gives them an opportunity to
+start to learn how to be good programmers.</p>
+
+<p>To learn to be a good programmer, you'll need to recognize that
+certain ways of writing code, even if they make sense to you and they
+are correct, they're not good because other people will have trouble
+understanding them. Good code is clear code that others will have an
+easy time working on when they need to make further changes.</p>
+
+<p>How do you learn to write good clear code? You do it by reading lots
+of code, and writing lots of code. Well, only free software offers the
+chance to read the code of large programs that we really use. And then
+you have to write lots of code, which means you have to write changes
+in large programs.</p>
+
+<p>How do you learn to write good code for the large programs? You have
+to start small, which does <em>not</em> mean small program, oh no! The
+challenges of the code for large programs don't even begin to appear in
+small programs. So the way you start small at writing code for large
+programs is by writing small changes in large programs. And only free
+software gives you the chance to do that.</p>
+
+<p>So, if a school wants to offer the possibility of learning to be a
+good programmer, it needs to be a free software school.</p>
+
+<p>But there is an even deeper reason, and that is for the sake of
+moral education, education in citizenship. It's not enough for a school
+to teach facts and skills, it has to teach the spirit of goodwill, the
+habit of helping others. Therefore, every class should have this rule:
+“Students, if you bring software to class, you may not keep it for
+yourself, you must share copies with the rest of the class, including
+the source code in case anyone here wants to learn. Because this class
+is a place where we share our knowledge. Therefore, bringing a
+proprietary program to class is not permitted.” The school must
+follow its own rule to set a good example. Therefore, the school must
+bring only free software to class, and share copies, including the
+source code, with anyone in the class that wants copies.</p>
+
+<p>Those of you who have a connection with a school, it's <em>your</em>
+duty to campaign and pressure that school to move to free software. And
+you have to be firm. It may take years, but you can succeed as long
+as you never give up. Keep seeking more allies among the students, the
+faculty, the staff, the parents, anyone! And always bring it up as an
+ethical issue. If someone else wants to sidetrack the discussion into
+this practical advantage and this practical disadvantage, which means
+they're ignoring the most important question, then you have to say:
+“This is not about how to do the best job of educating, this is
+about how to do a good education instead of an evil one. It's how to do
+education right instead of wrong, not just how to make it a little more
+effective, or less.” So don't get distracted with those secondary
+issues, and ignore what really matters!</p>
+
+<h3 id="services">Internet services</h3>
+
+<p>So, moving on to the next menace. There are two issues that arise
+from the use of Internet services. One of them is that the server
+could abuse your data, and another is that it could take control of
+your computing.</p>
+
+<p>The first issue, people already know about. They are aware that, if
+you upload data to an Internet service, there is a question of what it
+will do with that data. It might do things that mistreat you. What could
+it do? It could lose the data, it could change the data, it could refuse
+to let you get the data back. And it could also show the data to someone
+else you don't want to show it to. Four different possible things.</p>
+
+<p>Now, here, I'm talking about the data that you <em>knowingly</em>
+gave to that site. Of course, many of those services do
+<em>surveillance</em> as well.</p>
+
+<p>For instance, consider Facebook. Users send lots of data to Facebook,
+and one of the bad things about Facebook is that it shows a lot of that
+data to lots of other people, and even if it offers them a setting to
+say “no,” that may not really work. After all, if you say
+“some other people can see this piece of information,”
+one of them might publish it. Now, that's not Facebook's fault,
+there is nothing they could do to prevent that, but it ought to warn
+people. Instead of saying “mark this as only to your so-called
+friends,” it should say “keep in mind that your so-called
+friends are not really your friends, and if they want to make trouble
+for you, they could publish this.” Every time, it should say that,
+if they want to deal with people ethically.</p>
+
+<p>As well as all the data users of Facebook voluntarily give to
+Facebook, Facebook is collecting data about people's activities on the
+net through various methods of surveillance. But that's the first
+menace. For now I am talking about the data that people <em>know</em>
+they are giving to these sites.</p>
+
+<p>Now, losing data is something that could always happen by accident.
+That possibility is always there, no matter how careful someone is.
+Therefore, you need to keep multiple copies of data that matters. If you
+do that, then, even if someone decided to delete your data
+intentionally, it wouldn't hurt you that much, because you'd have other
+copies of it.</p>
+
+<p>So, as long as you are maintaining multiple copies, you don't have
+to worry too much about someone's losing your data. What about whether
+you can get it back. Well, some services make it possible to get back
+all the data that you sent, and some don't. Google services will let the
+user get back the data the user has put into them. Facebook, famously,
+does not.</p>
+
+<p>Of course in the case of Google, this only applies to the data the
+user <em>knows</em> Google has. Google does lots of surveillance, too,
+and that data is not included. But in any case, if you can get the data
+back, then you could track whether they have altered it. And they're not
+very likely to start altering people's data if the people can tell. So
+maybe we can keep a track on that particular kind of abuse.</p>
+
+<p>But the abuse of showing the data to someone you don't want it to
+be shown to is very common and almost impossible for you to prevent,
+especially if it's a US company. You see, the most hypocritically named
+law in US history, the so-called USA Patriot Act, says that Big
+Brother's police can collect just about all the data that companies
+maintain about individuals. Not just companies, but other organizations
+too, like public libraries. The police can get this massively, without
+even going to court. Now, in a country that was founded on an idea of
+freedom, there's nothing more unpatriotic than this. But this is what
+they did. So you mustn't ever trust any of your data to a US company.
+And they say that foreign subsidiaries of US companies are subject to
+this as well. So the company you're directly dealing with may be in
+Europe, but if it's owned by a US company, you've got the same problem
+to deal with.</p>
+
+<p>However, this is mainly of concern when the data you're sending to
+the service is not for publication. There are some services where you
+publish things. Of course, if you publish something, you know everybody
+is gonna be able to see it. So, there is no way they can hurt you by
+showing it to somebody who wasn't supposed to see it. There is nobody
+who wasn't supposed to see it, if you published it. So in that case the
+problem doesn't exist.</p>
+
+<p>So these are four sub-issues of this one threat of abusing our data.
+The idea of the Freedom Box project is you have your own server in your
+own home, and when you want to do something remotely, you do it with
+your own server, and the police have to get a court order in order to
+search your server. So you have the same rights this way that you would
+have traditionally in the physical world.</p>
+
+<p>The point here and in so many other issues is: as we start doing
+things digitally instead of physically, we shouldn't lose any of our
+rights; because the general tendency is that we do lose rights.</p>
+
+<p>Basically, Stallman's law says that, in an epoch when governments
+work for the mega-corporations instead of reporting to their citizens,
+every technological change can be taken advantage of to reduce our
+freedom. Because reducing our freedom is what these governments want
+to do. So the question is: when do they get an opportunity? Well, any
+change that happens for some other reason is a possible opportunity,
+and they will take advantage of it if that's their general desire.</p>
+
+<p>But the other issue with Internet services is that they can take
+control of your computing, and that's not so commonly known. But It's
+becoming more common. There are services that offer to do computing for
+you on data supplied by you—things that you should do in your own
+computer but they invite you to let somebody else's computer do that
+computing work for you. And the result is you lose control over it. It's
+just as if you used a nonfree program.</p>
+
+<p>Two different scenarios but they lead to the same problem. If you
+do your computing with a nonfree program… well, the users don't
+control the nonfree program, it controls the users, which would include
+you. So you've lost control of the computing that's being done. But
+if you do your computing in his server… well, the programs that
+are doing it are the ones he chose. You can't touch them or see them,
+so you have no control over them. He has control over them, maybe.</p>
+
+<p>If they are free software and he installs them, then he has control
+over them. But even he might not have control. He might be running a
+proprietary program in his server, in which case it's somebody else
+who has control of the computing being done in his server. He doesn't
+control it and you don't.</p>
+
+<p>But suppose he installs a free program, then he has control over the
+computing being done in his computer, but you don't. So, either way,
+<em>you don't!</em> So the only way to have control over your computing
+is to do it with <em>your copy</em> of a free program.</p>
+
+<p>This practice is called “Software as a Service.” It means
+doing your computing with your data in somebody else's server. And
+I don't know of anything that can make this acceptable. It's always
+something that takes away your freedom, and the only solution I know of
+is to refuse. For instance, there are servers that will do translation
+or voice recognition, and you are letting them have control over this
+computing activity, which we shouldn't ever do.</p>
+
+<p>Of course, we are also giving them data about ourselves which they
+shouldn't have. Imagine if you had a conversation with somebody through
+a voice-recognition translation system that was Software as as Service
+and it's really running on a server belonging to some company. Well,
+that company also gets to know what was said in the conversation, and
+if it's a US company that means Big Brother also gets to know. This is
+no good.</p>
+
+<h3 id="voting">Computers for voting</h3>
+
+<p>The next threat to our freedom in a digital society is using
+computers for voting. You can't trust computers for voting. Whoever
+controls the software in those computers has the power to commit
+undetectable fraud.</p>
+
+<p>Elections are special, because there's nobody involved that we dare
+trust fully. Everybody has to be checked, crosschecked by others, so
+that nobody is in a position to falsify the results by himself. Because
+if anybody is in a position to do that, he might do it. So our
+traditional systems for voting were designed so that nobody was fully
+trusted, everybody was being checked by others. So that nobody could
+easily commit fraud. But once you introduce a program, this is
+impossible.</p>
+
+<p>How can you tell if a voting machine will honestly count the
+votes? You'd have to study the program that's running in it during the
+election, which of course nobody can do, and most people wouldn't even
+know how to do. But even the experts who might theoretically be capable
+of studying the program, they can't do it while people are voting.
+They'd have to do it in advance, and then how do they know that the
+program they studied is the one that's running while people vote? Maybe
+it's been changed.</p>
+
+<p>Now, if this program is proprietary, that means some company
+controls it. The election authority can't even tell what that program
+is doing. Well, this company then could rig the election. And there
+are accusations that this was done in the US within the past ten years,
+that election results were falsified this way.</p>
+
+<p>But what if the program is free software? That means the election
+authority who owns this voting machine has control over the software in
+it, so the election authority could rig the election. You can't trust
+them either. You don't dare trust <em>anybody</em> in voting, and the
+reason is, there's no way that the voters can verify for themselves that
+their votes were correctly counted, nor that false votes were not added.</p>
+
+<p>In other activities of life, you can usually tell if somebody is
+trying to cheat you. Consider for instance buying something from a
+store. You order something, maybe you give a credit card number. If the
+product doesn't come, you can complain and you can… of course if
+you've got a good enough memory you'll notice if that product doesn't
+come. You're not just giving total blind trust to the store, because you
+can check. But in elections you can't check.</p>
+
+<p>I saw once a paper where someone described a theoretical system for
+voting which used some sophisticated mathematics so that people could
+check that their votes had been counted, even though everybody's vote
+was secret, and they could also verify that false votes hadn't been
+added. It was very exciting, powerful mathematics; but even if that
+mathematics is correct, that doesn't mean the system would be acceptable
+to use in practice, because the vulnerabilities of a real system might
+be outside of that mathematics. For instance, suppose you're voting over
+the Internet and suppose you're using a machine that's a zombie. It
+might tell you that the vote was sent for A while actually sending a
+vote for B. Who knows whether you'd ever find out? So, in practice the
+only way to see if these systems work and are honest is through years,
+in fact decades, of trying them and checking in other ways what
+happened.</p>
+
+<p>I wouldn't want my country to be the pioneer in this. So, use paper
+for voting. Make sure there are ballots that can be recounted.</p>
+
+<h3 id="sharing">The war on sharing</h3>
+
+<p>The next threat to our freedom in a digital society comes from the
+war on sharing.</p>
+
+<p>One of the tremendous benefits of digital technology is that it is
+easy to copy published works and share these copies with others. Sharing
+is good, and with digital technology, sharing is easy. So, millions of
+people share. Those who profit by having power over the distribution
+of these works don't want us to share. And since they are businesses,
+governments which have betrayed their people and work for the Empire of
+mega-corporations try to serve those businesses, they are against their
+own people, they are for the businesses, for the publishers.</p>
+
+<p>Well, that's not good. And with the help of these governments,
+the companies have been waging <em>war</em> on sharing, and they've
+proposed a series of cruel draconian measures. Why do they propose cruel
+draconian measures? Because nothing less has a chance of success: when
+something is good and easy, people do it, and the only way to stop them
+is by being very nasty. So of course, what they propose is nasty, nasty,
+and the next one is nastier. So they tried suing teenagers for hundreds
+of thousands of dollars. That was pretty nasty. And they tried turning
+our technology against us, Digital Restrictions Management that means,
+digital handcuffs.</p>
+
+<p>But among the people there were clever programmers too and they found
+ways to break the handcuffs. So for instance, DVDs were designed to have
+encrypted movies in a secret encryption format, and the idea was that
+all the programs to decrypt the video would be proprietary with digital
+handcuffs. They would all be designed to restrict the users. And their
+scheme worked OK for a while. But some people in Europe figured out the
+encryption and they released a free program that could actually play
+the video on a DVD.</p>
+
+<p>Well, the movie companies didn't leave it there. They went to the US
+congress and bought a law making that software illegal. The United
+States invented censorship of software in 1998, with the Digital
+Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). So the distribution of that free
+program was forbidden in the United States. Unfortunately it didn't stop
+with the United States. The European Union adopted a directive, in 2003
+I believe, requiring such laws. The directive only says that commercial
+distribution has to be banned, but just about every country in the
+European Union has adopted a nastier law. In France, the mere possession
+of a copy of that program is an offense punished by imprisonment, thanks
+to Sarkozy. I believe that was done by the law DADVSI. I guess he hoped
+that with an unpronounceable name, people wouldn't be able to criticize
+it. [laughter]</p>
+
+<p>So, elections are coming. Ask the candidates in the parties: will you
+repeal the DADVSI? And if not, don't support them. You mustn't give up
+lost moral territory forever. You've got to fight to win it back.</p>
+
+<p>So, we still are fighting against digital handcuffs. The Amazon
+Swindle has digital handcuffs to take away the traditional freedoms of
+readers to do things such as: give a book to someone else, or lend a
+book to someone else. That's a vitally important social act. That is
+what builds society among people who read, lending books. Amazon doesn't
+want to let people lend books freely. And then there is also selling a
+book, perhaps to a used bookstore. You can't do that either.</p>
+
+<p>It looked for a while as if DRM had disappeared on music, but now
+they're bringing it back with streaming services such as Spotify. These
+services all require proprietary client software, and the reason is
+so they can put digital handcuffs on the users. So, reject them! They
+already showed quite openly that you can't trust them, because first
+they said: “You can listen as much as you like.” And then
+they said: “Oh, no! You can only listen a certain number of hours
+a month.” The issue is not whether that particular change was good
+or bad, just or unjust; the point is, they have the power to impose any
+change in policies. So don't let them have that power. You should have
+your <em>own</em> copy of any music you want to listen to.</p>
+
+<p>And then came the next assault on our freedom: HADOPI, basically
+punishment on accusation. It was started in France but it's been
+exported to many other countries. The United States now demand such
+unjust policies in its free exploitation treaties. A few months ago,
+Colombia adopted such a law under orders from its masters in Washington.
+Of course, the ones in Washington are not the real masters, they're just
+the ones who control the United States on behalf of the Empire. But
+they're the ones who also dictate to Colombia on behalf of the Empire.</p>
+
+<p>In France, since the Constitutional Council objected to explicitly
+giving people punishment without trial, they invented a kind of trial
+which is not a real trial, it's just a form of a trial, so they can
+<em>pretend</em> that people have a trial before they're punished. But
+in other countries they don't bother with that, it's explicit punishment
+on accusation only. Which means that for the sake of their war on
+sharing, they're prepared to abolish the basic principles of justice. It
+shows how thoroughly anti-freedom anti-justice they are. These are not
+legitimate governments.</p>
+
+<p>And I'm sure they'll come up with more nasty ideas because they're
+paid to defeat the people no matter what it takes. Now, when they do
+this, they always say that it's for the sake of the artists, that they
+have “protect” the “creators.” Now those are
+both propaganda terms. I am convinced that the reason they love the word
+“creators” is because it is a comparison with a deity. They
+want us to think of artists as super-human, and thus deserving special
+privileges and power over us, which is something I disagree with.</p>
+
+<p>In fact though, the only artists that benefit very much from this
+system are the big stars. The other artists are getting crushed into the
+ground by the heels of these same companies. But they treat the stars
+very well, because the stars have a lot of clout. If a star threatens to
+move to another company, the company says: “Oh, we'll give you
+what you want.” But for any other artist they say: “You
+don't matter, we can treat you any way we like.”</p>
+
+<p>So the superstars have been corrupted by the millions of dollars
+or euros that they get, to the point where they'll do almost
+anything for more money. For instance, J. K. Rowling is a good
+example. J. K. Rowling, a few years ago, went to court in Canada and
+obtained an order that people who had bought her books must not read
+them. She got an order telling people not to read her books!</p>
+
+<p>Here's what happened. A bookstore put the books on display for sale
+too early, before the date they were supposed to go on sale. And people
+came into the store and said: “Oh, I want that!” And they
+bought it and took away their copies. And then, they discovered the
+mistake, so they took the copies off of display. But Rowling wanted to
+crush any circulation of any information from those books, so she went
+to court, and the court ordered those people not to read the books that
+they now owned.</p>
+
+<p>In response, I call for a total boycott of Harry Potter. But I don't
+say you shouldn't read those books or watch the movies, I only say you
+shouldn't buy the books or pay for the movies. [laughter] I leave it to
+Rowling to tell people not to read the books. As far as I am concerned,
+if you borrow the book and read it, that's OK. [laughter] Just don't
+give her any money! But this happened with paper books. The court could
+make this order but it couldn't get the books back from the people who
+had bought them. Imagine if they were ebooks. Imagine if they were
+ebooks on the Swindle. Amazon could send commands to erase them.</p>
+
+<p>So, I don't have much respect for stars who will go to such lengths
+for more money. But most artists aren't like that, they never got
+enough money to be corrupted. Because the current system of copyright
+supports most artists very badly. And so, when these companies demand to
+expand the war on sharing, supposedly for the sake of the artists, I'm
+against what they want but I would like to support the artists better. I
+appreciate their work and I realize if we want them to do more work we
+should support them.</p>
+
+<h3 id="arts">Supporting the arts</h3>
+
+<p>I have two proposals for how to support artists, methods that are
+compatible with sharing, that would allow us to end the war on sharing
+and still support artists.</p>
+
+<p>One method uses tax money. We get a certain amount of public funds to
+distribute among artists. But, how much should each artist get? Well,
+we have to measure popularity. You see, the current system supposedly
+supports artists based on their popularity. So I'm saying: let's keep
+that, let's continue in this system to support them based on their
+popularity. We can measure the popularity of all the artists with some
+kind of polling or sampling, so that we don't have to do surveillance.
+We can respect people's anonymity.</p>
+
+<p>OK, we get a raw popularity figure for each artist, how do we convert
+that into an amount of money? Well, the obvious way is: distribute
+the money in proportion to popularity. So if A is a thousand times as
+popular as B, A will get a thousand times as much money as B. That's not
+efficient distribution of the money. It's not putting the money to good
+use. You see, it's easy for a star A to be a thousand times as popular
+as a fairly successful artist B. And if we use linear proportion, we'll
+give A a thousand times as much money as we give B. And that means that,
+either we have to make A tremendously rich, or we are not supporting
+B enough.</p>
+
+<p>Well, the money we use to make A tremendously rich is failing to do
+an effective job of supporting the arts; so, it's inefficient. Therefore
+I say: let's use the cube root. Cube root looks sort of like this. The
+point is: if A is a thousand times as popular as B, with the cube root A
+will get ten times as much as B, not a thousand times as much, just ten
+times as much. So the use of the cube root shifts a lot of the money
+from the stars to the artists of moderate popularity. And that means,
+with less money we can adequately support a much larger number of
+artists.</p>
+
+<p>There are two reasons why this system would use less money than we
+pay now. First of all because it would be supporting artists but not
+companies, second because it would shift the money from the stars to the
+artists of moderate popularity. Now, it would remain the case that the
+more popular you are, the more money you get. And so the star A would
+still get more than B, but not astronomically more.</p>
+
+<p>That's one method, and because it won't be so much money it doesn't
+matter so much how we get the money. It could be from a special tax on
+Internet connectivity, it could just be some of the general budget that
+gets allocated to this purpose. We won't care because it won't be so
+much money, much less than we're paying now.</p>
+
+<p>The other method I've proposed is voluntary payments. Suppose each
+player had a button you could use to send one euro. A lot of people
+would send it; after all it's not that much money. I think a lot of
+you might push that button every day, to give one euro to some artist
+who had made a work that you liked. But nothing would demand this, you
+wouldn't be required or ordered or pressured to send the money; you
+would do it because you felt like it. But there are some people who
+wouldn't do it because they're poor and they can't afford to give one
+euro. And it's good that they won't give it, we don't have to squeeze
+money out of poor people to support the artists. There are enough
+non-poor people who'll be happy to do it. Why wouldn't you give one euro
+to some artists today, if you appreciated their work? It's too
+inconvenient to give it to them. So my proposal is to remove the
+inconvenience. If the only reason not to give that euro is you would
+have one euro less, you would do it fairly often.</p>
+
+<p>So these are my two proposals for how to support artists, while
+encouraging sharing because sharing is good. Let's put an end to the
+war on sharing, laws like DADVSI and HADOPI, it's not just the methods
+that they propose that are evil, their purpose is evil. That's why they
+propose cruel and draconian measures. They're trying to do something
+that's nasty by nature. So let's support artists in other ways.</p>
+
+<h3 id="rights">Rights in cyberspace</h3>
+
+<p>The last threat to our freedom in digital society is the fact that we
+don't have a firm right to do the things we do, in cyberspace. In the
+physical world, if you have certain views and you want to give people
+copies of a text that defends those views, you're free to do so. You
+could even buy a printer to print them, and you're free to hand them out
+on the street, or you're free to rent a store and hand them out there.
+If you want to collect money to support your cause, you can just have
+a can and people could put money into the can. You don't need to get
+somebody else's approval or cooperation to do these things.</p>
+
+<p>But, in the Internet, you <em>do</em> need that. For instance if want
+to distribute a text on the Internet, you need companies to help you
+do it. You can't do it by yourself. So if you want to have a website,
+you need the support of an ISP or a hosting company, and you need a
+domain name registrar. You need them to continue to let you do what
+you're doing. So you're doing it effectively on sufferance, not by
+right.</p>
+
+<p>And if you want to receive money, you can't just hold out a can. You
+need the cooperation of a payment company. And we saw that this makes
+all of our digital activities vulnerable to suppression. We learned this
+when the United States government launched a “distributed denial
+of service attack” (DDoS) against WikiLeaks. Now I'm making a
+bit of joke because the words “distributed denial of service
+attack” usually refer to a different kind of attack. But they
+fit perfectly with what the United States did. The United States went
+to the various kinds of network services that WikiLeaks depended on,
+and told them to cut off service to WikiLeaks. And they did!</p>
+
+<p>For instance, WikiLeaks had rented a virtual Amazon server, and the
+US government told Amazon: “Cut off service for WikiLeaks.”
+And it did, arbitrarily. And then, Amazon had certain domain names such
+as wikileaks.org. The US government tried to get all those domains shut
+off. But it didn't succeed, some of them were outside its control and
+were not shut off.</p>
+
+<p>Then, there were the payment companies. The US went to PayPal and
+said: “Stop transferring money to WikiLeaks or we'll make life
+difficult for you.” And PayPal shut off payments to WikiLeaks. And
+then it went to Visa and Mastercard and got them to shut off payments
+to WikiLeaks. Others started collecting money on WikiLeaks' behalf and
+their accounts were shut off too. But in this case, maybe something can
+be done. There's a company in Iceland which began collecting money on
+behalf of WikiLeaks, and so Visa and Mastercard shut off its account;
+it couldn't receive money from its customers either. And now, that
+business is suing Visa and Mastercard apparently, under European Union
+law, because Visa and Mastercard together have a near-monopoly. They're
+not allowed to arbitrarily deny service to anyone.</p>
+
+<p>Well, this is an example of how things need to be for all kinds of
+services that we use in the Internet. If you rented a store to hand
+out statements of what you think, or any other kind of information
+that you can lawfully distribute, the landlord couldn't kick you out
+just because he didn't like what you were saying. As long as you keep
+paying the rent, you have a right to continue in that store for a
+certain agreed-on period of time that you signed. So you have some
+rights that you can enforce. And they couldn't shut off your telephone
+line because the phone company doesn't like what you said, or because
+some powerful entity didn't like what you said and threatened the phone
+company. No! As long as you pay the bills and obey certain basic rules,
+they can't shut off your phone line. This is what it's like to have some
+rights!</p>
+
+<p>Well, if we move our activities from the physical world to the
+virtual world, then either we have the same rights in the virtual world,
+or we have been harmed. So, the precarity of all our Internet activities
+is the last of the menaces I wanted to mention.</p>
+
+<p>Now I'd like to say that for more information about free software,
+look at gnu.org. Also look at fsf.org, which is the website of the Free
+Software Foundation. You can go there and find many ways you can help
+us, for instance. You can also become a member of the Free Software
+Foundation through that site. […] There is also the Free Software
+Foundation of Europe fsfe.org. You can join FSF Europe also. […]</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF.<br />
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p>Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+
+<p>Copyright © 2011 Richard Stallman</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2012/04/26 08:27:58 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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