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www/encyclopedia .symlinks announcement.html


From: Yavor Doganov
Subject: www/encyclopedia .symlinks announcement.html
Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2009 14:44:11 +0000

CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     Yavor Doganov <yavor>   09/01/22 14:44:11

Modified files:
        encyclopedia   : .symlinks 
Removed files:
        encyclopedia   : announcement.html 

Log message:
        Delete obsolete file announcement.html.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/encyclopedia/.symlinks?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/encyclopedia/announcement.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=0

Patches:
Index: .symlinks
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/encyclopedia/.symlinks,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- .symlinks   20 Mar 2001 22:04:10 -0000      1.1
+++ .symlinks   22 Jan 2009 14:44:08 -0000      1.2
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 encyclopedia.html index.html
+free-encyclopedia.html announcement.html

Index: announcement.html
===================================================================
RCS file: announcement.html
diff -N announcement.html
--- announcement.html   27 Apr 2008 10:03:58 -0000      1.5
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,493 +0,0 @@
-<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
-<html>
-<head>
-   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-   <title>GNUPedia Project Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software 
Foundation (FSF)</title>
-<!-- This is a boilerplate for the web pages used in the GNU project. -->
-<!--      Please change it according to specifications -->
-<!--      and THEN DELETE THESE LINES !!!! -->
-<link REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
-</head>
-<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" link="#1F00FF" vlink="#9900DD" 
alink="#FF0000">
-
-<h1>
-GNUPedia - The free universal encyclopedia and learning resource</h1>
-
-<!-- When using this boilerplate, remember to: -->
-<!--        -replace the "???" in both places above. -->
-<!--        -replace the "boilerplate." several places below. -->
-<!-- when you replace this graphic, make sure you change the link
-     to also point to the correct HTML page.
-     If you make a new graphic for this page, make sure it has
-     a corresponding entry in /graphics/graphics.html .                   -->
-<a href="/graphics/agnuhead.html">
-<img SRC="logo.png" ALT="[image of the Head of a GNU]" height=153 
width=170></a>
-[<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->
-<a href="announcement.html">English
-<!-- | A HREF="/boilerplate.LG.html" LANGUAGE /A  -->
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! --></a>| 
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->
-<a href="announcement.es.html">Spanish
-<!-- | A HREF="/boilerplate.LG.html" LANGUAGE /A  -->
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! --></a>]
-<p><!-- Replace this list with the page's contents. -->
-
-<p>
-Note: Please use the new <a href="/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html">
-resource page</a>, instead of this one.
-</p>
-
-<P>
-<HR>
-
-<h4>
-Table of Contents</h4>
-
-<ul>
-<li>
-<a href="#announcement">Project Announcement</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="index.html">Back to home page</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<hr>
-<blockquote>
-<h3>
-<a NAME="announcement"></a>The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning
-Resource</h3>
-
-<h4>
-By Richard Stallman</h4>
-The World Wide Web has the potential to develop into a universal encyclopedia
-covering all areas of knowledge, and a complete library of instructional
-courses. This outcome could happen without any special effort, if no one
-interferes. But corporations are mobilizing now to direct the future down
-a different track--one in which they control and restrict access to learning
-materials, so as to extract money from people who want to learn.
-<p>To ensure that the web develops toward the best and most natural outcome,
-where it becomes a free encyclopedia, we must make a conscious effort to
-prevent deliberate sequestration of the encyclopedic and educational 
information
-on the net. We cannot stop business from restricting the information it
-makes available; what we can do is provide an alternative. We need to launch
-a movement to develop a universal free encyclopedia, much as the Free Software
-movement gave us the free software operating system GNU/Linux. The free
-encyclopedia will provide an alternative to the restricted ones that media
-corporations will write.
-<p>The rest of this article aims to lay out what the free encyclopedia
-needs to do, what sort of freedoms it needs to give the public, and how
-we can get started on developing it.
-<h3>
-An encyclopedia located everywhere.</h3>
-In the past, encyclopedias have been written under the direction of a single
-organization, which made all decisions about the content, and have been
-published in a centralized fashion. It would not make sense to develop
-and publish the free encyclopedia in those ways--they fit poorly with the
-nature of the World Wide Web and with the resources available for writing
-the encyclopedia.
-<p>The free encyclopedia will not be published in any one place. It will
-consist of all web pages that cover suitable topics, and have been made
-suitably available. These pages will be developed in a decentralized manner
-by thousands of contributors, each independently writing articles and posting
-them on various web servers. No one organization will be in charge, because
-such centralization would be incompatible with decentralized progress.
-<h3>
-Who will write the encyclopedia?</h3>
-In principle, anyone is welcome to write articles for the encyclopedia.
-But as we reach out for people to help, the most promising places to look
-are among teachers and students. Teachers generally like to teach, and
-writing an article a year for the encyclopedia would be an enjoyable change
-from their classroom duties. For students, a major school paper could become
-an encyclopedia article, if done especially well.
-<h3>
-Small steps will do the job.</h3>
-When a project is exciting, it is easy to imagine a big contribution that
-you would like to make, bite off more than you can chew, and ultimately
-give up with nothing to show for it.
-<p>So it is important to welcome and encourage smaller contributions. Writing
-a textbook for a whole semester's material is a big job, and only a small
-fraction of teachers will contribute that much. But writing about a topic
-small enough for one meeting of a class is a contribution that many can
-afford to make. Enough of these small contributions can cover the whole
-range of knowledge.
-<h3>
-Take the long view.</h3>
-The encyclopedia is a big job, and it won't be finished in a year. If it
-takes twenty years to complete the free encyclopedia, that will be but
-an instant in the history of literature and civilization.
-<p>In projects like this, progress is slow for the first few years; then
-it accelerates as the work that has been done attracts more and more people
-to join in. Eventually there is an avalanche of progress. So we should
-not feel discouraged when the first few years do not bring us close to
-completion. It makes sense to choose the first steps to illustrate what
-can be done, and to spread interest in the long-term goal, so as to inspire
-others to join in.
-<p>This means that the pioneers' job, in the early years, is above all
-to be steadfast. We must be on guard against downgrading to a less useful,
-less idealistic goal, just because of the magnitude of the task. Instead
-of measuring our early steps against the size of the whole job, we should
-think of them as examples, and have confidence that they will inspire a
-growing number of contributors to join and finish the job.
-<h3>
-Evangelize.</h3>
-Since we hope that teachers and students at many colleges around the world
-will join in writing contributions to the free encyclopedia, let's not
-leave this to chance. There are already scattered examples of what can
-be done. Let's present these examples systematically to the academic community,
-show the vision of the free universal encyclopedia, and invite others to
-join in writing it.
-<h3>
-What should the free encyclopedia contain?</h3>
-The free encyclopedia should aim eventually to include one or more articles
-for any topic you would expect to find in another encyclopedia. In addition,
-since there is no practical limit to the amount of encyclopedic material
-that can be on the web, this encyclopedia should eventually also cover
-the more advanced and specialized topics you might expect to find in 
specialized
-encyclopedias, such as an "Encyclopedia of Physics", "Encyclopedia of 
Medicine",
-"Encyclopedia of Gardening", or "Encyclopedia of Cooking". It could go
-even further; for example, bird watchers might eventually contribute an
-article on each species of bird, along with pictures and recordings of
-its calls.
-<p>However, only some kinds of information belong in an encyclopedia. For
-example, scholarly papers, detailed statistical data bases, news reports,
-fiction and art, extensive bibliographies, and catalogs of merchandise,
-useful as they are, are outside the scope of an encyclopedia. (Some of
-the articles might usefully contain links to such works.)
-<p>Courses in the learning resource are a generalization to hypertext of
-the textbooks used for teaching a subject to yourself or to a class. The
-learning resource should eventually include courses for all academic subjects,
-from mathematics to art history, and practical subjects such as gardening
-as well, to the extent this makes sense. (Some practical subjects, such
-as massage or instrumental ensemble playing, may not be possible to study
-from a "book" without a human teacher--these are arguably less useful to
-include.) It should cover these subjects at all the levels that are useful,
-which might in some cases range from first grade to graduate school.
-<p>A useful encyclopedia article will address a specific topic at a particular
-level, and each author will contribute mainly by focusing on an area that
-he or she knows very well. But we should keep in the back of our minds,
-while doing this, the vision of a free encyclopedia that is universal in
-scope--so that we can firmly reject any attempt to put artificial limits
-on either the scope or the free status of the encyclopedia.
-<h3>
-Criteria pages must meet.</h3>
-To ensure this encyclopedia is indeed a free and universal encyclopedia,
-we must set criteria of freeness for encyclopedia articles and courses
-to meet.
-<p>Conventional non-free encyclopedias published by companies such as Microsoft
-will surely be made available on the web, sooner or later--but you will
-probably have to pay to read an article, and you surely won't be allowed
-to redistribute them. If we are content with knowledge as a commodity,
-accessible only through a computerized bureaucracy, we can simply let companies
-provide it.
-<p>But if we want to keep human knowledge open and freely available to
-humanity, we have to do the work to make it available that way. We have
-to write a free encyclopedia--so we must first determine the proper 
interpretation
-of "free" for an encyclopedia on the Internet. We must decide what criteria
-of freedom a free encyclopedia and a free learning resource should meet.
-<h4>
-Permit universal access.</h4>
-The free encyclopedia should be open to public access by everyone who can
-gain access to the web. Those who seek to gain control over educational
-materials, so they can profit by restricting access to them, will push
-us to "compromise" by agreeing to restrict access in exchange for their
-participation. We must stand firm, and reject any deal that is inconsistent
-with the ultimate goal. We are in no hurry, and there is no sense in getting
-to the wrong place a few years sooner.
-<h4>
-Permit mirror sites.</h4>
-When information is available on the web only at one site, its availability
-is vulnerable. A local problem--a computer crash, an earthquake or flood,
-a budget cut, a change in policy of the school administration--could cut
-off access for everyone forever. To guard against loss of the encyclopedia's
-material, we should make sure that every piece of the encyclopedia is available
-from many sites on the Internet, and that new copies can be put up if some
-disappear.
-<p>There is no need to set up an organization or a bureaucracy to do this,
-because Internet users like to set up "mirror sites" which hold duplicate
-copies of interesting web pages. What we must do in advance is ensure that
-this is legally permitted.
-<p>Therefore, each encyclopedia article and each course should explicitly
-grant irrevocable permission for anyone to make verbatim copies available
-on mirror sites. This permission should be one of the basic stated principles
-of the free encyclopedia.
-<p>Some day there may be systematic efforts to ensure that each article
-and course is replicated in many copies--perhaps at least once on each
-of the six inhabited continents. This would be a natural extension of the
-mission of archiving that libraries undertake today. But it would be premature
-to make formal plans for this now. It is sufficient for now to resolve
-to make sure people have permission to do this mirroring when they get
-around to it.
-<h4>
-Permit translation into other languages.</h4>
-People will have a use for encyclopedia material on each topic in every
-human language. But the primary language of the Internet--as of the world
-of commerce and science today--is English. Most likely, encyclopedia 
contributions
-in English will run ahead of other languages, and the encyclopedia will
-approach completeness in English first.
-<p>Trying to fight this tendency would be self-defeating. The easier way
-to make the encyclopedia available in all languages is by encouraging one
-person to translate what another has written. In this way, each article
-can be translated into many languages.
-<p>But if this requires explicit permission, it will be too difficult.
-Therefore, we must adopt a basic rule that anyone is permitted to publish
-an accurate translation of any article or course, with proper attribution.
-Each article and each course should carry a statement giving permission
-for translations.
-<p>To ensure accuracy of translation, the author of the original should
-reserve the right to insist on corrections in a translation. A translator
-should perhaps have to give the original author a reasonable amount of
-time to do this, perhaps three months, before publishing the translation
-in the first place. After that, the translator should continue to make
-corrections at the author's request, whenever the author asks for them.
-<p>In time, as the number of people involved in encyclopedia activity 
increases,
-contributors may form Translation Accuracy Societies for various languages,
-which undertake to ensure the accuracy of translations into those languages.
-An author could then designate a Translation Accuracy Society to check
-and correct a certain translation of a certain work. It may be wise to
-keep the Translation Accuracy Societies separate from the actual translators,
-so that each translation will be checked by someone other than the translator.
-<h4>
-Permit quotation with attribution.</h4>
-Each encyclopedia article or course should permit anyone to quote arbitrary
-portions in another encyclopedia article or course, provided proper attribution
-is given. This will make it possible to build on the work others have done,
-without the need to completely replace it.
-<p>Different authors may--if they care--set different rules for what 
constitutes
-proper attribution to them; that is ok. As long as the rules set for a
-particular work are not unreasonable or impractical, they will cause no
-problem.
-<h4>
-Permit modified versions of courses.</h4>
-Courses must evolve, and the original authors won't keep working on them
-forever. And teachers will want to adapt course materials to their own
-curriculum plans and teaching methods. Since courses will typically be
-large (like a textbook today), it would be unacceptably wasteful to tell
-teachers, "Write your own from scratch, if you want to change this". Therefore,
-modifying an existing course must be permitted; each course should carry
-a statement giving permission to publish a modified version. It makes sense
-to require modified versions to carry proper attribution giving credit
-to the authors of the previous version, and be labelled clearly as modified,
-so that there is no confusion about whose views they present.
-<p>The GNU Free Documentation License would be a good license to use for
-courses.
-<h4>
-Permit modified versions of pictures and videos, for courses.</h4>
-Pictures and videos, both drawn and photographic, will play an important
-role in many courses. Modifying these pictures and videos will be pedagogically
-useful. For example, you could crop a picture to focus attention on a certain
-feature, or circle or label particular features. Using false color can
-help make certain aspects easier to see. Image enhancement is also possible.
-<p>Beyond that, an altered version of a picture could illustrate a different
-but related idea. You could start with a diagram useful for one theorem
-in geometry, and add to it, to produce a diagram that is relevant to another
-theorem.
-<p>Permission to modify pictures and videos is particulary important because
-the alternative, to make your own picture or video from scratch, is often
-very hard. It is not terribly hard to write your own text, to convey certain
-facts from your own angle, but doing the same thing with a picture is not
-feasible.
-<p>Of course, modified versions of pictures and videos should be labeled
-as modified, to prevent misattribution of their contents, and should give
-credit properly to the original.
-<h4>
-Only free software in the encyclopedia.</h4>
-Articles, and especially courses, will often include software--for example,
-to display a simulation of a chemical reaction, or teach you how often
-to stir a sauce so it won't burn. To ensure that the encyclopedia is indeed
-free, all software included in articles and courses should meet the criteria
-of free software (http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) and open
-source software (http://www.opensource.org).
-<h4>
-No central control.</h4>
-People often suggest that "quality control" is essential for an encyclopedia,
-and ask what sort of "governing board" will decide which articles to accept
-as part of the free encyclopedia. The answer is, "no one". We cannot afford
-to let anyone have such control.
-<p>If the free encyclopedia is a success, it will become so ubiquitous
-and important that we dare not allow any organization to decide what counts
-as part of it. This organization would have too much power; people would
-seek to politicize or corrupt it, and could easily succeed.
-<p>The only solution to that problem is not to have any such organization,
-and reject the idea of centralized quality control. Instead, we should
-let everyone decide. If a web page is about a suitable topic, and meets
-the criteria for an article, then we can consider it an article. If a page
-meets the criteria for a course, then we can consider it a course.
-<p>But what some pages are erroneous, or even deceptive? We cannot assume
-this won't happen. But the corrective is for other articles to point out
-the error. Instead of having "quality control" by one privileged organization,
-we will have review by various groups, which will earn respect by their
-own policies and actions. In a world where no one is infallible, this is
-the best we can do.
-<h4>
-Encourage peer review and endorsements.</h4>
-There will be no single organization in charge of what to include in the
-encyclopedia or the learning resource, no one that can be lobbied to exclude
-"creation science" or holocaust denial (or, by the same token, lobbied
-to exclude evolution or the history of Nazi death camps). Where there is
-controversy, multiple views will be represented. So it will be useful for
-readers to be able to see who endorses or has reviewed a given article's
-version of the subject.
-<p>In fields such as science, engineering, and history, there are formal
-standards of peer review. We should encourage authors of articles and courses
-to seek peer review, both through existing formal scholarly mechanisms,
-and through the informal mechanism of asking respected names in the field
-for permission to cite their endorsement in the article or course.
-<p>A peer-review endorsement applies to one version of a work, not to modified
-versions. Therefore, when a course has peer-review endorsements, it should
-require anyone who publishes a modified version of the course to remove
-the endorsements. (The author of the modified version would be free to
-seek new endorsements for that version.)
-<h4>
-No catalogue, yet.</h4>
-When the encyclopedia is well populated, catalogues will be very important.
-But we should not try to address the issue of cataloguing now, because
-it is premature. What we need this year and for the coming years is to
-write articles. Once we have them, once we have a large number of volunteers
-producing a large number of articles, that will be the time to catalogue
-them. At that time, enough people will be interested in the encyclopedia
-to provide the manpower to do the work.
-<p>Since no one organization will be in charge of the encyclopedia, there
-cannot be one authoritative catalogue. Instead, anyone will be free to
-make a catalogue, just as anyone is free to provide peer review. Cataloguers
-will gain respect according to their decisions.
-<p>Encyclopedia pages will surely be listed in ordinary web search sites,
-and perhaps those are the only catalogues that will be needed. But true
-catalogues should permit redistribution, translation, and modification--that
-is, the criteria for courses should apply to catalogues as well.
-<p>What can usefully be done from the beginning is to report new encyclopedia
-articles to a particular site, which can record their names as raw material
-for real catalogues, whenever people start to write them. To start off,
-we will use http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia for this.
-<h4>
-Making links to other pages.</h4>
-The last and most important rule for pages in the encyclopedia is the 
exclusionary
-rule:
-<blockquote>If a page on the web covers subject matter that ought to be
-in the encyclopedia or the course library, but its license is too restricted
-to qualify, we must not make links to it from encyclopedia articles or
-from courses.</blockquote>
-This rule will make sure we respect our own rules, in the same way that
-the exclusionary rule for evidence is supposed to make police respect their
-own rules: by not allowing us to treat work which fails to meet the criteria
-as if it did meet them.
-<p>The idea of the World Wide Web is that links tie various separate pages
-into a larger whole. So when encyclopedia articles or courses link to a
-certain page, those links effectively make the page part of the encyclopedia.
-To claim otherwise would be self-deception. If we are to take seriously
-the criteria set forth above, or any criteria whatsoever, we have to base
-our actions on them, by not incorporating a page into our network of pages
-if it doesn't fit the criteria.
-<p>When a topic ought to be covered in the encyclopedia or with a course,
-but it isn't, we must make sure we don't forget that we have a gap. The
-exclusionary rule will remind us. Each time we think of making a link to
-the unacceptable page, and we stop because of the exclusionary rule, that
-will remind us that someone ought to write another page about the same
-topic--one that is free enough to be part of the encyclopedia. Eventually,
-one of us will do the job.
-<p>On the other hand, many web pages cover material that wouldn't normally
-be included in an encyclopedia--for example, scholarly papers, detailed
-statistical data bases, news reports, fiction and art, extensive 
bibliographies,
-and catalogs of merchandise. Such pages, regardless of whether they are
-free enough to be in the encyclopedia, are outside its scope. They do not
-represent gaps in the encyclopedia. So there is no need to apply the 
encyclopedia
-criteria in making links to such pages.
-<p>To produce a complete encyclopedia which satisfies the principles of
-freedom stated here will take a long time, but we will get it done 
eventually--as
-long as we remember the goal. The greatest danger is that we will lose
-sight of the goal and settle for less. The exclusionary rule will make
-sure we keep going all the way.
-<h4>
-Uphold the freedom to contribute.</h4>
-As education moves on-line and is increasingly commercialized, teachers
-are in danger of losing even the right to make their work freely available
-to the public. Some universities have tried to claim ownership over on-line
-materials produced by teachers, to turn it into commercial "courseware"
-with restricted use. Meanwhile, other universities have outsourced their
-on-line services to corporations, some of which claim to own all materials
-posted on the university web sites.
-<p>It will be up to professors to resist this tendency. But there is more
-than one way to do so. The most obvious basis for objection is to say,
-"I own this work, and I, not the university, have the right to sell it
-to a company if I wish". But that places the faculty on the same selfish
-moral level as the university, so that neither side has a moral advantage
-in the argument.
-<p>If, on the other hand, professors say, "I want to be able to make my
-work fully available to the public without restriction," they occupy the
-commanding moral position, which a university can oppose only by setting
-itself against the public, against learning, and against scholarship.
-<p>Resisting the selling of the university will not be easy. Professors
-had better make use of any advantage they can find--especially moral 
advantages.
-<p>Two other points that will help are that (1) a few prestigious universities
-will probably gobble up most of the commercial business, so other universities
-would be deluding themselves to think they can really get a great deal
-of funds from selling themselves, and (2) business is likely to drive even
-the
-elite universities out of the most lucrative parts of the field.
-<h3>
-Spread the word.</h3>
-When you post a potential encyclopedia article or a course, you can reference
-this plan if you wish, to help spread the word and inspire others to 
help.</blockquote>
-<!--
-  * If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general, all pages
-    on the GNU web server should have the section about verbatim
-    copying.  Please do NOT remove this without talking with the webmasters
-    first.
--->
-<P>
-<hr>
-
-<p><a id="translations"></a>
-<b>Translations of this page</b>:
-<br>
-[
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->
-<a href="announcement.html">English
-<!-- | A HREF="/boilerplate.LG.html" LANGUAGE /A  -->
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->
-</a> 
-|<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->
-<a href="announcement.es.html">Spanish
-<!-- | A HREF="/boilerplate.LG.html" LANGUAGE /A  -->
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->
-<!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->
-</a>
-]
-<P>
-<hr>
-
-<p>
-Return to <a href="/home.html">GNU's home page</a>.
-
-<p>
-Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries &amp; questions to <i><a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</a></i>.
-There are also <a href="/home.html#ContactInfo">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.
-
-<p>
-Please send comments on these web pages to <i><a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</a></i>,
-send other questions to
-<i><a href="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</a></i>.
-
-<p>
-Copyright &copy; 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 
Franklin St -
-Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
-
-<p>
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted
-in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
-
-<p>
-Updated:
-<!-- hhmts start -->
-$Date: 2008/04/27 10:03:58 $
-<!-- hhmts end -->
-<hr>
-</body>
-</html>




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