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www/encyclopedia free-encyclopedia.html
|
From: |
Karl Berry |
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Subject: |
www/encyclopedia free-encyclopedia.html |
|
Date: |
Wed, 25 Jun 2008 17:00:15 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Karl Berry <karl> 08/06/25 17:00:14
Modified files:
encyclopedia : free-encyclopedia.html
Log message:
mdash, 2008, typo
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=1.10
Patches:
Index: free-encyclopedia.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- free-encyclopedia.html 25 Apr 2008 12:36:55 -0000 1.9
+++ free-encyclopedia.html 25 Jun 2008 16:59:41 -0000 1.10
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
encyclopedia covering all areas of knowledge, and a complete library
of instructional courses. This outcome could happen without any
special effort, if no one interferes. But corporations are mobilizing
-now to direct the future down a different track--one in which they
+now to direct the future down a different track—one in which they
control and restrict access to learning materials, so as to extract
money from people who want to learn.
</p>
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
In the past, encyclopedias have been written under the direction of a
single organization, which made all decisions about the content, and
have been published in a centralized fashion. It would not make sense
-to develop and publish the free encyclopedia in those ways--they fit
+to develop and publish the free encyclopedia in those ways—they fit
poorly with the nature of the World Wide Web and with the resources
available for writing the encyclopedia.
</p>
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
subjects such as gardening as well, to the extent this makes sense.
(Some practical subjects, such as massage or instrumental ensemble
playing, may not be possible to study from a "book" without a human
-teacher--these are arguably less useful to include.) It should cover
+teacher—these are arguably less useful to include.) It should cover
these subjects at all the levels that are useful, which might in some
cases range from first grade to graduate school.
</p>
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
particular level, and each author will contribute mainly by focusing
on an area that he or she knows very well. But we should keep in the
back of our minds, while doing this, the vision of a free encyclopedia
-that is universal in scope--so that we can firmly reject any attempt
+that is universal in scope—so that we can firmly reject any attempt
to put artificial limits on either the scope or the free status of the
encyclopedia.
</p>
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@
<p>
Conventional non-free encyclopedias published by companies such as
Microsoft will surely be made available on the web, sooner or
-later--but you will probably have to pay to read an article, and you
+later—but you will probably have to pay to read an article, and you
surely won't be allowed to redistribute them. If we are content with
knowledge as a commodity, accessible only through a computerized
bureaucracy, we can simply let companies provide it.
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
<p>
But if we want to keep human knowledge open and freely available to
humanity, we have to do the work to make it available that way. We
-have to write a free encyclopedia--so we must first determine the
+have to write a free encyclopedia—so we must first determine the
proper interpretation of "free" for an encyclopedia on the Internet.
We must decide what criteria of freedom a free encyclopedia and a free
learning resource should meet.
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@
<p>
When information is available on the web only at one site, its
-availability is vulnerable. A local problem--a computer crash, an
+availability is vulnerable. A local problem—a computer crash, an
earthquake or flood, a budget cut, a change in policy of the school
-administration--could cut off access for everyone forever. To guard
+administration—could cut off access for everyone forever. To guard
against loss of the encyclopedia's material, we should make sure that
every piece of the encyclopedia is available from many sites on the
Internet, and that new copies can be put up if some disappear.
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
</p>
<p>
Some day there may be systematic efforts to ensure that each article
-and course is replicated in many copies--perhaps at least once on each
+and course is replicated in many copies—perhaps at least once on each
of the six inhabited continents. This would be a natural extension of
the mission of archiving that libraries undertake today. But it would
be premature to make formal plans for this now. It is sufficient for
@@ -284,8 +284,8 @@
<p>
People will have a use for encyclopedia material on each topic in
-every human language. But the primary language of the Internet--as of
-the world of commerce and science today--is English. Most likely,
+every human language. But the primary language of the Internet—as of
+the world of commerce and science today—is English. Most likely,
encyclopedia contributions in English will run ahead of other
languages, and the encyclopedia will approach completeness in English
first.
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
the work others have done, without the need to completely replace it.
</p>
<p>
-Different authors may--if they care--set different rules for what
+Different authors may—if they care—set different rules for what
constitutes proper attribution to them; that is ok. As long as the
rules set for a particular work are not unreasonable or impractical,
they will cause no problem.
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@
relevant to another theorem.
</p>
<p>
-Permission to modify pictures and videos is particulary important
+Permission to modify pictures and videos is particularly important
because the alternative, to make your own picture or video from
scratch, is often very hard. It is not terribly hard to write your
own text, to convey certain facts from your own angle, but doing the
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
<h4>Only free software in the encyclopedia.</h4>
<p>
-Articles, and especially courses, will often include software--for
+Articles, and especially courses, will often include software—for
example, to display a simulation of a chemical reaction, or teach you
how often to stir a sauce so it won't burn. To ensure that the
encyclopedia is indeed free, all software included in articles and
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@
Encyclopedia pages will surely be listed in ordinary web search sites,
and perhaps those are the only catalogues that will be needed. But
true catalogues should permit redistribution, translation, and
-modification--that is, the criteria for courses should apply to
+modification—that is, the criteria for courses should apply to
catalogues as well.
</p>
<p>
@@ -534,12 +534,12 @@
The exclusionary rule will remind us. Each time we think of making a
link to the unacceptable page, and we stop because of the exclusionary
rule, that will remind us that someone ought to write another page
-about the same topic--one that is free enough to be part of the
+about the same topic—one that is free enough to be part of the
encyclopedia. Eventually, one of us will do the job.
</p>
<p>
On the other hand, many web pages cover material that wouldn't
-normally be included in an encyclopedia--for example, scholarly
+normally be included in an encyclopedia—for example, scholarly
papers, detailed statistical data bases, news reports, fiction and
art, extensive bibliographies, and catalogs of merchandise. Such
pages, regardless of whether they are free enough to be in the
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
<p>
To produce a complete encyclopedia which satisfies the principles of
freedom stated here will take a long time, but we will get it done
-eventually--as long as we remember the goal. The greatest danger is
+eventually—as long as we remember the goal. The greatest danger is
that we will lose sight of the goal and settle for less. The
exclusionary rule will make sure we keep going all the way.
</p>
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@
</p>
<p>
Resisting the selling of the university will not be easy. Professors
-had better make use of any advantage they can find--especially moral
+had better make use of any advantage they can find—especially moral
advantages.
</p>
<p>
@@ -672,8 +672,8 @@
</p>
<p>
-Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston,
-MA 02110-1301, USA
+Copyright 1999, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008 Free Software Foundation,
+Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
<P>
Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@
<p>
Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2008/04/25 12:36:55 $
+$Date: 2008/06/25 16:59:41 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
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