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www/philosophy schools.uz.html
|
From: |
Alex Muntada |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy schools.uz.html |
|
Date: |
Thu, 26 Apr 2007 22:23:10 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Alex Muntada <alex_muntada> 07/04/26 22:23:10
Added files:
philosophy : schools.uz.html
Log message:
Added Uzbek translation by Behzod Saidov (RT#334064)
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/schools.uz.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: schools.uz.html
===================================================================
RCS file: schools.uz.html
diff -N schools.uz.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ schools.uz.html 26 Apr 2007 22:22:56 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="uz" lang="uz">
+
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
+<link rev="translated" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
+<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/graphics/gnu-head-mini.png" />
+
+<title>Nega maktablar faqat erkin dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanishi kerak?
- GNU Loyihasi - Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar fondi(EDTF)</title>
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="/gnu-new.css" title="All-new GNU Project style" />
+<style type="text/css" media="print">
address@hidden url('/gnu-print.css');
+</style>
+
+</head>
+
+<body id="foo">
+
+ <div id="wrapper">
+
+ <p class="netscape4"><a href="#content" accesskey="2">Matnga o'tish</a> |
<a href="#amspita">Harakatlanish paneliga o'tish</a></p>
+
+ <div id="top2">
+
+ <div id="banner">
+
+ <h1>GNU's Not Unix! - Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar, Erkin jamiyat</h1>
+
+
+ <div id="gnulogo"><a href="/" accesskey="1" title="GNU loyihasi bosh
sahifasiga o'tish"><img src="/graphics/gnu-head-banner.png" alt="" /></a></div>
+
+ <div id="dbdlogo"><a href="http://badvista.fsf.org/"; title="Bad
Vista"><img src="/graphics/badvista-trash.png" alt="" /></a></div>
+
+ <ul id="links">
+ <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/philosophy/free-sw.html";>Erkin
dasturiy ta'minotlar nima?</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/join"; title="Bugunoq a'zo
bo'ling!">Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar fondiga qo'shilish</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/register_form"; title="Yangiliklarni
pochta va elektron ko'rinishda qabul qilish uchun ro'yxatdan o'ting">EDTF
xabarlarini olish</a></li>
+
+ </ul>
+
+
+ </div>
+
+ <h5 class="netscape4" id="amspita">Saytda harakatlanish</h5>
+
+ <div id="navigation-bar">
+ <div id="navbar">
+ <ul>
+ <li id="tabMenu"><a href="/">Bosh sahifa</a></li>
+ <li id="tabAboutGNU"><a href="/gnu/">GNU haqida</a></li>
+ <li id="tabSoftware"><a href="/software/">Dasturiy
ta'monitlar</a></li>
+ <li id="tabPhilosophy"><a href="/philosophy/">Falsafa</a></li>
+ <li id="tabLicenses"><a href="/licenses/">Litsenziyalar</a></li>
+ <li id="tabDocumentation"><a href="/doc/">Hujjatlar</a></li>
+ <li id="tabHelpGNU"><a href="/help/">GNU'ga yordam</a></li>
+ <li id="tabContactUs"><a href="/contact/">Biz bilan
bog'laning</a></li>
+ <li id="tabGPLv3"><a href="http://gplv3.fsf.org/";>GPLv3</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ <div id="columns">
+<div id="content">
+
+<h1>Nega maktablar faqat erkin dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanishi kerak?</h1>
+
+<p>Muallif: <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+
+<p>Barcha kompyuter foydalanuvchilari nega erkin dasturiy ta'minotlarga
+to'xtalishlari kerakligiga bir qator sabablar mavjud. U
+foydalanuvchilarga o'z komyuterlarini boshqarish erkinligini beradi -
+proprietar dastur boshqaruvi ostidagi kompyuter esa dastur
+foydalanuvchisi xoxlaganidek emas, balki uni tuzgan egasi xoxlaganidek
+ishlaydi. Erkin dasturiy ta'minot foydalanuvchilarga to'g'ri (qonuniy)
+hayot yo'lida borishda o'zaro hamkorlik qilish erkinligini ham beradi.
+Bu sabablar barcha kabi maktablarga ham taalluqlidir.</p>
+
+<p>Lekin, maktablar uchun taalluqli bo'lgan maxsus sabablar ham mavjud.
+Ular ushbu maqolaning o'rganish ob'ekti bo'lib xizmat qiladi.</p>
+
+<p>Birinchidan, erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar maktab mablag'larini tejashi
+mumkin. Hattoki eng boy davlatlarda ham maktablarda mablag' tanqisligi
+kuzatiladi. Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar maktablarga barcha boshqa
+foydalanuvchilar kabi dasturlarni nusxasini olish va tarqatish
+erkinligini beradi, shunday ekan, maktab tizimi o'zining barcha
+kompyuterlari uchun dasturdan nusxa olishlari va o'rnatishlari mumkin.
+Aholi daromadi past davlatlarda bu raqamli bo'linish
+muammosini hal qilishda yordam beradi.</p>
+
+
+<p>Bu aniq va ravshan hamda muhim, ammo biroz yuzaki sabab. Proprietar
+dasturiy mahsulot tuzuvchilari o'z mahsulotlari nusxalarini maktablar
+uchun bepul taqdim qilib bu kamchilikni yo'qqa chiqarishlari mumkin.
+(Ehtiyot bo'ling! -- bu taklifni qabul qilgan maktab kelajakdagi
+yangilanishlar uchun pul to'lashi mumkin.) Shunday ekan, keling,
+chuqurroq sabablarga e'tibor beraylik.</p>
+
+<p>Maktablar o'quvchilarga butun jamiyat uchun foydali bo'lgan hayot
+yo'llarini o'rgatishlari lozim. Ular erkin dasturiy ta'minotlarni
+atrof-muhitni chiqindilardan asrashni targ'ib qilgandek targ'ib
+qilishlari kerak. Agar maktablar o'quvchilarga erkin dasturiy
+ta'minotlarni o'rgatadigan bo'lsa, ular maktabni bitirgach ham erkin
+dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanadilar. Bu jamiyatning mega
+korporatsiyalar tomonidan egallab olinishidan (va aldanishidan)
+himoyalashda yordam beradi. Korporatsiyalarning dastur namunalarini
+maktablarga bepul taqdim qilishining sababi tamaki kompaniyalarining
+bolalar o'rganib qolishi uchun bepul sigaretalar tarqatishi sababi bilan
+bir xil<a href="#1">(1)</a>. Ular bu o'quvchilar voyaga yetib maktabni
+tugatgach hech qanday chegirmalar taqdim qilishmaydi.</p>
+
+
+<p>Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar o'quvchilarga dastur qanday ishlashini
+o'rganishga ruxsat beradi. O'quvchilar balog'atga yetishgach ayrimlari
+kompyuter tizimlari va dasturiy ta'minotlari haqida barcha narsalarni
+o'rganishga harakat qilishadi. Bu yosh esa, yaxshi dasturchi bo'lib
+yetishadigan odamlarning ko'p narsalarni o'rganadigan vaqtidir. Yaxshi
+dastur tuzishni o'rganish uchun, o'quvchilar ko'pdan ko'p dastur
+kodlarini o'qishlari va yozishlari kerak. Ular odamlar haqiqatda
+ishlatadigan haqiqiy dasturlarni o'qishlari va tushunishlari lozim.
+Ular uchun o'zlari har kuni ishlatadigan dasturlarning dastlabki kodini
+o'qish juda qiziqarli bo'ladi.</p>
+
+<p>Proprietar daturiy ta'minotlar ularning bilimga bo'lgan
+chanqoqligini so'ndiradi: "Sen o'rganmoqchi bo'lgan bilim maxfiy -
+o'rganish taqiqlanadi!" - deydi u. Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar hammani
+o'rganishga da'vat qiladi. Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar hamjamiyati keng
+ommani texnologiya qanday ishlashini bilishdan to'xtatadigan
+"texnologiya sirliligi"ni rad qiladi; biz har qanday yoshdagi va
+holatdagi o'quvchilarni dastlabki kodni o'qishga va o'zlari xoxlancha
+o'rganishga chaqiramiz. Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanadigan
+maktablar dasturlashga qiziqadigan o'quvchilarni kamol topishiga yordam
+beradi.</p>
+
+<p>Maktablarda erkin dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanishga keyingi
+sabab yanada chuqurroq darajaga ega. Bizningcha, maktablarda
+o'quvchilar asosiy faktlar va foydali malakalarni o'rgatishadi, ammo bu
+maktablarning to'liq vazifasini belgilab bermaydi. Maktablarning asosiy
+vazifasi odamlarni yaxshi fuqaro bo'lishga va yaxshi qo'shnilar
+bo'lishga -- yordamga muhtojlar bilan hamkorlik qilishga o'rgatish
+bo'lib hisoblanadi. Kompyuterlar sohasida esa, bu ularga dasturiy
+ta'minotlarni birgalikda ishlatishni o'rgatish ma'nosini anglatadi.
+Hammasidan oldin, boshlang'ich maktablar o'z o'quvchilariga "Agar sen
+maktabga dasturiy ta'monotlar olib keladigan bo'lsang, uni boshqa
+bolalar bilan bo'lishishing(birgalikda ishlatishing) kerak" deb
+o'rgatishlari lozim. Albatta, maktablar ham o'z aytgan so'zlariga
+intilishlari kerak: maktabda o'rnatilgan barcha dasturiy ta'minotlarni
+o'quvchilar nusxa olishi, uyga olib ketishi va keyin qayta tarqatishi
+mumkin bo'lishi kerak.</p>
+
+<p>O'quvchilarga erkinda dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanishni va erkin
+dasturiy ta'minotlar hamjamiyatiga qo'shilishni o'rgatish, bu -- amaliy
+fuqarolik darsidir. Bundan tashqari, u o'quvchilarga sanoat va
+moliya magnatlari xizmati modelini emas, balki jamiyatdagi o'zaro
+xizmatlar (hamkorlik) modelini o'rgatadi. Barcha ta'lim muassasalari
+erkin dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanishlari kerak.</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li><cite><a name="1"></a>RJ Reynolds tamaki kompaniyasi 2002-yilda
+bollalar qatnashgan tadbirda bepul sigaretalar tarqatgani uchun 15
+million AQSH dollari hajmida jarimaga tortilgan. Qarang: <a
href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm";>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm</a>.
+</cite></li>
+</ol>
+
+</div>
+
+ <!-- beginning of sidebar.html -->
+
+<div id="sidebar" class="boxbox">
+ <h3 class="netscape4">Saytda harakatlanish</h3>
+
+ <h3>Asosiy resurslar</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a
href="http://www.fsf.org/campaigns/priority.html"; style="font-weight: bold;"
title="Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar hamjamiyati asosiy loyihasiga yordam yoki
maslahatlar berish">Asosiy loyihaga yordam</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://gplv3.fsf.org/";
style="font-weight: bold;" title="GNU GPL va boshqalarni ko'rib chiqish va
tahrirlashga yordamlashish">GNU litsenziyalari tahriri</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/links/links.html#FreeGNULinuxDistributions" style="font-weight: bold;"
title="Erkin GNU/Linux
distributivlari">Erkin GNU/Linux distributivlari</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://directory.fsf.org/";
title="Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar loyihalari direktoriyasini
ko'rish">Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar direktoriyasi</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/software/" title="GNU dasturiy
ta'minotlar paketlari ro'yxati">GNU dasturiy ta'minotlar paketlari</a></li>
+ </ul>
+
+
+ <h3>Yangiliklardan xabardor bo'lish</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a
href="http://www.fsf.org/register_form";>EDTFdan e-mail orqali xabarlar olish</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/keepingup.html" title="GNU
loyihasining oxirgi yangiliklaridan xabardor
bo'lsih">Yangiliklardan xabardor bo'lish</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://lists.gnu.org/";
title="Boshqa erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar foydalanuvchilari va tuzuvchilari
bilan suhbatlashish">GNU e-mail ro'yxatlari</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/people/speakers.html">GNU
notiqlari</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/gnu-user-groups.html"
title="O'z hududingizdagi erkin dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanadigan va
ularni tuzadigan kishilar bilan uchrashish">GNU foydalanuvchi guruhlari</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/press/press.html">Nashrlar
ma'lumotlari</a></li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <h3>Dasturchilar uchun</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://savannah.gnu.org/";
title="Biznibg biror dasturiy ta'minot loyihamizga
qo'shilish">Loyihalar</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/software/devel.html" title="Siz
dasturchilisiz? Dasturchilar uchun resurslarga murojaat qilish">Dasturchilar
uchun resurslar</a></li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div id="supportfsf">
+ <h3>EDTF'ni qo'llab quvvatlang</h3>
+
+ <div style="margin: 1.5em; padding: 0.5em;
text-align: center; background-color: white; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 1em;
-moz-border-radius-topright: 1em; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 1em;
-moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 1em;">
+
+ <p><a
href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/join_fsf";><img
src="schools-en_files/joinfsf" alt=""></a></p>
+
+ <p><a
href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/join_fsf";><strong>EDTF'ga
qo'shiling!</strong></a></p>
+
+ <p><a
href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/donate";><img
src="schools-en_files/donatefsf" alt=""></a></p>
+
+ <p><a
href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/donate";>EDTF'ga homiylik
qiling!</a></p>
+
+ </div>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://order.fsf.org/";>Qo'llanmalar
hamda xar-xil naraslarni xarid qilish</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://patron.fsf.org/";>Korporativ
hamkorlik</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/thankgnus/thankgnus.html">GNU
rahmatnomalari</a></li>
+ </ul></div>
+
+ <h3>Kulgu uchun</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/graphics/graphics.html">GNU
tasvirlari va rasmlari</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/fun/humor.html">GNU bilan
kulish</a></li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <h3>Boshqa resurslar</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/links/links.html">Erkin dasturiy
ta'minotlarga bog'lar</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/jobs">Erkin dasturiy ta'minotlar
bo'yicha ishlar</a></li>
+ </ul>
+
+
+</div>
+
+<!-- end of sidebar.html -->
+
+ <!-- close columns -->
+</div>
+
+ <!-- BEGIN FSFlinks -->
+<div id="fsflinks">
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/";>EDTF</a></li>
+ <!-- link restored by mattl -->
+ <li><a href="http://www.fsfeurope.org/";>EDTF Yevropa</a></li>
+ <!-- link restored by mattl -->
+ <li><a href="http://fsf.org.in/";>EDTF Hindiston</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.fsfla.org/";>EDTF Lotin amerikasi</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#translations" style="color: yellow ! important;">Ushbu
sahifaning tarjimalari</a></li>
+ </ul>
+</div>
+
+ <!-- END FSFlinks -->
+
+
+
+
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>
+<a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">O'qish uchun boshqa maqolalar</a>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>O'zbek tiliga tarjima:</b> Behzod Saidov
<behzodsaidov[at]gmail.com>, 2007.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Iltimos, EDTF va GNU bo'yicha savollarni <a
href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>
+murojaatga yozing. EDTF'ga murojaat qilish uchun <a href="/contact">boshqa
+usullardan</a> ham foydalanishingiz mumkin.<br>
+Iltimos, ishlamaydigan bog'larni va boshqa to'g'rilashlarni (yoki takliflarni)
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a> manziliga yuboring.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Iltimos, ushbu sahifa tarjimasini boshqarish va yangi tarjimalarni qo'shish
haqida
+ma'lumot olish uchun <a href="/server/standards/README.translations">
+TranslationsREADME</a> sahifasini o'qing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright © 2003 Richard Stallman
+<br>
+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are permitted
+without royalty in any medium provided this notice is preserved.
+</p>
+<p>
+Oxirgi tahrir:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2007/04/26 22:22:56 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div id="translations">
+<h4>Ushbu sahifaning tarjimalari</h4>
+
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical. -->
+<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is Deutsch.-->
+<!-- If you add a new language here, please -->
+<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
+<!-- - /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
+<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
+<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
+<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
+<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
+<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
+<!-- <URL:http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm> -->
+<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities -->
+
+<ul class="translations-list">
+<!-- Bulgarian -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.bg.html">бÑлгаÑÑки</a> [bg]</li>
+<!-- Catalan -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.ca.html">Català </a> [ca]</li>
+<!-- German -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.de.html">Deutsch</a> [de]</li>
+<!-- Greek -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.el.html">Îλληνικά</a> [el]</li>
+<!-- English -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.html">English</a> [en]</li>
+<!-- Spanish -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.es.html">Español</a> [es]</li>
+<!-- French -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.fr.html">Français</a> [fr]</li>
+<!-- Italian -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.it.html">Italiano</a> [it]</li>
+<!-- Dutch -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.nl.html">Nederlands</a> [nl]</li>
+<!-- Polish -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.pl.html">Polski</a> [pl]</li>
+<!-- Uzbek -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.uz.html">O'zbekcha</a> [uz]</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+</body></html>
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