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www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html
|
From: |
Joakim Olsson |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html |
|
Date: |
Thu, 29 Mar 2007 18:58:55 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Joakim Olsson <jocke> 07/03/29 18:58:55
Modified files:
philosophy : words-to-avoid.html
Log message:
Updated template as requested by mattl.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.63&r2=1.64
Patches:
Index: words-to-avoid.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html,v
retrieving revision 1.63
retrieving revision 1.64
diff -u -b -r1.63 -r1.64
--- words-to-avoid.html 29 Mar 2007 17:05:41 -0000 1.63
+++ words-to-avoid.html 29 Mar 2007 18:58:51 -0000 1.64
@@ -1,26 +1,10 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en">
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<head>
<title>Confusing Words and Phrases that are Worth Avoiding - GNU Project -
Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content='text/html; charset=utf-8' />
-<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/gnu.css" />
-<link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
-</head>
-
-<!-- This document is in XML, and xhtml 1.0 -->
-<!-- Please make sure to properly nest your tags -->
-<!-- and ensure that your final document validates -->
-<!-- consistent with W3C xhtml 1.0 and CSS standards -->
-<!-- See validator.w3.org -->
-<body>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<p><a href="#translations">Translations</a> of this page</p>
-
-<h3>Some Confusing or Loaded Words and Phrases that are Worth Avoiding</h3>
+<h2>Some Confusing or Loaded Words and Phrases that are Worth Avoiding</h2>
<p>
<a href="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><img
src="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
@@ -36,66 +20,10 @@
not entirely agree with.</p>
<p>
- <a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Other Texts to Read</a>
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#BSD-style"
- name="TOCBSD-style">BSD-style</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Closed"
- name="TOCClosed">Closed</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Commercial"
- name="TOCCommercial">Commercial</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Consumer"
- name="TOCConsumer">Consumer</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Content"
- name="TOCContent">Content</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Creator"
- name="TOCCreator">Creator</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#DigitalRightsManagement"
- name="TOCDigitalRightsManagement">Digital Rights Management</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Ecosystem"
- name="TOCEcosystem">Ecosystem</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#ForFree"
- name="TOCForFree">For free</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#FreelyAvailable"
- name="TOCFreelyAvailable">Freely available</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Freeware"
- name="TOCFreeware">Freeware</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware"
- name="TOCGiveAwaySoftware">Give away software</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty"
- name="TOCIntellectualProperty">Intellectual property</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#LAMP"
- name="TOCLAMP">LAMP system</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Market"
- name="TOCMarket">Market</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#MP3Player"
- name="TOCMarket">MP3 player</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Open"
- name="TOCOpen">Open</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Piracy"
- name="TOCPiracy">Piracy</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Protection"
- name="TOCProtection">Protection</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#RAND"
- name="TOCRAND">RAND</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#SellSoftware"
- name="TOCSellSoftware">Sell software</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#SoftwareIndustry"
- name="TOCSoftwareIndustry">Software Industry</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Theft"
- name="TOCTheft">Theft</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TrustedComputing"
- name="TOCTrustedComputing">Trusted Computing</a>"
-| "<a href="words-to-avoid.html#Vendor"
- name="TOCVendor">Vendor</a>"
-| <a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Other Texts to Read</a>
-</p>
-
-<p>
Also note <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories
of Free Software</a>.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCBSD-style"
- name="BSD-style">BSD-style</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="BSD-style">BSD-style</a>"</h4>
<p>
The expression "BSD-style license" leads to confusion because it
<a href="/philosophy/bsd.html">lumps together licenses that have
@@ -107,8 +35,7 @@
the specific license in question</a> and avoid the vague term "BSD-style."</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCClosed"
- name="Closed">Closed</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Closed">Closed</a>"</h4>
<p>
Describing non-free software as "closed" clearly refers to the term
"open source". In the Free Software Movement,
@@ -121,8 +48,7 @@
"proprietary"</a>.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCCommercial"
- name="Commercial">Commercial</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Commercial">Commercial</a>"</h4>
<p>
Please don't use "commercial" as a synonym for "non-free."
That confuses two entirely different issues.</p>
@@ -147,8 +73,7 @@
be careful not to use the word "commercial" in that way.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCConsumer"
- name="Consumer">Consumer</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Consumer">Consumer</a>"</h4>
<p>
The term "consumer", when used to refer to computer users,
carries unfortunate assumptions.</p>
@@ -171,8 +96,7 @@
computers, we suggest terms such as "individuals" and "citizens".</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCContent"
- name="Content">Content</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Content">Content</a>"</h4>
<p>
If you want to describe a feeling of comfort and satisfaction, by all
means say you are "content", but using it as a noun to describe
@@ -199,8 +123,7 @@
providers".</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCCreator"
- name="Creator">Creator</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Creator">Creator</a>"</h4>
<p>
The term "creator" as applied to authors implicitly compares them to
a deity ("the creator"). The term is used by publishers to elevate
@@ -210,8 +133,7 @@
many cases "copyright holder" is what you really mean.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCDigitalRightsManagement"
- name="DigitalRightsManagement">Digital Rights Management</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="DigitalRightsManagement">Digital Rights Management</a>"</h4>
<p>
"Digital Rights Management" software is actually designed to impose
restrictions on computer users. The use of the word "rights" in
@@ -223,8 +145,7 @@
Restrictions Malware", and "handcuffware".</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCEcosystem"
- name="Ecosystem">Ecosystem</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Ecosystem">Ecosystem</a>"</h4>
<p>
It is a mistake to describe our community (or any community) as an
"ecosystem", because that word implies the absence of (1) intension
@@ -241,8 +162,7 @@
computer users' freedom.
</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCForFree"
- name="ForFree">For free</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="ForFree">For free</a>"</h4>
<p>
If you want to say that a program is free software, please don't say
that it is available "for free." That term specifically means "for
@@ -258,8 +178,12 @@
free software."</p>
+<<<<<<< words-to-avoid.html
+<h4>"<a name="FreelyAvailable">Freely Available</a>"</h4>
+=======
<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCFreelyAvailable"
name="FreelyAvailable">Freely available</a>"</h4>
+>>>>>>> 1.63
<p>
Don't use "freely available" as a synonym for "free software." They
are not equivalent. "Freely available" means that anyone can easily
@@ -267,9 +191,13 @@
users that have a copy. These are answers to different questions.
</p>
+<<<<<<< words-to-avoid.html
+<h4>"<a name="Freeware">Freeware</a>"</h4>
+=======
<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCFreeware"
name="Freeware">Freeware</a>"</h4>
+>>>>>>> 1.63
<p>
Please don't use the term "freeware" as a synonym for "free software."
The term "freeware" was used often in the 1980s for programs
@@ -290,8 +218,7 @@
it says, they will really understand what the issue is.
</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCGiveAwaySoftware"
- name="GiveAwaySoftware">Give away software</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="GiveAwaySoftware">Give away software</a>"</h4>
<p>
It's misleading to use the term "give away" to mean "distribute a
program as free software." It has the same problem as "for free":
@@ -299,8 +226,7 @@
the confusion is to say "release as free software."</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCIntellectualProperty"
- name="IntellectualProperty">Intellectual property</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="IntellectualProperty">Intellectual property</a>"</h4>
<p>
Publishers and lawyers like to describe copyright as "intellectual
property"—a term that also includes patents, trademarks, and other
@@ -326,8 +252,7 @@
<a href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html">
starting to make WIPO embarassed</a>.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCLAMP"
- name="LAMP">LAMP system</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="LAMP">LAMP system</a>"</h4>
<p>
"LAMP" stands for "Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP"—a common
@@ -336,6 +261,9 @@
be "GLAMP": "GNU, Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP"
</p>
+<<<<<<< words-to-avoid.html
+<h4>"<a name="Market">Market</a>"</h4>
+=======
<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCMP3Player"
name="MP3Player">MP3 player</a>"</h4>
@@ -352,6 +280,7 @@
<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCMarket"
name="Market">Market</a>"</h4>
+>>>>>>> 1.63
<p>
It is misleading to describe the users of free software, or the
@@ -368,8 +297,7 @@
away from a rival. To equate this campaign for freedom to a business'
campaign for mere success is to diminish the significance of freedom.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCOpen"
- name="Open">Open</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Open">Open</a>"</h4>
<p>
Please avoid using the word "open" as a substitute for "free
software". A <a href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">
@@ -380,8 +308,7 @@
we are their supporters.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCPiracy"
- name="Piracy">Piracy</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Piracy">Piracy</a>"</h4>
<p>
Publishers often refer to prohibited copying as "piracy." In this
way, they imply that illegal copying is ethically equivalent to
@@ -396,8 +323,7 @@
neighbor."</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCProtection"
- name="Protection">Protection</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Protection">Protection</a>"</h4>
<p>
Publishers' lawyers love to use the term "protection" to describe
copyright. This word carries the implication of preventing
@@ -414,8 +340,7 @@
restrictions last a very long time."</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCRAND"
- name="RAND">RAND (reasonable and non-discriminatory)</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="RAND">RAND (reasonable and non-discriminatory)</a>"</h4>
<p>
Standards bodies that promulgate patent-restricted standards that
prohibit free software typically have a policy of obtaining patent
@@ -443,8 +368,7 @@
licenses is a uniform royalty fee.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCSellSoftware"
- name="SellSoftware">Sell software</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="SellSoftware">Sell software</a>"</h4>
<p>
The term "sell software" is ambiguous. Strictly speaking,
exchanging a copy of a free program for a sum of money is "selling";
@@ -458,8 +382,7 @@
more discussion of this issue.</p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCSoftwareIndustry"
- name="SoftwareIndustry">Software Industry</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="SoftwareIndustry">Software Industry</a>"</h4>
<p>
The term "software industry" encourages people to imagine
that software is always developed by a sort of factory
@@ -477,8 +400,7 @@
of material goods".</a></p>
-<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCTheft"
- name="Theft">Theft</a>"</h4>
+<h4>"<a name="Theft">Theft</a>"</h4>
<p>
Copyright apologists often use words like "stolen" and "theft" to
describe copyright infringement. At the same time, they ask us to
@@ -496,6 +418,9 @@
upside down.</p>
+<<<<<<< words-to-avoid.html
+<h4>"<a name="Vendor">Vendor</a>"</h4>
+=======
<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCTrustedComputing"
name="TrustedComputing">Trusted Computing</a>"</h4>
<p>
@@ -508,6 +433,7 @@
<h4>"<a href="words-to-avoid.html#TOCVendor"
name="Vendor">Vendor</a>"</h4>
+>>>>>>> 1.63
<p>
Please don't use the term "vendor" to refer generally to anyone that
develops or packages a software package. Many programs are developed
@@ -529,84 +455,81 @@
Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>.</h4>
<h4><a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Other Texts to Read</a></h4>
-<hr />
-<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
-<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
-<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
-<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
-<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
-
-<div class="translations">
-<p><a id="translations"></a>
-<b>Translations of this page</b>:<br />
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
-<!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
-<!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
-<!-- English is. If you add a new language here, please -->
-<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
-<!-- - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
-<!-- - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
-<!-- one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
-<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
-<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
-<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
-<!-- http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
-
-[
- <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.ca.html">Català</a> <!-- Catalan
-->
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.cs.html">Česky</a> <!--
Czech -->
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">English</a>
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.es.html">Español</a> <!--
Spanish -->
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.fr.html">Français</a> <!--
French -->
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.it.html">Italiano</a> <!--
Italian -->
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.ja.html">日本語</a>
<!-- Japanese -->
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.pl.html">Polski</a> <!-- Polish -->
-| <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.pt.html">Português</a> <!--
Portugese -->
-| <a
href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.ru.html">Русский</a>
<!-- Russian -->
-| <a
href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.sr.html">Српски</a>
<!-- Serbian -->
-]
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class="copyright">
-<p>
-Return to the <a href="/home.html">GNU Project home page</a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-There are also <a href="/home.html#ContactInfo">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.
-<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-</p>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<p>
-Please see the
-<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
-translations of this article.
-</p>
+<div id="footer">
+ <p>
+ Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
+ <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+ There are also <a href="http://www.fsf.org/about/contact.html";>other ways
to contact</a>
+ the FSF.
+ <br />
+ Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
+ <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Please see the
+ <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
+ translations of this article.
+ </p>
-<p>
+ <p>
Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007 Free
Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA
-<br />
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
-permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2007/03/29 17:05:41 $ $Author: rms $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
+ <br />
+ Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+ permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is
+ preserved.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Updated:
+ <!-- timestamp start -->
+ $Date: 2007/03/29 18:58:51 $
+ <!-- timestamp end -->
+ </p>
</div>
+<div id="translations">
+ <h4>Translations of this page</h4>
+
+ <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
+ <!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
+ <!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
+ <!-- English is. If you add a new language here, please -->
+ <!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
+ <!-- - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
+ <!-- - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
+ <!-- one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
+ <!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
+ <!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
+ <!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
+ <!-- http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
+
+ <ul class="translations-list">
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.ca.html">Català</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.cs.html">Česky</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">English</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.es.html">Español</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.fr.html">Français</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.it.html">Italiano</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.ja.html">日本語
+ </a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.pl.html">Polski</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.pt.html">Português</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.ru.html">
+ Русский</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.sr.html">
+ Српски</a></li>
+ </li>
+
+ </ul>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
</body>
</html>
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Karl Berry, 2007/03/25
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Richard M. Stallman, 2007/03/29
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html,
Joakim Olsson <=
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Joakim Olsson, 2007/03/29
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Matt Lee, 2007/03/29
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Joakim Olsson, 2007/03/30
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Joakim Olsson, 2007/03/30
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Joakim Olsson, 2007/03/30
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Karl Berry, 2007/03/31
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html, Karl Berry, 2007/03/31