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www/gnu why-gnu-linux.html
|
From: |
Yavor Doganov |
|
Subject: |
www/gnu why-gnu-linux.html |
|
Date: |
Thu, 08 Mar 2007 21:22:15 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Yavor Doganov <yavor> 07/03/08 21:22:15
Modified files:
gnu : why-gnu-linux.html
Log message:
* Templated.
* Added missing links to the Czech and Greek translations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.24&r2=1.25
Patches:
Index: why-gnu-linux.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html,v
retrieving revision 1.24
retrieving revision 1.25
diff -u -b -r1.24 -r1.25
--- why-gnu-linux.html 3 Mar 2007 15:09:27 -0000 1.24
+++ why-gnu-linux.html 8 Mar 2007 21:22:10 -0000 1.25
@@ -1,32 +1,10 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en">
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<head>
<title>Why GNU/Linux? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content='text/html; charset=utf-8' />
-<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/gnu.css" />
-<link rev="made" href="address@hidden" />
-</head>
-
-<!-- This document is in XML, and xhtml 1.0 -->
-<!-- Please make sure to properly nest your tags -->
-<!-- and ensure that your final document validates -->
-<!-- consistent with W3C xhtml 1.0 and CSS standards -->
-<!-- See validator.w3.org -->
-
-<body>
-
-<h3>What's in a name?</h3>
-
-<p>by <strong><a href="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
-<p><a href="/graphics/agnuhead.html"><img src="/graphics/gnu-head-sm.jpg"
- alt=" [image of the Head of a GNU] "
- width="129" height="122" /></a>
-</p>
-<p><a href="#translations">Translations</a> of this page</p>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+
+<h2>What's in a name?</h2>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>If you would like to learn more about this issue, you can
also read
@@ -35,17 +13,16 @@
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
</div>
-<hr />
-
<p>
Names convey meanings; our choice of names determines the meaning of
what we say. An inappropriate name gives people the wrong idea. A
rose by any name would smell as sweet--but if you call it a pen,
people will be rather disappointed when they try to write with it.
-And if you call pens "roses", people may not realize what they are
-good for. If you call our operating system "Linux", that conveys a
-mistaken idea of the system's origin, history, and purpose. If you
-call it <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a>, that conveys
+And if you call pens “roses”, people may not realize what
+they are good for. If you call our operating system
+“Linux”, that conveys a mistaken idea of the system's
+origin, history, and purpose. If you call
+it <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a>, that conveys
(though not in detail) an accurate idea.</p>
<p>
But does this matter for our community? Is it important whether people
@@ -57,7 +34,8 @@
<p>
When I explain why it's appropriate to call the operating system
-"GNU/Linux" rather than "Linux", people sometimes respond this way:</p>
+“GNU/Linux” rather than “Linux”, people
+sometimes respond this way:</p>
<blockquote><p>
<em>
@@ -78,32 +56,34 @@
<p>
It is possible to write good free software without thinking of GNU;
-much good work has been done in the name of Linux also. But "Linux"
-has been associated ever since it was first coined with a philosophy
-that does not make a commitment to the freedom to cooperate. As the
-name becomes used increasingly by business, we will have even more
-trouble making it connect with community spirit.</p>
+much good work has been done in the name of Linux also. But
+“Linux” has been associated ever since it was first coined
+with a philosophy that does not make a commitment to the freedom to
+cooperate. As the name becomes used increasingly by business, we will
+have even more trouble making it connect with community spirit.</p>
<p>
A great challenge to the future of free software comes from the
-tendency of the "Linux" distribution companies to add non-free
-software to <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a> in the
-name of convenience and power. All the major commercial distribution
-developers do this; none produces a distribution that is entirely
-free. Most of them do not clearly identify the non-free packages in
-their distributions. Many even develop non-free software and add it
-to the system. Some outrageously advertise "Linux" systems that are
-"licensed per seat", which give the user as much freedom as Microsoft
-Windows.</p>
-
-<p>
-People justify adding non-free software in the name of the "popularity
-of Linux"--in effect, valuing popularity above freedom. Sometimes
-this is openly admitted. For instance, Wired Magazine says Robert
-McMillan, editor of Linux Magazine, "feels that the move toward open
-source software should be fueled by technical, rather than political,
-decisions." And Caldera's CEO openly urged users to drop the goal of
-freedom and work instead for the "popularity of Linux".</p>
+tendency of the “Linux” distribution companies to add
+non-free software to <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a>
+in the name of convenience and power. All the major commercial
+distribution developers do this; none produces a distribution that is
+entirely free. Most of them do not clearly identify the non-free
+packages in their distributions. Many even develop non-free software
+and add it to the system. Some outrageously advertise
+“Linux” systems that are “licensed per seat”,
+which give the user as much freedom as Microsoft Windows.</p>
+
+<p>
+People justify adding non-free software in the name of the
+“popularity of Linux”--in effect, valuing popularity above
+freedom. Sometimes this is openly admitted. For instance, Wired
+Magazine says Robert McMillan, editor of Linux Magazine, “feels
+that the move toward open source software should be fueled by
+technical, rather than political, decisions.” And Caldera's
+<acronym title="Chief Executive Officer">CEO</acronym> openly urged
+users to drop the goal of freedom and work instead for the
+“popularity of Linux”.</p>
<!--Link is dead
<a
href="http://www.zdnet.com/filters/printerfriendly/0,6061,2552025-2,00.html";>
(http://www.zdnet.com/filters/printerfriendly/0,6061,2552025-2,00.html.)</a>
@@ -120,15 +100,16 @@
road.</p>
<p>
-When the non-free "add-on" is a library or programming tool, it can
-become a trap for free software developers. When they write free
-software that depends on the non-free package, their software cannot
-be part of a completely free system. Motif and Qt trapped large
-amounts of free software in this way in the past, creating problems
-whose solutions took years. The Motif problem is still not entirely
-solved, since LessTif needs some polishing (please volunteer!). Sun's
-non-free Java implementation is now having a similar effect:
-the <a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html">Java Trap</a>.</p>
+When the non-free “add-on” is a library or programming
+tool, it can become a trap for free software developers. When they
+write free software that depends on the non-free package, their
+software cannot be part of a completely free system. Motif and Qt
+trapped large amounts of free software in this way in the past,
+creating problems whose solutions took years. The Motif problem is
+still not entirely solved, since LessTif needs some polishing (please
+volunteer!). Sun's non-free Java implementation is now having a
+similar effect: the <a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html">Java
+Trap</a>.</p>
<p>
If our community keeps moving in this direction, it could redirect the
@@ -144,10 +125,11 @@
development resources increase. But we face obstacles which threaten
to make this harder: laws that prohibit free software. As software
patents mount up (see petition.eurolinux.org, and sign it!), and as
-laws like the DMCA are used to prohibit the development of free
-software for important jobs such as viewing a DVD or listening to a
-RealAudio stream, we will find ourselves with no clear way to fight
-the patented and secret data formats except to
+laws like the <abbr title="Digital Millennium Copyright
+Act">DMCA</abbr> are used to prohibit the development of free software
+for important jobs such as viewing a DVD or listening to a RealAudio
+stream, we will find ourselves with no clear way to fight the patented
+and secret data formats except to
<strong>reject the non-free programs that use them</strong>.</p>
<p>
@@ -163,13 +145,14 @@
In our community, this goal and this determination emanate mainly from
the GNU Project. We're the ones who talk about freedom and community
as something to stand firm for; the organizations that speak of
-"Linux" normally don't say this. The magazines about "Linux" are
-typically full of ads for non-free software; the companies that
-package "Linux" add non-free software to the system; other companies
-"support Linux" with non-free applications; the user groups for
-"Linux" typically invite salesman to present those applications. The
-main place people in our community are likely to come across the idea
-of freedom and determination is in the GNU Project.</p>
+“Linux” normally don't say this. The magazines about
+“Linux” are typically full of ads for non-free software;
+the companies that package “Linux” add non-free software
+to the system; other companies “support Linux” with
+non-free applications; the user groups for “Linux”
+typically invite salesman to present those applications. The main
+place people in our community are likely to come across the idea of
+freedom and determination is in the GNU Project.</p>
<p>
But when people come across it, will they feel it relates to them?</p>
@@ -179,26 +162,28 @@
Project can see a direct relationship between themselves and GNU.
They won't automatically agree with our philosophy, but at least they
will see a reason to think seriously about it. In contrast, people
-who consider themselves "Linux users", and believe that the GNU
-Project "developed tools which proved to be useful in Linux",
-typically perceive only an indirect relationship between GNU and
-themselves. They may just ignore the GNU philosophy when they come
-across it.</p>
+who consider themselves “Linux users”, and believe that
+the GNU Project “developed tools which proved to be useful in
+Linux”, typically perceive only an indirect relationship between
+GNU and themselves. They may just ignore the GNU philosophy when they
+come across it.</p>
<p>
The GNU Project is idealistic, and anyone encouraging idealism today
faces a great obstacle: the prevailing ideology encourages people to
-dismiss idealism as "impractical". Our idealism has been extremely
-practical: it is the reason we have a free <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a> operating system.
+dismiss idealism as “impractical”. Our idealism has been
+extremely practical: it is the reason we have a
+free <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a> operating system.
People who love this system ought to know that it is our idealism made
real.</p>
<p>
-If "the job" really were done, if there were nothing at stake except
-credit, perhaps it would be wiser to let the matter drop. But we are
-not in that position. To inspire people to do the work that needs to
-be done, we need to be recognized for what we have already done.
-Please help us, by calling the operating system <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a>.</p>
+If “the job” really were done, if there were nothing at
+stake except credit, perhaps it would be wiser to let the matter drop.
+But we are not in that position. To inspire people to do the work
+that needs to be done, we need to be recognized for what we have
+already done. Please help us, by calling the operating
+system <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a>.</p>
<p>
@@ -208,54 +193,14 @@
For answers to other questions and arguments about this issue, see the
<a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>.</p>
-<hr />
-<h4><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">More about the GNU Project</a></h4>
-<hr />
-
-<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
-<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
-<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
-<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
-<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
-
-<div class="translations">
-<p><a id="translations"></a>
-<b>Translations of this page</b>:<br />
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
-<!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
-<!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
-<!-- English is. If you add a new language here, please -->
-<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
-<!-- - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
-<!-- - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
-<!-- one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
-<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
-<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
-<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
-<!-- http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
-
-[
- <a
href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.bg.html">български</a>
<!-- Bulgarian -->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ca.html">Català</a> <!-- Catalan -->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.de.html">Deutsch</a> <!-- German -->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">English</a>
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.fr.html">Français</a> <!-- French -->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.es.html">Español</a> <!-- Spanish -->
-| <a
href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.he.html">עברית</a>
<!-- Hebrew -->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.it.html">Italiano</a> <!-- Italian -->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ko.html">한국어</a><!-- Korean
-->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.pl.html">Polski</a> <!-- Polish -->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.pt.html">Português</a> <!-- Portuguese
-->
-| <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ro.html">Română</a> <!--
Romanian -->
-]
-</p>
</div>
-<div class="copyright">
-<p>
-Return to the <a href="/home.html">GNU Project home page</a>.
-</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">More about the GNU Project</a></p>
<p>
Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -269,7 +214,7 @@
<p>
Please see the
-<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations">Translations
README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
translations of this article.
</p>
@@ -285,10 +230,59 @@
<p>
Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2007/03/03 15:09:27 $
+$Date: 2007/03/08 21:22:10 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
+<div id="translations">
+<h3>Translations of this page:</h3>
+
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical. -->
+<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is Deutsch.-->
+<!-- If you add a new language here, please -->
+<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
+<!-- - /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
+<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
+<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
+<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
+<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
+<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
+<!-- <URL:http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm> -->
+<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities -->
+
+<ul class="translations-list">
+<!-- Bulgarian -->
+<li><a
href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.bg.html">български</a> [bg]</li>
+<!-- Catalan -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ca.html">Català</a> [ca]</li>
+<!-- Czech -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.cs.html">Česky</a> [cs]</li>
+<!-- German -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.de.html">Deutsch</a> [de]</li>
+<!-- Greek -->
+<li><a
href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.el.html">Ελληνικά</a> [el]</li>
+<!-- English -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">English</a> [en]</li>
+<!-- Spanish -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.es.html">Español</a> [es]</li>
+<!-- French -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.fr.html">Français</a> [fr]</li>
+<!-- Hebrew -->
+<li><a
href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.he.html">עברית</a> [he]</li>
+<!-- Italian -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.it.html">Italiano</a> [it]</li>
+<!-- Korean -->
+<li><a
href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ko.html">한국어</a> [ko]</li>
+<!-- Polish -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.pl.html">Polski</a> [pl]</li>
+<!-- Portuguese -->
+<li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.pt.html">Português</a> [pt]</li>
+<!-- Romanian -->
+<li><a
href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ro.html">Română</a> [ro]</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+
+</div>
</body>
</html>
- www/gnu why-gnu-linux.html,
Yavor Doganov <=