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[Emacs-diffs] Changes to emacs/man/gnus-faq.texi [lexbind]
From: |
Miles Bader |
Subject: |
[Emacs-diffs] Changes to emacs/man/gnus-faq.texi [lexbind] |
Date: |
Wed, 15 Sep 2004 20:35:00 -0400 |
Index: emacs/man/gnus-faq.texi
diff -c emacs/man/gnus-faq.texi:1.5.8.2 emacs/man/gnus-faq.texi:1.5.8.3
*** emacs/man/gnus-faq.texi:1.5.8.2 Tue Oct 14 22:56:23 2003
--- emacs/man/gnus-faq.texi Thu Sep 16 00:12:17 2004
***************
*** 1,675 ****
@c Insert "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone.
@c -*-texinfo-*-
! @c Copyright (C) 1995, 98, 99, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
! @setfilename ../info/gnus-faq.info
@node Frequently Asked Questions
@section Frequently Asked Questions
! This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
! If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at
! @file{http://www.ccs.neu.edu/software/gnus/}, and has
! probably been updated since you got this manual.
@menu
! * Installation FAQ:: Installation of Gnus.
! * Customization FAQ:: Customizing Gnus.
! * Reading News FAQ:: News Reading Questions.
! * Reading Mail FAQ:: Mail Reading Questions.
@end menu
! @node Installation FAQ
@subsection Installation
! @itemize @bullet
! @item
! Q1.1 What is the latest version of Gnus?
- The latest (and greatest) version is 5.0.10. You might also run
- across something called @emph{September Gnus}. September Gnus
- is the alpha version of the next major release of Gnus. It is currently
- not stable enough to run unless you are prepared to debug lisp.
! @item
! Q1.2 Where do I get Gnus?
! Any of the following locations:
! @itemize @minus
! @item
! @file{ftp://ftp.ifi.uio.no/pub/emacs/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}
! @item
! @file{ftp://ftp.pilgrim.umass.edu/pub/misc/ding/}
! @item
! @file{gopher://gopher.pilgrim.umass.edu/11/pub/misc/ding/}
! @item
! @file{ftp://aphrodite.nectar.cs.cmu.edu/pub/ding-gnus/}
! @item
! @file{ftp://ftp.solace.mh.se:/pub/gnu/elisp/}
! @end itemize
@item
! Q1.3 Which version of Emacs do I need?
! At least GNU Emacs 19.28, or XEmacs 19.12 is recommended. GNU Emacs
! 19.25 has been reported to work under certain circumstances, but it
! doesn't @emph{officially} work on it. 19.27 has also been reported to
! work. Gnus has been reported to work under OS/2 as well as Unix.
! @item
! Q1.4 Where is timezone.el?
! Upgrade to XEmacs 19.13. In earlier versions of XEmacs this file was
! placed with Gnus 4.1.3, but that has been corrected.
! @item
! Q1.5 When I run Gnus on XEmacs 19.13 I get weird error messages.
! You're running an old version of Gnus. Upgrade to at least version
! 5.0.4.
! @item
! Q1.6 How do I unsubscribe from the Mailing List?
! Send an e-mail message to @file{ding-request@@ifi.uio.no} with the magic word
! @emph{unsubscribe} somewhere in it, and you will be removed.
! If you are reading the digest version of the list, send an e-mail message
! to @*
! @file{ding-rn-digests-d-request@@moe.shore.net}
! with @emph{unsubscribe} as the subject and you will be removed.
! @item
! Q1.7 How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
! The basic answer is to byte-compile under XEmacs, and then you can
! run under either Emacsen. There is, however, a potential version
! problem with easymenu.el with Gnu Emacs prior to 19.29.
!
! Per Abrahamsen <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk> writes :@*
! The internal easymenu.el interface changed between 19.28 and 19.29 in
! order to make it possible to create byte compiled files that can be
! shared between Gnu Emacs and XEmacs. The change is upward
! compatible, but not downward compatible.
! This gives the following compatibility table:
!
! @example
! Compiled with: | Can be used with:
! ----------------+--------------------------------------
! 19.28 | 19.28 19.29
! 19.29 | 19.29 XEmacs
! XEmacs | 19.29 XEmacs
! @end example
!
! If you have Gnu Emacs 19.28 or earlier, or XEmacs 19.12 or earlier, get
! a recent version of auc-menu.el from
! @file{ftp://ftp.iesd.auc.dk/pub/emacs-lisp/auc-menu.el}, and install it
! under the name easymenu.el somewhere early in your load path.
! @item
! Q1.8 What resources are available?
! There is the newsgroup Gnu.emacs.gnus. Discussion of Gnus 5.x is now
! taking place there. There is also a mailing list, send mail to
! @file{ding-request@@ifi.uio.no} with the magic word @emph{subscribe}
! somewhere in it.
! @emph{NOTE:} the traffic on this list is heavy so you may not want to be
! on it (unless you use Gnus as your mailer reader, that is). The mailing
! list is mainly for developers and testers.
! Gnus has a home World Wide Web page address@hidden
! @file{http://www.gnus.org/}.
! Gnus has a write up in the X Applications FAQ address@hidden
! @file{http://www.ee.ryerson.ca:8080/~elf/xapps/Q-III.html}.
! The Gnus manual is also available on the World Wide Web. The canonical
! source is in Norway address@hidden
! @file{http://www.gnus.org/manual/gnus_toc.html}.
! There are three mirrors in the United States:
! @enumerate
! @item
! @file{http://www.miranova.com/gnus-man/}
! @item
! @file{http://www.pilgrim.umass.edu/pub/misc/ding/manual/gnus_toc.html}
! @item
! @file{http://www.rtd.com/~woo/gnus/}
! @end enumerate
! PostScript copies of the Gnus Reference card are available address@hidden
! @file{ftp://ftp.cs.ualberta.ca/pub/oolog/gnus/}. They are mirrored
address@hidden
! @file{ftp://ftp.pilgrim.umass.edu/pub/misc/ding/refcard/} in the
! United States. address@hidden
! @file{ftp://marvin.fkphy.uni-duesseldorf.de/pub/gnus/}
! in Germany.
!
! An online version of the Gnus FAQ is available address@hidden
! @file{http://www.miranova.com/~steve/gnus-faq.html}. Off-line formats
! are also available:@*
! ASCII: @file{ftp://ftp.miranova.com/pub/gnus/address@hidden
! PostScript: @file{ftp://ftp.miranova.com/pub/gnus/gnus-faq.ps}.
! @item
! Q1.9 Gnus hangs on connecting to NNTP server
! I am running XEmacs on SunOS and Gnus prints a message about Connecting
! to NNTP server and then just hangs.
! Ben Wing <wing@@netcom.com> writes :@*
! I wonder if you're hitting the infamous @emph{libresolv} problem.
! The basic problem is that under SunOS you can compile either
! with DNS or NIS name lookup libraries but not both. Try
! substituting the IP address and see if that works; if so, you
! need to download the sources and recompile.
! @item
! Q1.10 Mailcrypt 3.4 doesn't work
! This problem is verified to still exist in Gnus 5.0.9 and Mailcrypt 3.4.
! The answer comes from Peter Arius
! <arius@@immd2.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>.
!
! I found out that mailcrypt uses
! @code{gnus-eval-in-buffer-window}, which is a macro.
! It seems as if you have
! compiled mailcrypt with plain old GNUS in load path, and the XEmacs byte
! compiler has inserted that macro definition into
! @file{mc-toplev.elc}.
! The solution is to recompile @file{mc-toplev.el} with Gnus 5 in
! load-path, and it works fine.
!
! Steve Baur <steve@@miranova.com> adds :@*
! The problem also manifests itself if neither GNUS 4 nor Gnus 5 is in the
! load-path.
! @item
! Q1.11 What other packages work with Gnus?
! @itemize @minus
! @item
! Mailcrypt.
! Mailcrypt is an Emacs interface to PGP. It works, it installs
! without hassle, and integrates very easily. Mailcrypt can be
! obtained address@hidden
! @file{ftp://cag.lcs.mit.edu/pub/patl/mailcrypt-3.4.tar.gz}.
! @item
! Tools for Mime.
! Tools for Mime is an Emacs MUA interface to MIME. Installation is
! a two-step process unlike most other packages, so you should
! be prepared to move the byte-compiled code somewhere. There
! are currently two versions of this package available. It can
! be obtained address@hidden
! @file{ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/GNU/elisp/}.
! Be sure to apply the supplied patch. It works with Gnus through
! version 5.0.9. In order for all dependencies to work correctly
! the load sequence is as follows:
! @lisp
! (load "tm-setup")
! (load "gnus")
! (load "mime-compose")
! @end lisp
! @emph{NOTE:} Loading the package disables citation highlighting by
! default. To get the old behavior back, use the @kbd{M-t} command.
! @end itemize
! @end itemize
! @node Customization FAQ
! @subsection Customization
! @itemize @bullet
! @item
! Q2.1 Custom Edit does not work under XEmacs
! The custom package has not been ported to XEmacs.
! @item
! Q2.2 How do I quote messages?
! I see lots of messages with quoted material in them. I am wondering
! how to have Gnus do it for me.
! This is Gnus, so there are a number of ways of doing this. You can use
! the built-in commands to do this. There are the @kbd{F} and @kbd{R}
! keys from the summary buffer which automatically include the article
! being responded to. These commands are also selectable as @i{Followup
! and Yank} and @i{Reply and Yank} in the Post menu.
!
! @kbd{C-c C-y} grabs the previous message and prefixes each line with
! @code{ail-indentation-spaces} spaces or @code{mail-yank-prefix} if that is
! non-nil, unless you have set your own @code{mail-citation-hook}, which will
! be called to do the job.
!
! You might also consider the Supercite package, which allows for pretty
! arbitrarily complex quoting styles. Some people love it, some people
! hate it.
! @item
! Q2.3 How can I keep my nnvirtual:* groups sorted?
! How can I most efficiently arrange matters so as to keep my nnvirtual:*
! (etc) groups at the top of my group selection buffer, whilst keeping
! everything sorted in alphabetical order.
!
! If you don't subscribe often to new groups then the easiest way is to
! first sort the groups and then manually kill and yank the virtuals
! wherever you want them.
! @item
! Q2.4 Any good suggestions on stuff for an all.SCORE file?
! Here is a collection of suggestions from the Gnus mailing list.
! @enumerate
! @item
! From ``Dave Disser'' <disser@@sdd.hp.com>@*
! I like blasting anything without lowercase letters. Weeds out most of
! the make $$ fast, as well as the lame titles like ``IBM'' and ``HP-UX''
! with no further description.
! @lisp
! (("Subject"
! ("^\\(Re: \\)?[^a-z]*$" -200 nil R)))
! @end lisp
! @item
! From ``Peter Arius'' <arius@@immd2.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>@*
! The most vital entries in my (still young) all.SCORE:
! @lisp
! (("xref"
! ("alt.fan.oj-simpson" -1000 nil s))
! ("subject"
! (concat "\\<\\(make\\|fast\\|big\\)\\s-*"
! "\\(money\\|cash\\|bucks?\\)\\>"
! -1000 nil r)
! ("$$$$" -1000 nil s)))
! @end lisp
! @item
! From ``Per Abrahamsen'' <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk>@*
! @lisp
! (("subject"
! ;; CAPS OF THE WORLD, UNITE
! ("^..[^a-z]+$" -1 nil R)
! ;; $$$ Make Money $$$ (Try work)
! ("$" -1 nil s)
! ;; I'm important! And I have exclamation marks to prove it!
! ("!" -1 nil s)))
! @end lisp
! @item
! From ``heddy boubaker'' <boubaker@@cenatls.cena.dgac.fr>@*
! I would like to contribute with mine.
! @lisp
! (
! (read-only t)
! ("subject"
! ;; ALL CAPS SUBJECTS
! ("^\\([Rr][Ee]: +\\)?[^a-z]+$" -1 nil R)
! ;; $$$ Make Money $$$
! ("$$" -10 nil s)
! ;; Empty subjects are worthless!
! ("^ *\\([(<]none[>)]\\|(no subject\\( given\\)?)\\)? *$"
! -10 nil r)
! ;; Sometimes interesting announces occur!
! ("ANN?OU?NC\\(E\\|ING\\)" +10 nil r)
! ;; Some people think they're on mailing lists
! ("\\(un\\)?sub?scribe" -100 nil r)
! ;; Stop Micro$oft NOW!!
! ;; ("concat" used to avoid overfull box.)
! (concat "\\(m\\(icro\\)?[s$]\\(oft\\|lot\\)?-?\\)?"
! "wind?\\(ows\\|aube\\|oze\\)?[- ]*"
! "\\('?95\\|NT\\|3[.]1\\|32\\)" -1001 nil r)
! ;; I've nothing to buy
! ("\\(for\\|4\\)[- ]*sale" -100 nil r)
! ;; SELF-DISCIPLINED people
! ("\\[[^a-z0-9 \t\n][^a-z0-9 \t\n]\\]" +100 nil r)
! )
! ("from"
! ;; To keep track of posters from my site
! (".dgac.fr" +1000 nil s))
! ("followup"
! ;; Keep track of answers to my posts
! ("boubaker" +1000 nil s))
! ("lines"
! ;; Some people have really nothing to say!!
! (1 -10 nil <=))
! (mark -100)
! (expunge -1000)
! )
! @end lisp
! @item
! From ``Christopher Jones'' <cjones@@au.oracle.com>@*
! The sample @file{all.SCORE} files from Per and boubaker could be
! augmented with:
! @lisp
! (("subject"
! ;; No junk mail please!
! ("please ignore" -500 nil s)
! ("test" -500 nil e))
! )
! @end lisp
! @item
! From ``Brian Edmonds'' <edmonds@@cs.ubc.ca>@*
! Augment any of the above with a fast method of scoring down
! excessively cross posted articles.
! @lisp
! ("xref"
! ;; the more cross posting, the exponentially worse the article
! ("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -1 nil r)
! ("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -2 nil r)
! ("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -4 nil r)
! ("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -8 nil r)
! ("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+"
! -16 nil r)
! (concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+"
! " \\S-+ \\S-+"
! -32 nil r)
! (concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+"
! " \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -64 nil r)
! (concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+"
! " \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -128 nil r)
! (concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+"
! " \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -256 nil r)
! (concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+"
! " \\S-+" \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -512 nil r))
! @end lisp
! @end enumerate
! @item
! Q2.5 What do I use to yank-through when replying?
! You should probably reply and followup with @kbd{R} and @kbd{F}, instead
! of @kbd{r} and @kbd{f}, which solves your problem. But you could try
! something like:
@example
! (defconst mail-yank-ignored-headers
! "^.*:"
! "Delete these headers from message when it's inserted in reply.")
@end example
! @item
! Q2.6 I don't like the default WWW browser
! Now when choosing an URL Gnus starts up a W3 buffer, I would like it
! to always use Netscape (I don't browse in text-mode ;-).
! @enumerate
! @item
! Activate `Customize...' from the `Help' menu.
! @item
! Scroll down to the `WWW Browser' field.
! @item
! Click `mouse-2' on `WWW Browser'.
! @item
! Select `Netscape' from the pop up menu.
! @item
! Press `C-c C-c'
! @end enumerate
! If you are using XEmacs then to specify Netscape do
! @lisp
! (setq gnus-button-url 'gnus-netscape-open-url)
! @end lisp
@item
! Q2.7 What, if any, relation is between ``ask-server'' and ``(setq
! gnus-read-active-file 'some)''?
! In order for Gnus to show you the complete list of newsgroups, it will
! either have to either store the list locally, or ask the server to
! transmit the list. You enable the first with
! @lisp
! (setq gnus-save-killed-list t)
! @end lisp
! and the second with
! @lisp
! (setq gnus-read-active-file t)
! @end lisp
! If both are disabled, Gnus will not know what newsgroups exists. There
! is no option to get the list by casting a spell.
! @item
! Q2.8 Moving between groups is slow.
! Per Abrahamsen <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk> writes:@*
! Do you call @code{define-key} or something like that in one of the
! summary mode hooks? This would force Emacs to recalculate the keyboard
! shortcuts. Removing the call should speed up @kbd{M-x gnus-summary-mode
! RET} by a couple of orders of magnitude. You can use
! @lisp
! (define-key gnus-summary-mode-map KEY COMMAND)
! @end lisp
! in your @file{.gnus} instead.
! @end itemize
! @node Reading News FAQ
! @subsection Reading News
! @itemize @bullet
! @item
! Q3.1 How do I convert my kill files to score files?
! @email{ethanb@@ptolemy.astro.washington.edu, Ethan Bradford} write a
! kill-to-score translator. It is available address@hidden
! @file{http://baugi.ifi.uio.no/~larsi/ding-various/gnus-kill-to-score.el}.
! @item
! Q3.2 My news server has a lot of groups, and killing groups is painfully
! slow.
! Don't do that then. The best way to get rid of groups that should be
! dead is to edit your newsrc directly. This problem will be addressed
! in the near future.
! @item
! Q3.3 How do I use an NNTP server with authentication?
! Put the following into your .gnus:
! @lisp
! (add-hook 'nntp-server-opened-hook 'nntp-send-authinfo)
! @end lisp
! @item
! Q3.4 Not reading the first article.
! How do I avoid reading the first article when a group is selected?
! @enumerate
! @item
! Use @kbd{RET} to select the group instead of @kbd{SPC}.
! @item
! @code{(setq gnus-auto-select first nil)}
! @item
! Luis Fernandes <elf@@mailhost.ee.ryerson.ca>writes:@*
! This is what I use...customize as necessary...
! @lisp
! ;;; Don't auto-select first article if reading sources, or
! ;;; archives or jobs postings, etc. and just display the
! ;;; summary buffer
! (add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook
! (function
! (lambda ()
! (cond ((string-match "sources" gnus-newsgroup-name)
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first nil))
! ((string-match "jobs" gnus-newsgroup-name)
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first nil))
! ((string-match "comp\\.archives" gnus-newsgroup-name)
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first nil))
! ((string-match "reviews" gnus-newsgroup-name)
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first nil))
! ((string-match "announce" gnus-newsgroup-name)
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first nil))
! ((string-match "binaries" gnus-newsgroup-name)
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first nil))
! (t
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first t))))))
! @end lisp
! @item
! Per Abrahamsen <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk> writes:@*
! Another possibility is to create an @file{all.binaries.all.SCORE} file
! like this:
!
! @lisp
! ((local
! (gnus-auto-select-first nil)))
! @end lisp
!
! and insert
! @lisp
! (setq gnus-auto-select-first t)
! @end lisp
! in your @file{.gnus}.
! @end enumerate
! @item
! Q3.5 Why aren't BBDB known posters marked in the summary buffer?
! Brian Edmonds <edmonds@@cs.ubc.ca> writes:@*
! Due to changes in Gnus 5.0, @file{bbdb-gnus.el} no longer marks known
! posters in the summary buffer. An updated version, @file{gnus-bbdb.el}
! is available at the locations listed below. This package also supports
! autofiling of incoming mail to folders specified in the BBDB. Extensive
! instructions are included as comments in the file.
! Send mail to @file{majordomo@@edmonds.home.cs.ubc.ca} with the following
! line in the body of the message: @emph{get misc gnus-bbdb.el}.
! Or get it from the World Wide Web:@*
! @file{http://www.cs.ubc.ca/spider/edmonds/gnus-bbdb.el}.
! @end itemize
! @node Reading Mail FAQ
! @subsection Reading Mail
! @itemize @bullet
! @item
! Q4.1 What does the message ``Buffer has changed on disk'' mean in a mail
! group?
! Your filter program should not deliver mail directly to your folders,
! instead it should put the mail into spool files. Gnus will then move
! the mail safely from the spool files into the folders. This will
! eliminate the problem. Look it up in the manual, in the section
! entitled ``Mail & Procmail''.
! @item
! Q4.2 How do you make articles un-expirable?
! I am using nnml to read news and have used
! @code{gnus-auto-expirable-newsgroups} to automagically expire articles
! in some groups (Gnus being one of them). Sometimes there are
! interesting articles in these groups that I want to keep. Is there any
! way of explicitly marking an article as un-expirable - that is mark it
! as read but not expirable?
!
! Use @kbd{u}, @kbd{!}, @kbd{d} or @kbd{M-u} in the summary buffer. You
! just remove the @kbd{E} mark by setting some other mark. It's not
! necessary to tick the articles.
! @item
! Q4.3 How do I delete bogus nnml: groups?
! My problem is that I have various mail (nnml) groups generated while
! experimenting with Gnus. How do I remove them now? Setting the level to
! 9 does not help. Also @code{gnus-group-check-bogus-groups} does not
! recognize them.
!
! Removing mail groups is tricky at the moment. (It's on the to-do list,
! though.) You basically have to kill the groups in Gnus, shut down Gnus,
! edit the active file to exclude these groups, and probably remove the
! nnml directories that contained these groups as well. Then start Gnus
! back up again.
@item
! Q4.4 What happened to my new mail groups?
! I got new mail, but I have
! never seen the groups they should have been placed in.
! They are probably there, but as zombies. Press @kbd{A z} to list
! zombie groups, and then subscribe to the groups you want with @kbd{u}.
! This is all documented quite nicely in the user's manual.
! @item
! Q4.5 Not scoring mail groups
! How do you @emph{totally} turn off scoring in mail groups?
! Use an nnbabyl:all.SCORE (or nnmh, or nnml, or whatever) file containing:
@example
! ((adapt ignore)
! (local (gnus-use-scoring nil))
! (exclude-files "all.SCORE"))
@end example
! @end itemize
@ignore
arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8
--- 1,2606 ----
@c Insert "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone.
@c -*-texinfo-*-
! @c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
! @setfilename gnus-faq.info
!
! @c Frequently Asked Questions, FAQ - Introduction, Emacs for Heathens, Top
@node Frequently Asked Questions
+ @comment node-name, next, previous, up
+
+ @c @chapter Frequently Asked Questions
@section Frequently Asked Questions
+ @cindex FAQ
+ @cindex Frequently Asked Questions
! @c - Uncomment @chapter, comment @section
! @c - run (texinfo-every-node-update)
! @c - revert it.
@menu
! * FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ.
! * FAQ 1 - Installation:: Installation of Gnus.
! * FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the first
! buffer Gnus shows you.
! * FAQ 3 - Getting messages:: Making Gnus read your mail and news.
! * FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read messages.
! * FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet postings.
! * FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving, searching
! and deleting messages.
! * FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while offline.
! * FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough.
! * FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster.
! * FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ explained.
@end menu
! @subheading Abstract
!
! This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. If you have a
! Web browser, the official hypertext version is at
! @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}, the Docbook source is available from
! @uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/}.
!
!
! Please submit features and suggestions to the
! @email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org,FAQ discussion list}.
! The list is protected against junk mail with
! @uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html,qconfirm, qconfirm}. As
! a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can
! also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to
! @email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org}
! and
!
@uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss,browse
! the archive, browse the archive}.
!
! @node FAQ - Introduction, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions,
Frequently Asked Questions
! @comment node-name, next, previous, up
! @heading Introduction
!
! This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
!
! Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented
! as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
! now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
! that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
! original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA.
! When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
! decided to rewrite Gnus.
!
! Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely
! customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but
! most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take
! advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail
! (you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read
! high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read
! high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you
! want.
!
! This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He
! would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful
! job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks,
! Justin!
!
!
! If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:@*
! @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}.
! This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext
! versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio
! State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below
! if you want information on obtaining it in another format.
!
!
! The information contained here was compiled with the assistance
! of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or
! misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry.
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ -
Introduction, Frequently Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
@subsection Installation
! @menu
! * [1.1]:: What is the latest version of Gnus?
! * [1.2]:: What's new in 5.10.0?
! * [1.3]:: Where and how to get Gnus?
! * [1.4]:: What to do with the tarball now?
! * [1.5]:: Which version of Emacs do I need?
! * [1.6]:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
! @end menu
! @ifnottex
! @node [1.1], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 1 - Installation
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 1.1:
! What is the latest version of Gnus?
! Answer:
! Jingle please: Gnus 5.10.0 is released, get it while it's
! hot! As well as the step in version number is rather
! small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you
! shouldn't miss, however if you are cautious, you might
! prefer to stay with 5.8.8 respectively 5.9 (they are
! basically the same) until some bugfix releases are out.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [1.2], [1.3], [1.1], FAQ 1 - Installation
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 1.2:
! What's new in 5.10.0?
! Answer:
! First of all, you should have a look into the file
! GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball,
! there the most important changes are listed. Here's a
! short list of the changes I find especially
! important/interesting:
!
!
!
! @itemize @bullet{}
@item
! Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now
! active by default.
!
! @item
! Many new article washing functions for dealing with
! ugly formatted articles.
!
! @item
! Anti Spam features.
!
! @item
! message-utils now included in Gnus.
!
! @item
! New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for
! a complex trn-style thread tree.
!
! @end itemize
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [1.3], [1.4], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 1.3:
!
! Where and how to get Gnus?
!
! Answer:
!
! The latest released version of Gnus isn't included in
! Emacs 21 and until now it also isn't available through the
! package system of XEmacs 21.4, therefor you should get the
! Gnus tarball from
! @uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
! or via anonymous FTP from
! @uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [1.4], [1.5], [1.3], FAQ 1 - Installation
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 1.4:
!
! What to do with the tarball now?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common
! @samp{./configure; make; make install} circle.
! (under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
! @uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
! which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
! tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from
! @uref{http://www.winace.com})
! and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
! Gnus. If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
! system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the
! following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs:
!
! @example
! (add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/gnus/lisp")
! (if (featurep 'xemacs)
! (add-to-list 'Info-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/")
! (add-to-list 'Info-default-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/"))
! @end example
+ @noindent
+ Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff
+ before this line, on MS Windows use something like
+ "C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/").
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [1.5], [1.6], [1.4], FAQ 1 - Installation
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 1.5:
+
+ Which version of Emacs do I need?
+
+ Answer:
+
+ Gnus 5.10.0 requires an Emacs version that is greater
+ than or equal to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [1.6], , [1.5], FAQ 1 - Installation
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 1.6:
+
+ How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
+
+ Answer:
+
+ You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp
+ files are byte-compiled to a format which is different
+ depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy
+ of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 1 -
Installation, Frequently Asked Questions
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsection Startup / Group buffer
! @menu
! * [2.1]:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message
! "Gnus auto-save file exists. Do you want to read it?",
! what does this mean and how to prevent it?
! * [2.2]:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, what's
this?
! * [2.3]:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
! * [2.4]:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to sort my
! groups into categories so I can easier browse through them?
! * [2.5]:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to sort the
! groups in a topic?
! @end menu
! @ifnottex
! @node [2.1], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group
buffer
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 2.1:
!
! Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
! file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean
! and how to prevent it?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
! wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its
! informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you
! are now asked if you want to restore those informations
! from the auto-save file.
!
!
! To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
! via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of
! just killing Emacs.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [2.2], [2.3], [2.1], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question: 2.2
!
! Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
! what's this?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You get the message described in the q/a pair above while
! starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same
! problem, so read the answer above.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [2.3], [2.4], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 2.3:
!
! How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You've got to tweak the value of the variable
! gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line
! Specification" for information on how to do this. An
! example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)):
!
+ @example
! (setq gnus-group-line-format "%P%M%S[%5t]%5y : %(%g%)\n")
!
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [2.4], [2.5], [2.3], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 2.4:
!
! My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
! sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse
! through them?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
! groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with
! Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
! the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
! the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
!
!
! To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now
! you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic
! at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to
! a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the
! menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the
! beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have
! the groups nicely indented.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [2.5], , [2.4], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 2.5:
!
! How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
! sort the groups in a topic?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Move point over the group you want to move and
! hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the
! place where you want the group to be and
! hit @samp{C-y}.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 2 - Startup /
Group buffer, Frequently Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
! @subsection Getting messages
! @menu
! * [3.1]:: I just installed Gnus, started it via M-x gnus but it only says
! "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
! * [3.2]:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
! * [3.3]:: My news server requires authentication, how to store user name
! and password on disk?
! * [3.4]:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
! subscribe to a group.
! * [3.5]:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
! post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
! * [3.6]:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
! * [3.7]:: And how about local spool files?
! * [3.8]:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
! with Gnus, too. How to do it?
! * [3.9]:: And what about IMAP?
! * [3.10]:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers,
! can I use Gnus to read my mail from it?
! * [3.11]:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server
! it retrieves via POP3?
! @end menu
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [3.1], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 3.1:
+
+ I just installed Gnus, started it via
+ @samp{M-x gnus}
+ but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read
+ the documentation for information on how to do this. As a
+ first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus:
+
! @example
! (setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.yourprovider.net"))
! (setq user-mail-address "you@@yourprovider.net")
! (setq user-full-name "Your Name")
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.2], [3.3], [3.1], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.2:
!
! I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look for the
! configuration files. However, you don't really need to know what this
! means, it suffices that Emacs knows what it means :-) You can type
! @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET } (yes, with the forward slash, even on
! Windows), and Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most
! likely be new, and thus empty.) However, I'd discourage you from
! doing so, since the directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be
! what you want, so let's do it the correct way. The first thing you've
! got to do is to create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory
! name please) e.g. @file{c:\myhome}. Then you must set the environment
! variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x or Me include
! the line
!
! @example
! SET HOME=C:\myhome
!
! @end example
+ @noindent
+ in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP,
+ hit Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it
+ doesn't work, go to Control Panel -> System). There you'll
+ find the possibility to set environment variables, create
+ a new one with name HOME and value @file{c:\myhome}, a reboot is
+ not necessary.
+
+
+ Now to create ~/.gnus, say
+ @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET C-x C-s}.
+ in Emacs.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [3.3], [3.4], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 3.3:
+
+ My news server requires authentication, how to store
+ user name and password on disk?
+
! Answer:
! Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this
!
+ @example
+ machine news.yourprovider.net login YourUserName password YourPassword
+ @end example
! @noindent
! .
! Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you
! work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix
! say
! @example
! chmod 600 ~/.authinfo
! @end example
! @noindent
! in a shell.)
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.4], [3.5], [3.3], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.4:
!
! Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
! subscribe to a group.
!
!
! Answer:
!
! If you know the name of the group say @samp{U
! name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the
! tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer,
! this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the
! cursor) over the server which carries the group you want,
! hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group
! you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u}
! to subscribe to it.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.5], [3.6], [3.4], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.5:
!
! Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
! post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full
! access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo
! to those servers append
!
! @example
! force yes
! @end example
!
! @noindent
! to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.6], [3.7], [3.5], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.6:
!
! I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the
! variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like
! this in ~/.gnus:
!
! @example
! (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
! '(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net"))
! (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
! '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net"))
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.7], [3.8], [3.6], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.7:
!
! And how about local spool files?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! No problem, this is just one more select method called
! nnspool, so you want this:
!
! @example
! (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnspool ""))
! @end example
! @noindent
! Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source:
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool ""))
! @end example
! @noindent
! Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you
! want something different, change the line above to something like this:
!
! @example
! (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
! '(nnspool "" (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir")))
! @end example
+ @noindent
+ This sets the spool directory for this server only.
+ You might have to specify more stuff like the program used
+ to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [3.8], [3.9], [3.7], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 3.8:
+
+ OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
+ with Gnus, too. How to do it?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources
+ for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many
+ different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are
+ these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and
+ send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
+ fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
+ where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
+ Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even
+ need a combination of the above cases.
+
+
+ However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
+ it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
+ to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
+ commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
+ and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one
+ file per group approach if your file system has problems with
+ many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
+ choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus:
+
! @example
! (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnml ""))
! @end example
! @noindent
! As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's
!
! @example
! (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnfolder ""))
! @end example
!
+ Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If
+ it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:
+
! @example
! (eval-after-load "mail-source"
! '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(pop :server "pop.YourProvider.net"
! :user "yourUserName"
! :password "yourPassword")))
! @end example
! @noindent
! Make sure ~/.gnus isn't readable to others if you store
! your password there. If you want to read your mail from a
! traditional spool file on your local machine, it's
!
+ @example
+ (eval-after-load "mail-source"
+ '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file")))
+ @end example
! @noindent
! If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by
! postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's
!
! @example
! (eval-after-load "mail-source"
! '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(maildir :path "/path/to/Maildir/"
! :subdirs ("cur" "new")))
! @end example
! @noindent
! And finally if you want to read your mail from several files
! in one directory, for example because procmail already split your
! mail, it's
!
! @example
! (eval-after-load "mail-source"
! '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/"
! :suffix ".prcml"))
! @end example
! @noindent
! Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the
! suffix .prcml.
!
!
! OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you
! want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing
! the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do
! anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an
! SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus
!
! @example
! (setq send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
! (setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
! (setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "smtp.yourProvider.net")
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.9], [3.10], [3.8], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.9:
!
! And what about IMAP?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is
! to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from
! the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do
! this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to
! ~/.gnus
!
! @example
! (add-to-list 'mail-sources '(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com"
! :user "username"
! :pass "password"
! :stream network
! :authentication login
! :mailbox "INBOX"
! :fetchflag "\\Seen"))
! @end example
! @noindent
! You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or
! authentification, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source
! Specifiers" for possible values.
!
!
! If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to
! follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap
! back end to your select method and give the information
! about the server there.
!
+ @example
+ (add-to-list
+ 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+ '(nnimap "Give the baby a name"
+ (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net")
+ (nnimap-port 143)
+ (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*")))
+ @end example
! @noindent
! Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the
! server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual
! Node "IMAP" for detailed information.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.10], [3.11], [3.9], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.10:
!
! At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use
! Gnus to read my mail from it?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for
! activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions
! above.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [3.11], , [3.10], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 3.11:
!
! Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
! retrieves via POP3?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work,
! if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP
! Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the
! server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you
! need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined
! functionality to do so.
!
!
! However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to
! achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external
! program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them
! on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you
! could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
! Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server.
!
!
! The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus
! uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable
! of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get
! the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el,
! look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell
! Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For
! GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same
! (If you know the home of this file, please send me an
! e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program
! (e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
! "Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do
! it.
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 3 - Getting
messages, Frequently Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
! @subsection Reading messages
! @menu
! * [4.1]:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone.
! How to view them again?
! * [4.2]:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time
! I enter a group, even when it's read?
! * [4.3]:: How to view the headers of a message?
! * [4.4]:: How to view the raw unformatted message?
! * [4.5]:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at the
! top of the article buffer?
! * [4.6]:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
! text part if it's available. How to do it?
! * [4.7]:: Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
! * [4.8]:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
! more readable?
! * [4.9]:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific authors
! or with specific words in the subject? And can I highlight more
! interesting ones in some way?
! * [4.10]:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set
! other variables specific for some groups?
! * [4.11]:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to those?
! * [4.12]:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus displays in
! group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail groups.
! Is this a bug?
! * [4.13]:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer,
! how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
! * [4.14]:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
! * [4.15]:: How to split incoming mails in several groups?
! @end menu
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.1], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.1:
!
! When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! If you enter the group by saying
! @samp{RET}
! in summary buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages
are loaded. Say
! @samp{C-u RET}
! instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest
say
! @samp{C-u 300 RET}
!
+ Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view
enabled, say
+
! @example
! (setq gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some)
! @end example
!
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace
'some with t to load
! all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is
! fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a
group).
!
!
! If you already use Gnus 5.10.0, you can say
! @samp{/o N}
! In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available
in 5.8.8
!
!
! If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're
just reading,
! you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread
! the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.2], [4.3], [4.1], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.2:
!
! How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
! enter a group, even when it's read?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You can tick important messages. To do this hit
! @samp{u} while point is in summary buffer
! over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit
! either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick
! mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c}
! (which deletes all marks for the message).
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.3], [4.4], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.3:
!
! How to view the headers of a message?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Say @samp{t}
! to show all headers, one more
! @samp{t}
! hides them again.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.4], [4.5], [4.3], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.4:
!
! How to view the raw unformatted message?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Say
! @samp{C-u g}
! to show the raw message
! @samp{g}
! returns to normal view.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.5], [4.6], [4.4], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.5:
!
! How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
! the top of the article buffer?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers
! are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines
! which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject,
! date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA
! say this in ~/.gnus:
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-visible-headers
! "^\\(From:\\|Subject:\\|Date:\\|Followup-To:\
! \\|X-Newsreader:\\|User-Agent:\\|X-Mailer:\\)")
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.6], [4.7], [4.5], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.6:
!
! I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
! text part if it's available. How to do it?
!
! Answer:
+ Say
+
! @example
! (eval-after-load "mm-decode"
! '(progn
! (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/html")
! (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/richtext")))
! @end example
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text
alternative add
!
+ @example
+ (setq mm-automatic-display (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display))
+ @end example
! @noindent
! too.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.7], [4.8], [4.6], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.7:
!
! Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Only if you use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger. In this case you've got the
! choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which
! one is used can be specified in the variable
! mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your
! mail say
!
! @example
! (setq mm-text-html-renderer 'links)
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.8], [4.9], [4.7], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.8:
!
! Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
! more readable?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail,
! you can find them if you browse through the menu, item Article->Washing. The
most
! interesting ones are probably "Wrap long lines" (
! @samp{W w}
! ), "Decode ROT13" (
! @samp{W r}
! ) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs the dumb quoting used
! by many users of Microsoft products (
! @samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify.
! See @samp{W Y C-h} or
! have a look at the menus for other deuglifications).
! Outlook deuglify is only available since Gnus 5.10.0.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.9], [4.10], [4.8], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.9:
!
! Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
! authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
! highlight more interesting ones in some way?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules
! which assign each message an integer value. Depending on
! the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if
! it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the
! value is low, say -800) or some other action happens.
!
!
! There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign
! the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set
! up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're
! reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want
! to ignore his messages in the future. Hit
! @samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score.
! Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall
! be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities,
! we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from
! header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want.
! Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or
! @samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
! everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
! name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
! Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g.
! @samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
! forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
! @samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
!
!
! You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V
! f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name
! of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in
! only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the
! Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list
! whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
! is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
! which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
! matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the
! following to your all.Score:
!
! @example
! (("references" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 500 nil s))
! ("message-id" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 999 nil s)))
! @end example
! @noindent
! This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me
! and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly
! indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course
! nobody with a sane mind would do this :-)
!
!
! The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus
! watches you and tries to find out what you find
! interesting and what annoying and sets up rules
! which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help
! when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate
! adaptive scoring say
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-use-adaptive-scoring t)
! @end example
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.10], [4.11], [4.9], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.10:
!
! How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or
! set other variables specific for some groups?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! While in group buffer move point over the group and hit
! @samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you
! can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer
! you'll find an item that allows you to set variables
! locally for the group. To disable threading enter
! gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as
! value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when
! you're ready.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.11], [4.12], [4.10], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.11:
!
! Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
! those?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes
! in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we
! make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look
! like) for those postings, then we'll give them some
! special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new
! faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on
!
@uref{http://my.gnus.org/Members/dzimmerm/HowTo%2C2002-07-25%2C1027619165012198456/view,my.gnus.org}
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.12], [4.13], [4.11], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.12:
!
! The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
! displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in
! mail groups. Is this a bug?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would
! mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus'
! back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number -
! lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This
! works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move
! many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the
! symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET}
! (this makes Gnus get all messages), then
! hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and
! then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move
! all messages to the group they have been in before, they
! get new message numbers in this process and the count is
! right again (until you delete and move your mail to other
! groups again).
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.13], [4.14], [4.12], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.13:
!
! I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
! to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You can control the windows configuration by calling the
! function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit
! complicated but explained very well in the manual node
! "Window Layout". Some popular examples:
!
!
! Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65%
! article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining
! space"):
!
! @example
! (gnus-add-configuration
! '(article (vertical 1.0
! (summary .35 point)
! (article 1.0))))
! @end example
!
! A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary
! buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right:
!
! @example
! (gnus-add-configuration
! '(article
! (horizontal 1.0
! (vertical 25
! (group 1.0))
! (vertical 1.0
! (summary 0.25 point)
! (article 1.0)))))
! (gnus-add-configuration
! '(summary
! (horizontal 1.0
! (vertical 25
! (group 1.0))
! (vertical 1.0
! (summary 1.0 point)))))
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.14], [4.15], [4.13], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.14:
!
! I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You've got to play around with the variable
! gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of
! symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject
! etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the
! manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten
! node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There
! you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and
! tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but
! sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8.
!
!
! Since 5.10.0, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers,
! e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which
! gives you a date where the details are dependent of the
! articles age. Here's an example which uses both:
!
+ @example
+ (setq gnus-summary-line-format
+ ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n")
+ @end example
! @noindent
! resulting in:
!
!
! @smallexample
! :O Re: [Richard Stallman] rfc2047.el | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
|Sat 23:06
! :O Re: Revival of the ding-patches list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
|Sat 23:12
! :R > Re: Find correct list of articles for a gro| 25 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
|Sat 23:16
! :O \-> ... | 21 |Kai Grossjohann
| 0:01
! :R > Re: Cry for help: deuglify.el - moving stuf| 28 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
|Sat 23:34
! :O \-> ... | 115 |Raymond Scholz
| 1:24
! :O \-> ... | 19 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
|15:33
! :O Slow mailing list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
|Sat 23:49
! :O Re: `@@' mark not documented | 13 |Lars Magne
Ingebrigt |Sat 23:50
! :R > Re: Gnus still doesn't count messages prope| 23 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
|Sat 23:57
! :O \-> ... | 18 |Kai Grossjohann
| 0:35
! :O \-> ... | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt
| 0:56
! @end smallexample
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [4.15], , [4.14], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 4.15:
!
! How to split incoming mails in several groups?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy
! nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail
! Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to
! the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter.
!
!
! The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element
! is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has
! the form "group where matching articles should go to",
! "regular expression which has to be matched", the first
! rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a
! general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where
! articles should go which don't match any other rule. If
! the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon
! as an article lands there. By default the mail will be
! send to all groups whose rules match. If you
! don't want that (you probably don't want), say
!
!
! @example
! (setq nnmail-crosspost nil)
! @end example
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus.
!
!
! An example might be better than thousand words, so here's
! my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a
! special group and that the default group is spam, since I
! filter all mails out which are from some list I'm
! subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me
! before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which
! reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers
! from using them):
!
@example
! (setq nnmail-split-methods
! '(("duplicates" "^Gnus-Warning:.*duplicate")
! ("XEmacs-NT" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@xemacs.bla.*")
! ("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.bla.*")
! ("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.bla.*")
! ("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.bla.*")
! ("Hamster-src"
! "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*")
! ("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau <localpart@@www.tagesschau.bla>$")
! ("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.bla.*")
! ("EK"
!
"^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.bla\\|localpart@@workplace.bla\\).*")
! ("Spam"
! "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*")
! ("Spam"
! "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*")
! ("Spam"
! "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*")
! ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*BulkMailer.*\\|.*MIME::Lite.*\\|\\)")
! ("Spam"
! "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)")
! ("Spam"
!
"^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*")
! ("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.bla$")
! ("Spam" "^Received: from link2buy.com")
! ("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.bla")
! ("Spam" "^X-Mailer-Version: 1.50 BETA")
! ("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.bla.*")
! ("Inbox"
! "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.bla\\|adress@@two.bla\\)")
! ("Spam" "")))
@end example
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 4 - Reading
messages, Frequently Asked Questions
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsection Composing messages
! @menu
! * [5.1]:: What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and
! postings?
! * [5.2]:: How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
! * [5.3]:: How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
! * [5.4]:: Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the
! group I post too?
! * [5.5]:: Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
! * [5.6]:: Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
! * [5.7]:: Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember all
! those email addresses?
! * [5.8]:: Sometimes I see little images at the top of article buffer.
! What's that and how can I send one with my postings, too?
! * [5.9]:: Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in newsgroups.
! Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in newsgroups?
! * [5.10]:: How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
! * [5.11]:: I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and news,
! how to do it?
! * [5.12]:: People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct,
! why aren't they and how to fix it?
! @end menu
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.1], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.1:
!
! What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m}
! either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's
! either @samp{a} in Group buffer and
! filling the Newsgroups header manually
! or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the
! group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail
! is
! @samp{r} if you don't want to cite the
! author, or import the cited text manually and
! @samp{R} to cite the text of the original
! message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's
! @samp{f} and @samp{F}
! (analog to @samp{r} and
! @samp{R}.
!
!
! Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows
! this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready
! hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message,
! if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c
! C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you
! can start editing it again by saying @samp{D
! e}.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.2], [5.3], [5.1], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.2:
! How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
!
! Answer:
! Say
!
! @example
! (add-hook 'message-mode-hook
! (lambda ()
! (setq fill-column 72)
! (turn-on-auto-fill)))
! @end example
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus. You can reformat a paragraph by hitting
! @samp{M-q} (as usual)
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.3], [5.4], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.3:
!
! How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! There are other ways, but you should use posting styles
! for this. (See below why).
! This example should make the syntax clear:
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-posting-styles
! '((".*"
! (name "Frank Schmitt")
! (address "me@@there.bla")
! (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi")
! (signature-file "~/.signature")
! ("X-SampleHeader" "foobar")
! (eval (setq some-variable "Foo bar")))))
! @end example
!
! @noindent
! The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones
! (see below), valid values for the first element of the
! following lists are signature, signature-file,
! organization, address, name or body. The attribute name
! can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as
! a header name, and the value will be inserted in the
! headers of the article; if the value is `nil', the header
! name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)),
! then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar
! and the result will be thrown away.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.4], [5.5], [5.3], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.4:
!
! Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post
too?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*"
! to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp
! like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied
! to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use
! ".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings
! send to groups containing the string binaries in their
! name etc.
!
!
! You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function
! which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the
! corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting
! candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if
! the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding
! message-mail-p.
!
!
! Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in
! the example below, when I post to
! gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under
! ".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and
! those under "^gmane" and those under
! "^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because
! of this put general settings at the top and specific ones
! at the bottom.
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-posting-styles
! '((".*" ;;default
! (name "Frank Schmitt")
! (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi")
! (signature-file "~/.signature"))
! ((message-news-p) ;;Usenet news?
! (address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")
! ("Reply-To" "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.bla"))
! ((message-mail-p) ;;mail?
! (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.bla"))
! ("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact
! (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.net")
! ("Reply-To" nil))
! ("^gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general$"
! (eval (setq mail-envelope-from "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))
! (address "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))))
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.5], [5.6], [5.4], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.5:
+ Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
+
+ Answer:
+
+ You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the first
+ thing to do is to make sure that you've got either
+ @itemize @bullet
+ @item
+ @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html,ispell}
+ or
@item
! @uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/,aspell}
! @end itemize
! @noindent
! installed and in your Path.
! Then you need
! @uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html,ispell.el,ispell.el}
! and for on-the-fly spell-checking
!
@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/personnel/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html,flyspell.el,flyspell.el}.
! Ispell.el is shipped with Gnus Emacs and available through the Emacs
! package system, flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs
! text-modes package which is available through the package system, so
! there should be no need to install them manually.
!
! Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say
!
! @example
! (setq ispell-program-name "aspell")
! @end example
!
! @noindent
! in your Emacs configuration file.
!
! If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say
!
+ @example
+ (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message)
+ @end example
! @noindent
! In your ~/.gnus, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say
!
! @example
! (add-hook 'message-mode-hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1)))
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.6], [5.7], [5.5], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.6:
! Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
!
! Answer:
! Yes, say something like
!
! @example
! (add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook
! (lambda ()
! (cond
! ((string-match
! "^de\\." (gnus-group-real-name gnus-newsgroup-name))
! (ispell-change-dictionary "deutsch8"))
! (t
! (ispell-change-dictionary "english")))))
! @end example
!
+ @noindent
+ in ~/.gnus. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something
+ that suits your needs.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [5.7], [5.8], [5.6], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 5.7:
+
+ Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember
+ all those email addresses?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases.
+ You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple
+ alias syntax:
+
! @example
! alias al "Al <al@@english-heritage.bla>"
! @end example
! @noindent
! Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation
! character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will
! cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the
! node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for
! details.
!
!
! However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother
! Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from
! @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/,bbdb's homepage}.
! Now place the following in ~/.gnus, to activate bbdb for Gnus:
!
! @example
! (require 'bbdb)
! (bbdb-initialize 'gnus 'message)
! @end example
+ @noindent
+ Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration,
+ place them in ~/.emacs:
+
! @example
! (require 'bbdb)
! ;;If you don't live in Northern America, you should disable the
! ;;syntax check for telephone numbers by saying
! (setq bbdb-north-american-phone-numbers-p nil)
! ;;Tell bbdb about your email address:
! (setq bbdb-user-mail-names
! (regexp-opt '("Your.Email@@here.bla"
! "Your.other@@mail.there.bla")))
! ;;cycling while completing email addresses
! (setq bbdb-complete-name-allow-cycling t)
! ;;No popup-buffers
! (setq bbdb-use-pop-up nil)
! @end example
! @noindent
! Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET
! RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all
! entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new
! entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and
! @samp{C-o} to add a new field to an
! entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can
! also just hit `:' on the posting in the summary buffer and
! you are done. When you now compose a new mail,
! hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know
! recipients.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.8], [5.9], [5.7], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.8:
!
! Sometimes I see little images at the top of article
! buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my
! postings, too?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w
! pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include
! one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a
! X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say
! Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the
! relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to
! 48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface
! package from
! @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/,this site}.
! and create the actual X-face by saying
!
+ @example
+ cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon |compface > file.face
+ cat ./file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g' | sed 's/\"/\\\"/g' > ./file.face.quoted
+ @end example
! @noindent
! If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter address@hidden
! @uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}. If you use MS Windows, you
! could also use the WinFace program from
! @uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}.
! Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings
! by saying
+ @example
+ (setq message-default-headers
+ (with-temp-buffer
+ (insert "X-Face: ")
+ (insert-file-contents "~/.xemacs/xface")
+ (buffer-string)))
+ @end example
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.9], [5.10], [5.8], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.9:
!
! Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in
! newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in
! newsgroups?
!
! Answer:
! Put this in ~/.gnus:
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news t)
! @end example
! @noindent
! if you already use Gnus 5.10.0, if you still use 5.8.8 or
! 5.9 try this instead:
!
! @example
! (defadvice gnus-summary-reply (around reply-in-news activate)
! (interactive)
! (when (or (not (gnus-news-group-p gnus-newsgroup-name))
! (y-or-n-p "Really reply? "))
! ad-do-it))
! @end example
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.10], [5.11], [5.9], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.10:
!
! How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Since 5.10.0 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by
! default. For older Gnus' try this in ~/.gnus:
!
! @example
! (eval-after-load "message"
! '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)))
! @end example
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.11], [5.12], [5.10], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.11:
!
! I want gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and
! news, how to do it?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do
! this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the
! group where the copies shall go or like in the example
! below use a function which is evaluated and which returns
! the group to use.
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-message-archive-group
! '((if (message-news-p)
! "nnml:Send-News"
! "nnml:Send-Mail")))
! @end example
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [5.12], , [5.11], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 5.12:
!
! People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why
! aren't they and how to fix it?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The message-ID is an unique identifier for messages you
! send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine
! name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine
! where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't
! at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use
! by saying
! @example
! (setq message-user-fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld")
! @end example
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus. If you use Gnus 5.9 or ealier, you can use this
! instead:
! @example
! (eval-after-load "message"
! '(let (myfqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld");; <-- Edit this!
! (if (boundp 'message-user-fqdn)
! (setq message-user-fqdn fqdn)
! (gnus-message 1 "Redefining `message-make-fqdn'.")
! (defun message-make-fqdn ()
! "Return user's fully qualified domain name."
! fqdn))))
! @end example
! If you have no idea what to insert for
! "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several
! choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows
! you to use something like
! yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use
! somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain
! yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which
! gives private users a FQDN for free, e.g.
! @uref{http://www.stura.tu-freiberg.de/~dlx/addfqdn.html}.
! (Sorry but this website is in German, if you know of an
! English one offering the same, drop me a note).
!
!
! Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID
! for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying
!
! @example
! (setq message-required-news-headers
! (remove' Message-ID message-required-news-headers))
! @end example
! @noindent
! you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying
!
! @example
! (setq message-required-mail-headers
! (remove' Message-ID message-required-mail-headers))
! @end example
! @noindent
! , however some mail servers don't generate proper
! Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves
! correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID.
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 5 -
Composing messages, Frequently Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
! @subsection Old messages
! @menu
! * [6.1]:: How to import my old mail into Gnus?
! * [6.2]:: How to archive interesting messages?
! * [6.3]:: How to search for a specific message?
! * [6.4]:: How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
! * [6.5]:: I want that all read messages are expired (at least in some
! groups). How to do it?
! * [6.6]:: I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
! to another group.
! @end menu
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [6.1], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 6.1:
+
+ How to import my old mail into Gnus?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to
+ export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers
+ are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows
+ world, you may find tools at
+ @uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}.
+
+
+ Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do
+ this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by
+ saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in
+ Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your
+ mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal
+ Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've
+ just created by saying @samp{C-u RET}
+ (thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all
+ messages by saying @samp{M P b} and
+ either copy them to the desired group by saying
+ @samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them
+ through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying
+ @samp{B r}.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [6.2], [6.3], [6.1], FAQ 6 - Old messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 6.2:
+
+ How to archive interesting messages?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ If you stumble across an interesting message, say in
+ gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several
+ solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file
+ by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't
+ it be much more convenient to have more direct access to
+ the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this
+ snippet by Frank Haun <pille3003@@fhaun.de> in
+ ~/.gnus:
+
! @example
! (defun my-archive-article (&optional n)
! "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g.
! `gnus.ding' goes to `nnml:1.gnus.ding'. And `nnml:List-gnus.ding' goes
! to `nnml:1.List-gnus-ding'.
!
! Use process marks or mark a region in the summary buffer to archive
! more then one article."
! (interactive "P")
! (let ((archive-name
! (format
! "nnml:1.%s"
! (if (featurep 'xemacs)
! (replace-in-string gnus-newsgroup-name "^.*:" "")
! (replace-regexp-in-string "^.*:" "" gnus-newsgroup-name)))))
! (gnus-summary-copy-article n archive-name)))
! @end example
! @noindent
! You can now say @samp{M-x
! my-archive-article} in summary buffer to
! archive the article under the cursor in a nnml
! group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end)
!
!
! Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-use-cache t)
! @end example
+ @noindent
+ then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant
+ mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read
+ mark will remove them from cache.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [6.3], [6.4], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 6.3:
+
+ How to search for a specific message?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from
+ a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask
+ @uref{http://groups.google.com,groups.google.com},
+ if you found the posting there, tell Google to display
+ the raw message, look for the message-id, and say
+ @samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a
+ summary buffer.
+ Since Gnus 5.10.0 there's also a Gnus interface for
+ groups.google.com which you can call with
+ @samp{G W}) in group buffer.
+
+
+ Another idea which works for both mail and news groups
+ is to enter the group where the message you are
+ searching is and use the standard Emacs search
+ @samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at
+ articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to
+ search bodies, too try @samp{M-s}
+ instead. Further on there are the
+ gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you,
+ too.
+
+
+ Of course you can also use grep to search through your
+ local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and
+ inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail
+ in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end
+ to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and
+ others. You index your mail with one of those search
+ engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough
+ the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all
+ messages which met your search criteria. If this sound
+ cool to you get nnir.el from
+ @uref{ftp://ls6-ftp.cs.uni-dortmund.de/pub/src/emacs/}
+ or @uref{ftp://ftp.is.informatik.uni-duisburg.de/pub/src/emacs/}.
+ Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [6.4], [6.5], [6.3], FAQ 6 - Old messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 6.4:
+
+ How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ You can of course just mark the mail you don't need
+ anymore by saying @samp{#} with point
+ over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL}
+ to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of
+ actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by
+ saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which
+ you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended
+ way in Gnus.
+
+
+ In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news
+ server. That means you tell Gnus the message is
+ expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail
+ anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point
+ over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the
+ group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as
+ expirable before and if they are old enough (default is
+ older than a week) they are deleted.
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [6.5], [6.6], [6.4], FAQ 6 - Old messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 6.5:
+
+ I want that all read messages are expired (at least in
+ some groups). How to do it?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in
+ mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've
+ got two choices: auto-expire and
+ total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article
+ which has no marks set and is selected for reading is
+ marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E}
+ for you every time you read a message. Total-expire
+ follows a slightly different approach, here all article
+ where the read mark is set are expirable.
+
+
+ To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the
+ Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G
+ c} in summary buffer with point over the
+ group to change group parameters). For total-expire add
+ total-expire to the group-parameters.
+
+
+ Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste:
+ Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with
+ Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature,
+ you should use total-expire.
+
+
+ If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in
+ a group where total or auto expire is active, set either
+ tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit
+ @samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you
+ can also set the read mark (hit
+ @samp{d}).
+
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [6.6], , [6.5], FAQ 6 - Old messages
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 6.6:
+
+ I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
+ to another group.
+
! Answer:
! Say something like this in ~/.gnus:
!
+ @example
+ (setq nnmail-expiry-target "nnml:expired")
+ @end example
! @noindent
! (If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target
! on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable
! threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other
! variables specific for some groups?")
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 6 -
Old messages, Frequently Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
! @subsection Gnus in a dial-up environment
! @menu
! * [7.1]:: I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I
! minimize the time I've got to be connected?
! * [7.2]:: So what was this thing about the Agent?
! * [7.3]:: I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
! * [7.4]:: How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings while
! I'm offline?
! @end menu
+ @ifnottex
+ @node [7.1], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a
dial-up environment
+ @end ifnottex
+ @subsubheading Question 7.1:
+
+ I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can
+ I minimize the time I've got to be connected?
+
+
+ Answer:
+
+ You've got basically two options: Either you use the
+ Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install
+ programs which fetch your news and mail to your local
+ disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local
+ machine.
+
+
+ If you want to follow the second approach, you need a
+ program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a
+ program which does the same for mail and a program which
+ receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them
+ when you're online.
+
+
+ Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part, the easiest
+ solution is a small nntp server like
+ @uref{http://www.leafnode.org/,Leafnode} or
+ @uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/,sn}, of course you can also
+ install a full featured news server like
+ @uref{http://www.isc.org/products/INN/,inn}.
+
+ Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices are
+ @itemize @bullet
@item
! @uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/,fetchmail} and
! @item
! @uref{http://www.qcc.ca/~charlesc/software/getmail-3.0/,getmail}.
! @end itemize
! You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and Gnus to read
! it from there. Last but not least the mail sending part: This can be
! done with every MTA like @uref{http://www.sendmail.org/,sendmail},
! @uref{http://www.qmail.org/,postfix}, @uref{http://www.exim.org/,exim}
! or @uref{http://www.qmail.org/,qmail}.
!
!
! On windows boxes I'd vote for
! @uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/,Hamster},
! it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches
! your mail and news from remote servers and offers them
! to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp
! respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp
! server for receiving mails from Gnus.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [7.2], [7.3], [7.1], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 7.2:
!
! So what was this thing about the Agent?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch
! mail and news and store them on disk for reading them
! later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline
! newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use
! the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus if you are
! still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10.0):
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-agent t)
! @end example
!
! Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be
! stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer
! (that is press @samp{^} while in the
! group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to
! the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the
! server by typing @samp{J a}. If you
! make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this
! action by typing @samp{J r}. When
! you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer.
! Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized
! server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from
! there the next time you enter the group.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [7.3], [7.4], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 7.3:
!
! I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies
! of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is
! done in a special buffer which can be reached by
! saying @samp{J c} in group
! buffer. Please refer to the documentation for
! information which predicates are possible and how
! exactly to do it.
!
!
! Further on you can tell the agent manually which
! articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do
! this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a
! set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by
! saying @samp{#} with point over the
! article and then type @samp{J s}. The
! other possibility is to set, again in the summary
! buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you
! want by typing @samp{@@} with point over
! the article and then typing @samp{J u}.
! What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as
! soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable
! marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable
! marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in
! the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The
! only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of
! the headers for every selected group on an agentized
! server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial
! fetch session could take hours.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [7.4], , [7.3], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 7.4:
!
! How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings
! while I'm offline?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online
! (plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest
! works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged
! state by saying @samp{J j} in group
! buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x
! gnus-unplugged} instead of
! @samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to
! work, the agent must be active.
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up
environment, Frequently Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
! @subsection Getting help
+ @menu
+ * [8.1]:: How to find information and help inside Emacs?
+ * [8.2]:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
+ (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
+ * [8.3]:: Which websites should I know?
+ * [8.4]:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
+ * [8.5]:: Where to report bugs?
+ * [8.6]:: I need real-time help, where to find it?
+ @end menu
! @ifnottex
! @node [8.1], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 8 - Getting help
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 8.1:
!
! How to find information and help inside Emacs?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say
! @samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the
! Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a
! full-text search with @samp{s}). Then
! there are the general Emacs help commands starting with
! C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list
! of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally
! @samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you
! search through all available functions and @samp{M-x
! apropos} searches the bound variables.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [8.2], [8.3], [8.1], FAQ 8 - Getting help
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 8.2:
!
! I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
! (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals
! for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages
! are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't
! really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in
! different info files, you should have a look in those
! manuals, too.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [8.3], [8.4], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 8.3:
!
! Which websites should I know?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The two most important ones are the
! @uref{http://www.gnus.org,official Gnus website}.
! and it's sister site
! @uref{http://my.gnus.org,my.gnus.org (MGO)},
! hosting an archive of lisp snippets, howtos, a (not
! really finished) tutorial and this FAQ.
!
!
! Tell me about other sites which are interesting.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [8.4], [8.5], [8.3], FAQ 8 - Getting help
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 8.4:
!
! Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (pull it from
! e.g. news.gnus.org) which deals with general questions
! and the ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) dealing with
! development of Gnus. You can read the ding list via
! NNTP, too under the name gnus.ding from news.gnus.org.
!
!
! If you want to stay in the big8,
! news.software.newssreaders is also read by some Gnus
! users (but chances for qualified help are much better in
! the above groups) and if you speak German, there's
! de.comm.software.gnus.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [8.5], [8.6], [8.4], FAQ 8 - Getting help
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 8.5:
!
! Where to report bugs?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start a message to the
! @email{bugs@@gnus.org,gnus bug mailing list} including information
! about your environment which make it easier to help you.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [8.6], , [8.5], FAQ 8 - Getting help
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 8.6:
!
! I need real-time help, where to find it?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! Point your IRC client to irc.my.gnus.org channel
! #mygnus. Don't be afraid if people there speak German,
! they are willing and capable of switching to
! English when people from outside Germany enter.
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ - Glossary, FAQ 8 - Getting help, Frequently
Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
! @subsection Tuning Gnus
! @menu
! * [9.1]:: Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
! * [9.2]:: How to speed up the process of entering a group?
! * [9.3]:: Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
! @end menu
! @ifnottex
! @node [9.1], [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 9.1:
!
! Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's
! active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus
! manual for things you might try to speed the process up.
! An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus (say
! @samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus
! RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require
! statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with
! eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup
! time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your
! ~/.gnus:
!
@example
! (require 'message)
! (add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))
@end example
! @noindent
! then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If
! you replace it with
!
!
! @example
! (eval-after-load "message"
! '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)))
! @end example
!
! @noindent
! it's loaded when it's needed.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [9.2], [9.3], [9.1], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 9.2:
!
! How to speed up the process of entering a group?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! A speed killer is setting the variable
! gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from nil,
! so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up
! building of summary say
!
!
! @example
! (gnus-compile)
! @end example
!
! @noindent
! at the bottom of your ~/.gnus, this will make gnus
! byte-compile things like
! gnus-summary-line-format.
! then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold
! by saying something like
!
!
! @example
! (setq gc-cons-threshold 3500000)
! @end example
!
! @noindent
! in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK
! characters or use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger together with a
! recent GNU Emacs, you should say
!
!
! @example
! (setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil)
! @end example
!
!
! @noindent
! in ~/.gnus (thanks to Jesper harder for the last
! two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8
! or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary
! buffer generation, you definitely should update to
! 5.10.0 since there quite some work on improving it has
! been done.
!
! @ifnottex
! @node [9.3], , [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
! @end ifnottex
! @subsubheading Question 9.3:
!
! Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
!
!
! Answer:
!
! The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the
! messages you wrote by setting
! gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group
! instead of an archive group, this should bring you back
! to normal speed.
!
!
! @ifnottex
! @node FAQ - Glossary, , FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, Frequently Asked Questions
! @end ifnottex
! @subsection Glossary
!
! @table @dfn
!
! @item ~/.gnus
! When the term ~/.gnus is used it just means your Gnus
! configuration file. You might as well call it ~/.gnus.el or
! specify another name.
!
!
! @item Back End
! In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer
! between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or
! whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface
! to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc.
!
!
! @item Emacs
! When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU
! Emacs or XEmacs.
!
!
! @item Message
! In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a
! Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter
! of which kind it is.
!
!
! @item MUA
! MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you
! use to read and write e-mails.
!
!
! @item NUA
! NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you
! use to read and write Usenet news.
!
! @end table
+ @c @bye
@ignore
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