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[PATCH 2/3] In commentary, do not use ` to quote.


From: Paul Eggert
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] In commentary, do not use ` to quote.
Date: Mon, 26 Dec 2011 17:39:58 -0800
User-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; rv:8.0) Gecko/20111124 Thunderbird/8.0

---
 Makefile                     |    2 +-
 NEWS                         |    2 +-
 build-aux/announce-gen       |   12 +++---
 build-aux/bootstrap          |    6 ++--
 build-aux/compile            |   16 ++++----
 build-aux/config.guess       |   12 +++---
 build-aux/config.sub         |    6 ++--
 build-aux/depcomp            |   36 +++++++++---------
 build-aux/gnupload           |    8 ++--
 build-aux/install-sh         |   12 +++---
 build-aux/mdate-sh           |    8 ++--
 build-aux/missing            |    6 ++--
 build-aux/mkinstalldirs      |    6 ++--
 build-aux/ylwrap             |    8 ++--
 check-module                 |    6 ++--
 lib/argmatch.c               |    2 +-
 lib/argmatch.h               |    2 +-
 lib/argp-ba.c                |    4 +-
 lib/argp-fmtstream.c         |    2 +-
 lib/argp-fmtstream.h         |    2 +-
 lib/argp-help.c              |   32 ++++++++--------
 lib/argp-parse.c             |    8 ++--
 lib/argp-version-etc.h       |    2 +-
 lib/argp.h                   |   34 +++++++++---------
 lib/backupfile.c             |    2 +-
 lib/basename.c               |    4 +-
 lib/canonicalize-lgpl.c      |    4 +-
 lib/canonicalize.c           |    4 +-
 lib/chdir-long.c             |    4 +-
 lib/chown.c                  |    4 +-
 lib/cloexec.c                |    4 +-
 lib/cloexec.h                |    4 +-
 lib/close-stream.c           |    2 +-
 lib/closein.c                |    2 +-
 lib/closeout.c               |    2 +-
 lib/cycle-check.c            |    4 +-
 lib/diffseq.h                |    4 +-
 lib/dirname-lgpl.c           |    6 ++--
 lib/error.c                  |    4 +-
 lib/error.h                  |    6 ++--
 lib/euidaccess.c             |    2 +-
 lib/fchown-stub.c            |    4 +-
 lib/fcntl.in.h               |    4 +-
 lib/filemode.c               |    4 +-
 lib/filevercmp.c             |    2 +-
 lib/fnmatch.c                |    4 +-
 lib/fnmatch.in.h             |   12 +++---
 lib/fnmatch_loop.c           |    8 ++--
 lib/fstatat.c                |    4 +-
 lib/fts.c                    |   10 +++---
 lib/fts_.h                   |    6 ++--
 lib/fwriteerror.c            |    2 +-
 lib/getaddrinfo.c            |    2 +-
 lib/getcwd-lgpl.c            |    2 +-
 lib/getcwd.c                 |    4 +-
 lib/getloadavg.c             |    4 +-
 lib/getndelim2.c             |    2 +-
 lib/getopt.c                 |   64 +++++++++++++++++-----------------
 lib/getopt.in.h              |   52 +++++++++++++-------------
 lib/getopt_int.h             |   14 ++++----
 lib/getugroups.c             |    2 +-
 lib/getusershell.c           |    6 ++--
 lib/glob-libc.h              |   18 +++++-----
 lib/glob.c                   |   30 ++++++++--------
 lib/hash.c                   |   22 ++++++------
 lib/hash.h                   |    6 ++--
 lib/human.c                  |    4 +-
 lib/human.h                  |    2 +-
 lib/inet_ntop.c              |    4 +-
 lib/inet_pton.c              |   12 +++---
 lib/linebuffer.h             |    2 +-
 lib/long-options.c           |    2 +-
 lib/lstat.c                  |    6 ++--
 lib/md5.h                    |    2 +-
 lib/memcmp.c                 |   12 +++---
 lib/mktime.c                 |    6 ++--
 lib/modechange.c             |   26 +++++++-------
 lib/mountlist.c              |    6 ++--
 lib/msvc-inval.h             |    2 +-
 lib/netdb.in.h               |   18 +++++-----
 lib/obstack.c                |   14 ++++----
 lib/obstack.h                |   16 ++++----
 lib/openat.c                 |    2 +-
 lib/parse-datetime.y         |    4 +-
 lib/posixtm.c                |    4 +-
 lib/pt_chown.c               |    4 +-
 lib/ptsname.c                |    2 +-
 lib/pty-private.h            |    2 +-
 lib/putenv.c                 |    4 +-
 lib/quotearg.c               |    2 +-
 lib/random_r.c               |    2 +-
 lib/readtokens.c             |    2 +-
 lib/regcomp.c                |   36 +++++++++---------
 lib/regex.h                  |   60 ++++++++++++++++----------------
 lib/regex_internal.c         |    2 +-
 lib/regex_internal.h         |   10 +++---
 lib/regexec.c                |   80 +++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 lib/save-cwd.c               |    2 +-
 lib/setenv.c                 |   10 +++---
 lib/settime.c                |    2 +-
 lib/sig2str.c                |    2 +-
 lib/spawn.in.h               |   14 ++++----
 lib/spawn_faction_addclose.c |    2 +-
 lib/spawn_faction_adddup2.c  |    2 +-
 lib/spawn_faction_addopen.c  |    2 +-
 lib/spawn_faction_destroy.c  |    2 +-
 lib/spawn_faction_init.c     |    4 +-
 lib/spawnattr_destroy.c      |    2 +-
 lib/spawnattr_init.c         |    2 +-
 lib/spawni.c                 |   16 ++++----
 lib/stat-size.h              |    6 ++--
 lib/strftime.c               |    6 ++--
 lib/stripslash.c             |    2 +-
 lib/strptime.c               |    8 ++--
 lib/strtod.c                 |    2 +-
 lib/strtol.c                 |   12 +++---
 lib/strtoll.c                |    2 +-
 lib/strtoull.c               |    2 +-
 lib/strverscmp.c             |    2 +-
 lib/trim.c                   |    2 +-
 lib/unsetenv.c               |    2 +-
 lib/userspec.c               |   10 +++---
 lib/verror.c                 |   10 +++---
 lib/verror.h                 |   10 +++---
 lib/version-etc.h            |    4 +-
 lib/xmemdup0.c               |    6 ++--
 lib/xnanosleep.c             |    2 +-
 lib/xstrtol.c                |    6 ++--
 m4/absolute-header.m4        |    6 ++--
 m4/acl.m4                    |    2 +-
 m4/alloca.m4                 |    4 +-
 m4/ansi-c++.m4               |    4 +-
 m4/bison.m4                  |    2 +-
 m4/calloc.m4                 |    4 +-
 m4/fsusage.m4                |    2 +-
 m4/getloadavg.m4             |    2 +-
 m4/gettext.m4                |    2 +-
 m4/include_next.m4           |    2 +-
 m4/ls-mntd-fs.m4             |    2 +-
 m4/perl.m4                   |    2 +-
 m4/physmem.m4                |    2 +-
 m4/posixver.m4               |    4 +-
 m4/time_h.m4                 |    2 +-
 m4/utimbuf.m4                |    2 +-
 modules/userspec             |    2 +-
 tests/init.sh                |    4 +-
 top/GNUmakefile              |    2 +-
 top/maint.mk                 |   26 +++++++-------
 148 files changed, 584 insertions(+), 584 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index f62a661..8fc57a2 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ all:
 info html dvi pdf:
        cd doc && $(MAKE) $@ && $(MAKE) mostlyclean
 
-# Collect the names of rules starting with `sc_'.
+# Collect the names of rules starting with 'sc_'.
 syntax-check-rules := $(sort $(shell sed -n 's/^\(sc_[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\):.*/\1/p'\
                        Makefile))
 
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 0322bd2..febad60 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ Date        Modules         Changes
 2008-09-28  sockets         When using this module, you now need to link with
                             $(LIBSOCKET).
 
-2008-09-24  sys_select      The limitation on `select', introduced 2008-09-23,
+2008-09-24  sys_select      The limitation on 'select', introduced 2008-09-23,
                             was removed.  sys_select now includes a select
                             wrapper for Winsock.  The wrapper expects socket
                             and file descriptors to be compatible as arranged
diff --git a/build-aux/announce-gen b/build-aux/announce-gen
index d9f1319..cd59705 100755
--- a/build-aux/announce-gen
+++ b/build-aux/announce-gen
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ eval '(exit $?0)' && eval 'exec perl -wS "$0" ${1+"$@"}'
     if 0;
 # Generate a release announcement message.
 
-my $VERSION = '2011-12-25 18:38'; # UTC
+my $VERSION = '2011-12-27 00:23'; # UTC
 # The definition above must lie within the first 8 lines in order
 # for the Emacs time-stamp write hook (at end) to update it.
 # If you change this file with Emacs, please let the write hook
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ sub print_news_deltas ($$$)
       else
         {
           # This regexp must not match version numbers in NEWS items.
-          # For example, they might well say `introduced in 4.5.5',
+          # For example, they might well say "introduced in 4.5.5",
           # and we don't want that to match.
           $line =~ /^$re_prefix.*(?:[^\d.]|$)\Q$prev_version\E(?:[^\d.]|$)/o
             and last;
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ sub print_changelog_deltas ($$)
   # Append any remaining ChangeLog files.
   push @reordered, sort keys %changelog;
 
-  # Remove leading `./'.
+  # Remove leading './'.
   @reordered = map { s!^\./!!; $_ } @reordered;
 
   print "\nChangeLog entries:\n\n";
@@ -282,9 +282,9 @@ sub print_changelog_deltas ($$)
   open DIFF, '-|', $cmd
     or die "$ME: cannot run '$cmd': $!\n";
   # Print two types of lines, making minor changes:
-  # Lines starting with `+++ ', e.g.,
+  # Lines starting with '+++ ', e.g.,
   # +++ ChangeLog   22 Feb 2003 16:52:51 -0000      1.247
-  # and those starting with `+'.
+  # and those starting with '+'.
   # Don't print the others.
   my $prev_printed_line_empty = 1;
   while (defined (my $line = <DIFF>))
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ sub get_tool_versions ($$)
           next;
         }
       # Assume that the last "word" on the first line of
-      # `tool --version` output is the version string.
+      # 'tool --version' output is the version string.
       my ($first_line, undef) = split ("\n", `$t --version`);
       if ($first_line =~ /.* (\d[\w.-]+)$/)
         {
diff --git a/build-aux/bootstrap b/build-aux/bootstrap
index 505a05e..7f73ac5 100755
--- a/build-aux/bootstrap
+++ b/build-aux/bootstrap
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # Print a version string.
-scriptversion=2011-12-21.09; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.20; # UTC
 
 # Bootstrap this package from checked-out sources.
 
@@ -316,8 +316,8 @@ insert_vc_ignore() {
   pattern="$2"
   case $vc_ignore_file in
   *.gitignore)
-    # A .gitignore entry that does not start with `/' applies
-    # recursively to subdirectories, so prepend `/' to every
+    # A .gitignore entry that does not start with '/' applies
+    # recursively to subdirectories, so prepend '/' to every
     # .gitignore entry.
     pattern=`echo "$pattern" | sed s,^,/,`;;
   esac
diff --git a/build-aux/compile b/build-aux/compile
index 52264d0..93d25bc 100755
--- a/build-aux/compile
+++ b/build-aux/compile
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /bin/sh
-# Wrapper for compilers which do not understand `-c -o'.
+# Wrapper for compilers which do not understand '-c -o'.
 
-scriptversion=2011-12-23.20; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.20; # UTC
 
 # Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009, 2010 Free Software
 # Foundation, Inc.
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func_cl_wrapper ()
     else
       case $1 in
        -o)
-         # configure might choose to run compile as `compile cc -o foo foo.c'.
+         # configure might choose to run compile as 'compile cc -o foo foo.c'.
          eat=1
          case $2 in
            *.o | *.[oO][bB][jJ])
@@ -233,8 +233,8 @@ do
   else
     case $1 in
       -o)
-       # configure might choose to run compile as `compile cc -o foo foo.c'.
-       # So we strip `-o arg' only if arg is an object.
+       # configure might choose to run compile as 'compile cc -o foo foo.c'.
+       # So we strip '-o arg' only if arg is an object.
        eat=1
        case $2 in
          *.o | *.obj)
@@ -261,10 +261,10 @@ do
 done
 
 if test -z "$ofile" || test -z "$cfile"; then
-  # If no `-o' option was seen then we might have been invoked from a
+  # If no '-o' option was seen then we might have been invoked from a
   # pattern rule where we don't need one.  That is ok -- this is a
   # normal compilation that the losing compiler can handle.  If no
-  # `.c' file was seen then we are probably linking.  That is also
+  # '.c' file was seen then we are probably linking.  That is also
   # ok.
   exec "$@"
 fi
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ fi
 cofile=`echo "$cfile" | sed 's|^.*[\\/]||; s|^[a-zA-Z]:||; s/\.c$/.o/'`
 
 # Create the lock directory.
-# Note: use `[/\\:.-]' here to ensure that we don't use the same name
+# Note: use '[/\\:.-]' here to ensure that we don't use the same name
 # that we are using for the .o file.  Also, base the name on the expected
 # object file name, since that is what matters with a parallel build.
 lockdir=`echo "$cofile" | sed -e 's|[/\\:.-]|_|g'`.d
diff --git a/build-aux/config.guess b/build-aux/config.guess
index 746d31b..ce3ea10 100755
--- a/build-aux/config.guess
+++ b/build-aux/config.guess
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #   2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
 #   2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
-timestamp='2011-12-23'
+timestamp='2011-12-25'
 
 # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ trap 'exit 1' 1 2 15
 # temporary files to be created and, as you can see below, it is a
 # headache to deal with in a portable fashion.
 
-# Historically, `CC_FOR_BUILD' used to be named `HOST_CC'. We still
-# use `HOST_CC' if defined, but it is deprecated.
+# Historically, 'CC_FOR_BUILD' used to be named 'HOST_CC'. We still
+# use 'HOST_CC' if defined, but it is deprecated.
 
 # Portable tmp directory creation inspired by the Autoconf team.
 
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ case 
"${UNAME_MACHINE}:${UNAME_SYSTEM}:${UNAME_RELEASE}:${UNAME_VERSION}" in
                UNAME_RELEASE=`uname -v`
                ;;
        esac
-       # Japanese Language versions have a version number like `4.1.3-JL'.
+       # Japanese Language versions have a version number like '4.1.3-JL'.
        echo sparc-sun-sunos`echo ${UNAME_RELEASE}|sed -e 's/-/_/'`
        exit ;;
     sun3*:SunOS:*:*)
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ EOF
        echo ${UNAME_MACHINE}-pc-sysv4.2uw${UNAME_VERSION}
        exit ;;
     i*86:OS/2:*:*)
-       # If we were able to find `uname', then EMX Unix compatibility
+       # If we were able to find 'uname', then EMX Unix compatibility
        # is probably installed.
        echo ${UNAME_MACHINE}-pc-os2-emx
        exit ;;
@@ -1150,7 +1150,7 @@ EOF
                echo ns32k-sni-sysv
        fi
        exit ;;
-    PENTIUM:*:4.0*:*)  # Unisys `ClearPath HMP IX 4000' SVR4/MP effort
+    PENTIUM:*:4.0*:*)  # Unisys "ClearPath HMP IX 4000" SVR4/MP effort
                        # says <address@hidden>
        echo i586-unisys-sysv4
        exit ;;
diff --git a/build-aux/config.sub b/build-aux/config.sub
index 83804e7..7c93998 100755
--- a/build-aux/config.sub
+++ b/build-aux/config.sub
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #   2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
 #   2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
-timestamp='2011-12-23'
+timestamp='2011-12-25'
 
 # This file is (in principle) common to ALL GNU software.
 # The presence of a machine in this file suggests that SOME GNU software
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ case $basic_machine in
                basic_machine=armel-unknown
                ;;
 
-       # We use `pc' rather than `unknown'
+       # We use 'pc' rather than 'unknown'
        # because (1) that's what they normally are, and
        # (2) the word "unknown" tends to confuse beginning users.
        i*86 | x86_64)
@@ -1495,7 +1495,7 @@ case $os in
        -none)
                ;;
        *)
-               # Get rid of the `-' at the beginning of $os.
+               # Get rid of the '-' at the beginning of $os.
                os=`echo $os | sed 's/[^-]*-//'`
                echo Invalid configuration \'$1\': system \'$os\' not 
recognized" 1>&2
                exit 1
diff --git a/build-aux/depcomp b/build-aux/depcomp
index f7fd597..0750e1c 100755
--- a/build-aux/depcomp
+++ b/build-aux/depcomp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # depcomp - compile a program generating dependencies as side-effects
 
-scriptversion=2011-12-23.20; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.21; # UTC
 
 # Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010,
 # 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ gcc)
 ## The second -e expression handles DOS-style file names with drive letters.
   sed -e 's/^[^:]*: / /' \
       -e 's/^['$alpha']:\/[^:]*: / /' < "$tmpdepfile" >> "$depfile"
-## This next piece of magic avoids the `deleted header file' problem.
+## This next piece of magic avoids the "deleted header file" problem.
 ## The problem is that when a header file which appears in a .P file
 ## is deleted, the dependency causes make to die (because there is
 ## typically no way to rebuild the header).  We avoid this by adding
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ gcc)
 ## this for us directly.
   tr ' ' '
 ' < "$tmpdepfile" |
-## Some versions of gcc put a space before the `:'.  On the theory
+## Some versions of gcc put a space before the ':'.  On the theory
 ## that the space means something, we add a space to the output as
 ## well.  hp depmode also adds that space, but also prefixes the VPATH
 ## to the object.  Take care to not repeat it in the output.
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ sgi)
     # clever and replace this with sed code, as IRIX sed won't handle
     # lines with more than a fixed number of characters (4096 in
     # IRIX 6.2 sed, 8192 in IRIX 6.5).  We also remove comment lines;
-    # the IRIX cc adds comments like `#:fec' to the end of the
+    # the IRIX cc adds comments like '#:fec' to the end of the
     # dependency line.
     tr ' ' '
 ' < "$tmpdepfile" \
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ sgi)
 aix)
   # The C for AIX Compiler uses -M and outputs the dependencies
   # in a .u file.  In older versions, this file always lives in the
-  # current directory.  Also, the AIX compiler puts `$object:' at the
+  # current directory.  Also, the AIX compiler puts '$object:' at the
   # start of each line; $object doesn't have directory information.
   # Version 6 uses the directory in both cases.
   dir=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$|/|'`
@@ -259,9 +259,9 @@ aix)
     test -f "$tmpdepfile" && break
   done
   if test -f "$tmpdepfile"; then
-    # Each line is of the form `foo.o: dependent.h'.
+    # Each line is of the form 'foo.o: dependent.h'.
     # Do two passes, one to just change these to
-    # `$object: dependent.h' and one to simply `dependent.h:'.
+    # '$object: dependent.h' and one to simply 'dependent.h:'.
     sed -e "s,^.*\.[a-z]*:,$object:," < "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
     # That's a tab and a space in the [].
     sed -e 's,^.*\.[a-z]*:[     ]*,,' -e 's,$,:,' < "$tmpdepfile" >> "$depfile"
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ aix)
   ;;
 
 icc)
-  # Intel's C compiler understands `-MD -MF file'.  However on
+  # Intel's C compiler understands '-MD -MF file'.  However on
   #    icc -MD -MF foo.d -c -o sub/foo.o sub/foo.c
   # ICC 7.0 will fill foo.d with something like
   #    foo.o: sub/foo.c
@@ -300,10 +300,10 @@ icc)
     exit $stat
   fi
   rm -f "$depfile"
-  # Each line is of the form `foo.o: dependent.h',
-  # or `foo.o: dep1.h dep2.h \', or ` dep3.h dep4.h \'.
+  # Each line is of the form 'foo.o: dependent.h',
+  # or 'foo.o: dep1.h dep2.h \', or ' dep3.h dep4.h \'.
   # Do two passes, one to just change these to
-  # `$object: dependent.h' and one to simply `dependent.h:'.
+  # '$object: dependent.h' and one to simply 'dependent.h:'.
   sed "s,^[^:]*:,$object :," < "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
   # Some versions of the HPUX 10.20 sed can't process this invocation
   # correctly.  Breaking it into two sed invocations is a workaround.
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ hp2)
   done
   if test -f "$tmpdepfile"; then
     sed -e "s,^.*\.[a-z]*:,$object:," "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
-    # Add `dependent.h:' lines.
+    # Add 'dependent.h:' lines.
     sed -ne '2,${
               s/^ *//
               s/ \\*$//
@@ -359,9 +359,9 @@ hp2)
 
 tru64)
    # The Tru64 compiler uses -MD to generate dependencies as a side
-   # effect.  `cc -MD -o foo.o ...' puts the dependencies into `foo.o.d'.
+   # effect.  'cc -MD -o foo.o ...' puts the dependencies into 'foo.o.d'.
    # At least on Alpha/Redhat 6.1, Compaq CCC V6.2-504 seems to put
-   # dependencies in `foo.d' instead, so we check for that too.
+   # dependencies in 'foo.d' instead, so we check for that too.
    # Subdirectories are respected.
    dir=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$|/|'`
    test "x$dir" = "x$object" && dir=
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ dashmstdout)
     shift
   fi
 
-  # Remove `-o $object'.
+  # Remove '-o $object'.
   IFS=" "
   for arg
   do
@@ -498,9 +498,9 @@ dashmstdout)
   done
 
   test -z "$dashmflag" && dashmflag=-M
-  # Require at least two characters before searching for `:'
+  # Require at least two characters before searching for ':'
   # in the target name.  This is to cope with DOS-style filenames:
-  # a dependency such as `c:/foo/bar' could be seen as target `c' otherwise.
+  # a dependency such as 'c:/foo/bar' could be seen as target 'c' otherwise.
   "$@" $dashmflag |
     sed 's:^[  ]*[^: ][^:][^:]*\:[    ]*:'"$object"'\: :' > "$tmpdepfile"
   rm -f "$depfile"
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ cpp)
     shift
   fi
 
-  # Remove `-o $object'.
+  # Remove '-o $object'.
   IFS=" "
   for arg
   do
diff --git a/build-aux/gnupload b/build-aux/gnupload
index 98d13fa..8268f66 100755
--- a/build-aux/gnupload
+++ b/build-aux/gnupload
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Sign files and upload them.
 
-scriptversion=2011-12-23.20; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.21; # UTC
 
 # Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software
 # Foundation, Inc.
@@ -238,10 +238,10 @@ fi
 unset passphrase
 
 # Reset PATH to be sure that echo is a built-in.  We will later use
-# `echo $passphrase' to output the passphrase, so it is important that
-# it is a built-in (third-party programs tend to appear in `ps'
+# 'echo $passphrase' to output the passphrase, so it is important that
+# it is a built-in (third-party programs tend to appear in 'ps'
 # listings with their arguments...).
-# Remember this script runs with `set -e', so if echo is not built-in
+# Remember this script runs with 'set -e', so if echo is not built-in
 # it will exit now.
 PATH=/empty echo -n "Enter GPG passphrase: "
 stty -echo
diff --git a/build-aux/install-sh b/build-aux/install-sh
index 64c4b3e..1c4e338 100755
--- a/build-aux/install-sh
+++ b/build-aux/install-sh
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # install - install a program, script, or datafile
 
-scriptversion=2011-11-20.07; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.21; # UTC
 
 # This originates from X11R5 (mit/util/scripts/install.sh), which was
 # later released in X11R6 (xc/config/util/install.sh) with the
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ scriptversion=2011-11-20.07; # UTC
 # FSF changes to this file are in the public domain.
 #
 # Calling this script install-sh is preferred over install.sh, to prevent
-# `make' implicit rules from creating a file called install from it
+# 'make' implicit rules from creating a file called install from it
 # when there is no Makefile.
 #
 # This script is compatible with the BSD install script, but was written
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ while test $# -ne 0; do
     -s) stripcmd=$stripprog;;
 
     -t) dst_arg=$2
-       # Protect names problematic for `test' and other utilities.
+       # Protect names problematic for 'test' and other utilities.
        case $dst_arg in
          -* | [=\(\)!]) dst_arg=./$dst_arg;;
        esac
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ if test $# -ne 0 && test -z "$dir_arg$dst_arg"; then
     fi
     shift # arg
     dst_arg=$arg
-    # Protect names problematic for `test' and other utilities.
+    # Protect names problematic for 'test' and other utilities.
     case $dst_arg in
       -* | [=\(\)!]) dst_arg=./$dst_arg;;
     esac
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ if test $# -eq 0; then
     echo "$0: no input file specified." >&2
     exit 1
   fi
-  # It's OK to call `install-sh -d' without argument.
+  # It's OK to call 'install-sh -d' without argument.
   # This can happen when creating conditional directories.
   exit 0
 fi
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ fi
 
 for src
 do
-  # Protect names problematic for `test' and other utilities.
+  # Protect names problematic for 'test' and other utilities.
   case $src in
     -* | [=\(\)!]) src=./$src;;
   esac
diff --git a/build-aux/mdate-sh b/build-aux/mdate-sh
index f38753b..b3fb6a5 100755
--- a/build-aux/mdate-sh
+++ b/build-aux/mdate-sh
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Get modification time of a file or directory and pretty-print it.
 
-scriptversion=2011-12-23.20; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.21; # UTC
 
 # Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010
 # Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ LC_TIME=C
 export LC_TIME
 
 # GNU ls changes its time format in response to the TIME_STYLE
-# variable.  Since we cannot assume `unset' works, revert this
+# variable.  Since we cannot assume 'unset' works, revert this
 # variable to its documented default.
 if test "${TIME_STYLE+set}" = set; then
   TIME_STYLE=posix-long-iso
@@ -96,14 +96,14 @@ if ls -n /dev/null 1>/dev/null 2>&1; then
   ls_command="$ls_command -n"
 fi
 
-# A `ls -l' line looks as follows on OS/2.
+# A 'ls -l' line looks as follows on OS/2.
 #  drwxrwx---        0 Aug 11  2001 foo
 # This differs from Unix, which adds ownership information.
 #  drwxrwx---   2 root  root      4096 Aug 11  2001 foo
 #
 # To find the date, we split the line on spaces and iterate on words
 # until we find a month.  This cannot work with files whose owner is a
-# user named `Jan', or `Feb', etc.  However, it's unlikely that `/'
+# user named "Jan", or "Feb", etc.  However, it's unlikely that '/'
 # will be owned by a user whose name is a month.  So we first look at
 # the extended ls output of the root directory to decide how many
 # words should be skipped to get the date.
diff --git a/build-aux/missing b/build-aux/missing
index 2d95e27..d4383b4 100755
--- a/build-aux/missing
+++ b/build-aux/missing
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # Common stub for a few missing GNU programs while installing.
 
-scriptversion=2011-12-23.20; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.21; # UTC
 
 # Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006,
 # 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ run=:
 sed_output='s/.* --output[ =]\([^ ]*\).*/\1/p'
 sed_minuso='s/.* -o \([^ ]*\).*/\1/p'
 
-# In the cases where this matters, `missing' is being run in the
+# In the cases where this matters, 'missing' is being run in the
 # srcdir already.
 if test -f configure.ac; then
   configure_ac=configure.ac
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ case $1 in
        exit 1
     elif test "x$2" = "x--version" || test "x$2" = "x--help"; then
        # Could not run --version or --help.  This is probably someone
-       # running `$TOOL --version' or `$TOOL --help' to check whether
+       # running '$TOOL --version' or '$TOOL --help' to check whether
        # $TOOL exists and not knowing $TOOL uses missing.
        exit 1
     fi
diff --git a/build-aux/mkinstalldirs b/build-aux/mkinstalldirs
index 4191a45..a0df586 100755
--- a/build-aux/mkinstalldirs
+++ b/build-aux/mkinstalldirs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # mkinstalldirs --- make directory hierarchy
 
-scriptversion=2009-04-28.21; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.21; # UTC
 
 # Original author: Noah Friedman <address@hidden>
 # Created: 1993-05-16
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ case $dirmode in
       echo "mkdir -p -- $*"
       exec mkdir -p -- "$@"
     else
-      # On NextStep and OpenStep, the `mkdir' command does not
+      # On NextStep and OpenStep, the 'mkdir' command does not
       # recognize any option.  It will interpret all options as
-      # directories to create, and then abort because `.' already
+      # directories to create, and then abort because '.' already
       # exists.
       test -d ./-p && rmdir ./-p
       test -d ./--version && rmdir ./--version
diff --git a/build-aux/ylwrap b/build-aux/ylwrap
index ee80fed..21e8221 100755
--- a/build-aux/ylwrap
+++ b/build-aux/ylwrap
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # ylwrap - wrapper for lex/yacc invocations.
 
-scriptversion=2011-12-23.20; # UTC
+scriptversion=2011-12-25.21; # UTC
 
 # Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
 # 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ if test $ret -eq 0; then
   # The directory holding the input.
   input_dir=`echo "$input" | sed -e 's,\([\\/]\)[^\\/]*$,\1,'`
   # Quote $INPUT_DIR so we can use it in a regexp.
-  # FIXME: really we should care about more than `.' and `\'.
+  # FIXME: really we should care about more than '.' and '\'.
   input_rx=`echo "$input_dir" | sed 's,\\\\,\\\\\\\\,g;s,\\.,\\\\.,g'`
 
   while test "$#" -ne 0; do
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ if test $ret -eq 0; then
     fi
     if test -f "$from"; then
       # If $2 is an absolute path name, then just use that,
-      # otherwise prepend `../'.
+      # otherwise prepend '../'.
       case "$2" in
         [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]*) target="$2";;
         *) target="../$2";;
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ if test $ret -eq 0; then
         realtarget="$target"
         target="tmp-`echo $target | sed s/.*[\\/]//g`"
       fi
-      # Edit out `#line' or `#' directives.
+      # Edit out '#line' or '#' directives.
       #
       # We don't want the resulting debug information to point at
       # an absolute srcdir; it is better for it to just mention the
diff --git a/check-module b/check-module
index 625a131..1a81566 100755
--- a/check-module
+++ b/check-module
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 
 # Read a module description file and derive the set of files
-# included directly by any .c or .h file listed in the `Files:' section.
+# included directly by any .c or .h file listed in the 'Files:' section.
 # Take the union of all such sets for any dependent modules.
 # Then, compare that set with the set derived from the names
 # listed in the various Files: sections.
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 # FIXME:
 # for each .m4 file listed in the Files: section(s)
 # parse it for AC_LIBSOURCES directives, and accumulate the set
-# of files `required' via all AC_LIBSOURCES.
+# of files "required" via all AC_LIBSOURCES.
 # If this set is not empty, ensure that it contains
 # the same (.c and .h only?) files as are listed in the Files: sections.
 
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ sub find_included_lib_files ($)
 
 my %exempt_header =
   (
-   # Exempt headers like unlocked-io.h that are `#include'd
+   # Exempt headers like unlocked-io.h that are '#include'd
    # but not necessarily used.
    'unlocked-io.h' => 1,
 
diff --git a/lib/argmatch.c b/lib/argmatch.c
index 3a6406e..e1909bb 100644
--- a/lib/argmatch.c
+++ b/lib/argmatch.c
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ argmatch_exit_fn argmatch_die = __argmatch_die;
    synonyms, i.e., for
      "yes", "yop" -> 0
      "no", "nope" -> 1
-   "y" is a valid argument, for `0', and "n" for `1'.  */
+   "y" is a valid argument, for 0, and "n" for 1.  */
 
 ptrdiff_t
 argmatch (const char *arg, const char *const *arglist,
diff --git a/lib/argmatch.h b/lib/argmatch.h
index b1a1193..4dc4dfa 100644
--- a/lib/argmatch.h
+++ b/lib/argmatch.h
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ ptrdiff_t argmatch (char const *arg, char const *const 
*arglist,
 
 /* xargmatch calls this function when it fails.  This function should not
    return.  By default, this is a function that calls ARGMATCH_DIE which
-   in turn defaults to `exit (exit_failure)'.  */
+   in turn defaults to 'exit (exit_failure)'.  */
 typedef void (*argmatch_exit_fn) (void);
 extern argmatch_exit_fn argmatch_die;
 
diff --git a/lib/argp-ba.c b/lib/argp-ba.c
index a03b134..71159cf 100644
--- a/lib/argp-ba.c
+++ b/lib/argp-ba.c
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
 /* If set by the user program, it should point to string that is the
    bug-reporting address for the program.  It will be printed by argp_help if
    the ARGP_HELP_BUG_ADDR flag is set (as it is by various standard help
-   messages), embedded in a sentence that says something like `Report bugs to
-   ADDR.'.  */
+   messages), embedded in a sentence that says something like "Report bugs to
+   ADDR."  */
 const char *argp_program_bug_address
 /* This variable should be zero-initialized.  On most systems, putting it into
    BSS is sufficient.  Not so on MacOS X 10.3 and 10.4, see
diff --git a/lib/argp-fmtstream.c b/lib/argp-fmtstream.c
index c308eb6..a50604c 100644
--- a/lib/argp-fmtstream.c
+++ b/lib/argp-fmtstream.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
-/* This package emulates glibc `line_wrap_stream' semantics for systems that
+/* This package emulates glibc 'line_wrap_stream' semantics for systems that
    don't have that.  */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
diff --git a/lib/argp-fmtstream.h b/lib/argp-fmtstream.h
index f664254..f1bd453 100644
--- a/lib/argp-fmtstream.h
+++ b/lib/argp-fmtstream.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
-/* This package emulates glibc `line_wrap_stream' semantics for systems that
+/* This package emulates glibc 'line_wrap_stream' semantics for systems that
    don't have that.  If the system does have it, it is just a wrapper for
    that.  This header file is only used internally while compiling argp, and
    shouldn't be installed.  */
diff --git a/lib/argp-help.c b/lib/argp-help.c
index 181bdbc..cb4121f 100644
--- a/lib/argp-help.c
+++ b/lib/argp-help.c
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 
 /* User-selectable (using an environment variable) formatting parameters.
 
-   These may be specified in an environment variable called `ARGP_HELP_FMT',
+   These may be specified in an environment variable called 'ARGP_HELP_FMT',
    with a contents like:  VAR1=VAL1,VAR2=VAL2,BOOLVAR2,no-BOOLVAR2
    Where VALn must be a positive integer.  The list of variables is in the
    UPARAM_NAMES vector, below.  */
@@ -73,13 +73,13 @@
 #define RMARGIN      79         /* right margin used for wrapping */
 
 /* User-selectable (using an environment variable) formatting parameters.
-   They must all be of type `int' for the parsing code to work.  */
+   They must all be of type 'int' for the parsing code to work.  */
 struct uparams
 {
   /* If true, arguments for an option are shown with both short and long
-     options, even when a given option has both, e.g. `-x ARG, --longx=ARG'.
+     options, even when a given option has both, e.g. '-x ARG, --longx=ARG'.
      If false, then if an option has both, the argument is only shown with
-     the long one, e.g., `-x, --longx=ARG', and a message indicating that
+     the long one, e.g., '-x, --longx=ARG', and a message indicating that
      this really means both is printed below the options.  */
   int dup_args;
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static struct uparams uparams = {
 struct uparam_name
 {
   const char *name;             /* User name.  */
-  int is_bool;                  /* Whether it's `boolean'.  */
+  int is_bool;                  /* Whether it's 'boolean'.  */
   size_t uparams_offs;          /* Location of the (int) field in UPARAMS.  */
 };
 
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ canon_doc_option (const char **name)
       /* Skip initial whitespace.  */
       while (isspace ((unsigned char) **name))
         (*name)++;
-      /* Decide whether this looks like an option (leading `-') or not.  */
+      /* Decide whether this looks like an option (leading '-') or not.  */
       non_opt = (**name != '-');
       /* Skip until part of name used for sorting.  */
       while (**name && !isalnum ((unsigned char) **name))
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ hol_entry_cmp (const struct hol_entry *entry1,
       /* The entries are not within the same cluster, so we can't compare them
          directly, we have to use the appropiate clustering level too.  */
       if (! entry1->cluster)
-        /* ENTRY1 is at the `base level', not in a cluster, so we have to
+        /* ENTRY1 is at the "base level", not in a cluster, so we have to
            compare it's group number with that of the base cluster in which
            ENTRY2 resides.  Note that if they're in the same group, the
            clustered option always comes laster.  */
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ hol_entry_cmp (const struct hol_entry *entry1,
         doc2 = canon_doc_option (&long2);
 
       if (doc1 != doc2)
-        /* `documentation' options always follow normal options (or
+        /* "documentation" options always follow normal options (or
            documentation options that *look* like normal options).  */
         return doc1 - doc2;
       else if (!short1 && !short2 && long1 && long2)
@@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ hol_entry_help (struct hol_entry *entry, const struct 
argp_state *state,
 
   /* Now, long options.  */
   if (odoc (real))
-    /* A `documentation' option.  */
+    /* A "documentation" option.  */
     {
       __argp_fmtstream_set_wmargin (stream, uparams.doc_opt_col);
       for (opt = real, num = entry->num; num > 0; opt++, num--)
@@ -1439,7 +1439,7 @@ argp_args_usage (const struct argp *argp, const struct 
argp_state *state,
       const char *cp = fdoc;
       nl = __strchrnul (cp, '\n');
       if (*nl != '\0')
-        /* This is a `multi-level' args doc; advance to the correct position
+        /* This is a "multi-level" args doc; advance to the correct position
            as determined by our state in LEVELS, and update LEVELS.  */
         {
           int i;
@@ -1480,9 +1480,9 @@ argp_args_usage (const struct argp *argp, const struct 
argp_state *state,
 }
 
 /* Print the documentation for ARGP to STREAM; if POST is false, then
-   everything preceeding a `\v' character in the documentation strings (or
+   everything preceeding a '\v' character in the documentation strings (or
    the whole string, for those with none) is printed, otherwise, everything
-   following the `\v' character (nothing for strings without).  Each separate
+   following the '\v' character (nothing for strings without).  Each separate
    bit of documentation is separated a blank line, and if PRE_BLANK is true,
    then the first is as well.  If FIRST_ONLY is true, only the first
    occurrence is output.  Returns true if anything was output.  */
@@ -1580,7 +1580,7 @@ argp_doc (const struct argp *argp, const struct 
argp_state *state,
 
 /* Output a usage message for ARGP to STREAM.  If called from
    argp_state_help, STATE is the relevent parsing state.  FLAGS are from the
-   set ARGP_HELP_*.  NAME is what to use wherever a `program name' is
+   set ARGP_HELP_*.  NAME is what to use wherever a "program name" is
    needed. */
 static void
 _help (const struct argp *argp, const struct argp_state *state, FILE *stream,
@@ -1621,7 +1621,7 @@ _help (const struct argp *argp, const struct argp_state 
*state, FILE *stream,
     }
 
   if (flags & (ARGP_HELP_USAGE | ARGP_HELP_SHORT_USAGE))
-    /* Print a short `Usage:' message.  */
+    /* Print a short "Usage:" message.  */
     {
       int first_pattern = 1, more_patterns;
       size_t num_pattern_levels = argp_args_levels (argp);
@@ -1724,7 +1724,7 @@ Try '%s --help' or '%s --usage' for more information.\n"),
 }
 
 /* Output a usage message for ARGP to STREAM.  FLAGS are from the set
-   ARGP_HELP_*.  NAME is what to use wherever a `program name' is needed. */
+   ARGP_HELP_*.  NAME is what to use wherever a "program name" is needed. */
 void __argp_help (const struct argp *argp, FILE *stream,
                   unsigned flags, char *name)
 {
@@ -1782,7 +1782,7 @@ weak_alias (__argp_state_help, argp_state_help)
 #endif
 
 /* If appropriate, print the printf string FMT and following args, preceded
-   by the program name and `:', to stderr, and followed by a `Try ... --help'
+   by the program name and ':', to stderr, and followed by a "Try ... --help"
    message, then exit (1).  */
 void
 __argp_error (const struct argp_state *state, const char *fmt, ...)
diff --git a/lib/argp-parse.c b/lib/argp-parse.c
index 64360be..49cf11d 100644
--- a/lib/argp-parse.c
+++ b/lib/argp-parse.c
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ find_long_option (struct option *long_options, const char 
*name)
 }
 
 
-/* The state of a `group' during parsing.  Each group corresponds to a
+/* The state of a "group" during parsing.  Each group corresponds to a
    particular argp structure from the tree of such descending from the top
    level argp passed to argp_parse.  */
 struct group
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ calc_sizes (const struct argp *argp,  struct parser_sizes 
*szs)
           int num_opts = 0;
           while (!__option_is_end (opt++))
             num_opts++;
-          szs->short_len += num_opts * 3; /* opt + up to 2 `:'s */
+          szs->short_len += num_opts * 3; /* opt + up to 2 ':'s */
           szs->long_len += num_opts;
         }
     }
@@ -781,7 +781,7 @@ parser_parse_next (struct parser *parser, int *arg_ebadkey)
 
   if (parser->state.quoted && parser->state.next < parser->state.quoted)
     /* The next argument pointer has been moved to before the quoted
-       region, so pretend we never saw the quoting `--', and give getopt
+       region, so pretend we never saw the quoting "--", and give getopt
        another chance.  If the user hasn't removed it, getopt will just
        process it again.  */
     parser->state.quoted = 0;
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ parser_parse_next (struct parser *parser, int *arg_ebadkey)
               && strcmp (parser->state.argv[parser->state.next - 1], QUOTE)
                    == 0)
             /* Not only is this the end of the options, but it's a
-               `quoted' region, which may have args that *look* like
+               "quoted" region, which may have args that *look* like
                options, so we definitely shouldn't try to use getopt past
                here, whatever happens.  */
             parser->state.quoted = parser->state.next;
diff --git a/lib/argp-version-etc.h b/lib/argp-version-etc.h
index 53a8517..695b992 100644
--- a/lib/argp-version-etc.h
+++ b/lib/argp-version-etc.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-/* Setup standard display of the version information for the `--version'
+/* Setup standard display of the version information for the '--version'
    option.  NAME is the canonical program name, and AUTHORS is a NULL-
    terminated array of author names. At least one author name must be
    given.
diff --git a/lib/argp.h b/lib/argp.h
index c0483ab..8b83399 100644
--- a/lib/argp.h
+++ b/lib/argp.h
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ struct argp_option
   /* The doc string for this option.  If both NAME and KEY are 0, This string
      will be printed outdented from the normal option column, making it
      useful as a group header (it will be the first thing printed in its
-     group); in this usage, it's conventional to end the string with a `:'.
+     group); in this usage, it's conventional to end the string with a ':'.
 
      Write the initial value as N_("TEXT") if you want xgettext to collect
      it into a POT file.  */
@@ -124,21 +124,21 @@ struct argp_option
 /* This option isn't actually an option (and so should be ignored by the
    actual option parser), but rather an arbitrary piece of documentation that
    should be displayed in much the same manner as the options.  If this flag
-   is set, then the option NAME field is displayed unmodified (e.g., no `--'
+   is set, then the option NAME field is displayed unmodified (e.g., no '--'
    prefix is added) at the left-margin (where a *short* option would normally
    be displayed), and the documentation string in the normal place. The NAME
    field will be translated using gettext, unless OPTION_NO_TRANS is set (see
    below). For purposes of sorting, any leading whitespace and punctuation is
-   ignored, except that if the first non-whitespace character is not `-', this
+   ignored, except that if the first non-whitespace character is not '-', this
    entry is displayed after all options (and OPTION_DOC entries with a leading
-   `-') in the same group.  */
+   '-') in the same group.  */
 #define OPTION_DOC              0x8
 
-/* This option shouldn't be included in `long' usage messages (but is still
+/* This option shouldn't be included in "long" usage messages (but is still
    included in help messages).  This is mainly intended for options that are
    completely documented in an argp's ARGS_DOC field, in which case including
    the option in the generic usage list would be redundant.  For instance,
-   if ARGS_DOC is "FOO BAR\n-x BLAH", and the `-x' option's purpose is to
+   if ARGS_DOC is "FOO BAR\n-x BLAH", and the '-x' option's purpose is to
    distinguish these two cases, -x should probably be marked
    OPTION_NO_USAGE.  */
 #define OPTION_NO_USAGE         0x10
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ typedef error_t (*argp_parser_t) (int key, char *arg,
    ARGP_ERR_UNKNOWN should be returned if they aren't understood.
 
    The sequence of keys to a parsing function is either (where each
-   uppercased word should be prefixed by `ARGP_KEY_' and opt is a user key):
+   uppercased word should be prefixed by 'ARGP_KEY_' and opt is a user key):
 
        INIT opt... NO_ARGS END SUCCESS  -- No non-option arguments at all
    or  INIT (opt | ARG)... END SUCCESS  -- All non-option args parsed
@@ -238,15 +238,15 @@ struct argp
   argp_parser_t parser;
 
   /* A string describing what other arguments are wanted by this program.  It
-     is only used by argp_usage to print the `Usage:' message.  If it
+     is only used by argp_usage to print the "Usage:" message.  If it
      contains newlines, the strings separated by them are considered
      alternative usage patterns, and printed on separate lines (lines after
-     the first are prefix by `  or: ' instead of `Usage:').  */
+     the first are prefix by "  or: " instead of "Usage:").  */
   const char *args_doc;
 
   /* If non-NULL, a string containing extra text to be printed before and
      after the options in a long help message (separated by a vertical tab
-     `\v' character).
+     '\v' character).
      Write the initial value as N_("BEFORE-TEXT") "\v" N_("AFTER-TEXT") if
      you want xgettext to collect the two pieces of text into a POT file.  */
   const char *doc;
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ struct argp
      defines, below, describing which other help text TEXT is.  The function
      should return either TEXT, if it should be used as-is, a replacement
      string, which should be malloced, and will be freed by argp, or NULL,
-     meaning `print nothing'.  The value for TEXT is *after* any translation
+     meaning "print nothing".  The value for TEXT is *after* any translation
      has been done, so if any of the replacement text also needs translation,
      that should be done by the filter function.  INPUT is either the input
      supplied to argp_parse, or NULL, if argp_help was called directly.  */
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ struct argp_child
      printing a header string, use a value of "".  */
   const char *header;
 
-  /* Where to group the child options relative to the other (`consolidated')
+  /* Where to group the child options relative to the other ("consolidated")
      options in the parent argp; the values are the same as the GROUP field
      in argp_option structs, but all child-groupings follow parent options at
      a particular group level.  If both this field and HEADER are zero, then
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ struct argp_state
   unsigned arg_num;
 
   /* If non-zero, the index in ARGV of the first argument following a special
-     `--' argument (which prevents anything following being interpreted as an
+     '--' argument (which prevents anything following being interpreted as an
      option).  Only set once argument parsing has proceeded past this point. */
   int quoted;
 
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ struct argp_state
 /* Don't exit on errors (they may still result in error messages).  */
 #define ARGP_NO_EXIT    0x20
 
-/* Use the gnu getopt `long-only' rules for parsing arguments.  */
+/* Use the gnu getopt "long-only" rules for parsing arguments.  */
 #define ARGP_LONG_ONLY  0x40
 
 /* Turns off any message-printing/exiting options.  */
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ extern void (*argp_program_version_hook) (FILE *__restrict 
__stream,
    the bug-reporting address for the program.  It will be printed by
    argp_help if the ARGP_HELP_BUG_ADDR flag is set (as it is by various
    standard help messages), embedded in a sentence that says something like
-   `Report bugs to ADDR.'.  */
+   "Report bugs to ADDR."  */
 extern const char *argp_program_bug_address;
 
 /* The exit status that argp will use when exiting due to a parsing error.
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ extern error_t argp_err_exit_status;
 /* Flags for argp_help.  */
 #define ARGP_HELP_USAGE         0x01 /* a Usage: message. */
 #define ARGP_HELP_SHORT_USAGE   0x02 /*  " but don't actually print options. */
-#define ARGP_HELP_SEE           0x04 /* a `Try ... for more help' message. */
+#define ARGP_HELP_SEE           0x04 /* a "Try ... for more help" message. */
 #define ARGP_HELP_LONG          0x08 /* a long help message. */
 #define ARGP_HELP_PRE_DOC       0x10 /* doc string preceding long help.  */
 #define ARGP_HELP_POST_DOC      0x20 /* doc string following long help.  */
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ extern void __argp_usage (const struct argp_state *__state);
 #endif
 
 /* If appropriate, print the printf string FMT and following args, preceded
-   by the program name and `:', to stderr, and followed by a `Try ... --help'
+   by the program name and ':', to stderr, and followed by a "Try ... --help"
    message, then exit (1).  */
 extern void argp_error (const struct argp_state *__restrict __state,
                         const char *__restrict __fmt, ...)
diff --git a/lib/backupfile.c b/lib/backupfile.c
index 8633065..82d9ed6 100644
--- a/lib/backupfile.c
+++ b/lib/backupfile.c
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
    - It's typically faster.
    POSIX says that only '0' through '9' are digits.  Prefer ISDIGIT to
    ISDIGIT unless it's important to use the locale's definition
-   of `digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
+   of "digit" even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
 #define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned int) (c) - '0' <= 9)
 
 /* The extension added to file names to produce a simple (as opposed
diff --git a/lib/basename.c b/lib/basename.c
index 90ac501..95e81e8 100644
--- a/lib/basename.c
+++ b/lib/basename.c
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ base_name (char const *name)
   if (ISSLASH (base[length]))
     length++;
 
-  /* On systems with drive letters, `a/b:c' must return `./b:c' rather
-     than `b:c' to avoid confusion with a drive letter.  On systems
+  /* On systems with drive letters, "a/b:c" must return "./b:c" rather
+     than "b:c" to avoid confusion with a drive letter.  On systems
      with pure POSIX semantics, this is not an issue.  */
   if (FILE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (base))
     {
diff --git a/lib/canonicalize-lgpl.c b/lib/canonicalize-lgpl.c
index 2755df9..2e4f129 100644
--- a/lib/canonicalize-lgpl.c
+++ b/lib/canonicalize-lgpl.c
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@
 
 #if !FUNC_REALPATH_WORKS || defined _LIBC
 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME.  A canonical name
-   does not contain any `.', `..' components nor any repeated path
+   does not contain any ".", ".." components nor any repeated path
    separators ('/') or symlinks.  All path components must exist.  If
    RESOLVED is null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the
-   canonical name is PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno'
+   canonical name is PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with 'errno'
    set to ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars,
    returns the name in RESOLVED.  If the name cannot be resolved and
    RESOLVED is non-NULL, it contains the path of the first component
diff --git a/lib/canonicalize.c b/lib/canonicalize.c
index 4fe9f30..b28a7d7 100644
--- a/lib/canonicalize.c
+++ b/lib/canonicalize.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 #if !((HAVE_CANONICALIZE_FILE_NAME && FUNC_REALPATH_WORKS)      \
       || GNULIB_CANONICALIZE_LGPL)
 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME.  A canonical name
-   does not contain any `.', `..' components nor any repeated file name
+   does not contain any ".", ".." components nor any repeated file name
    separators ('/') or symlinks.  All components must exist.
    The result is malloc'd.  */
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ seen_triple (Hash_table **ht, char const *filename, struct 
stat const *st)
 
 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME, while treating
    missing elements according to CAN_MODE.  A canonical name
-   does not contain any `.', `..' components nor any repeated file name
+   does not contain any ".", ".." components nor any repeated file name
    separators ('/') or symlinks.  Whether components must exist
    or not depends on canonicalize mode.  The result is malloc'd.  */
 
diff --git a/lib/chdir-long.c b/lib/chdir-long.c
index af41b12..9a9b93e 100644
--- a/lib/chdir-long.c
+++ b/lib/chdir-long.c
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ find_non_slash (char const *s)
    name.  It handles an arbitrarily long directory name by operating
    on manageable portions of the name.  On systems without the openat
    syscall, this means changing the working directory to more and more
-   `distant' points along the long directory name and then restoring
+   "distant" points along the long directory name and then restoring
    the working directory.  If any of those attempts to save or restore
    the working directory fails, this function exits nonzero.
 
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ main (int argc, char *argv[])
 
   if (argc <= 1)
     {
-      /* Using `pwd' here makes sense only if it is a robust implementation,
+      /* Using 'pwd' here makes sense only if it is a robust implementation,
          like the one in coreutils after the 2004-04-19 changes.  */
       char const *cmd = "pwd";
       execlp (cmd, (char *) NULL);
diff --git a/lib/chown.c b/lib/chown.c
index 9d97e73..ca91cd0 100644
--- a/lib/chown.c
+++ b/lib/chown.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* provide consistent interface to chown for systems that don't interpret
-   an ID of -1 as meaning `don't change the corresponding ID'.
+   an ID of -1 as meaning "don't change the corresponding ID".
 
    Copyright (C) 1997, 2004-2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ chown (const char *file _GL_UNUSED, uid_t uid _GL_UNUSED,
 /* Provide a more-closely POSIX-conforming version of chown on
    systems with one or both of the following problems:
    - chown doesn't treat an ID of -1 as meaning
-   `don't change the corresponding ID'.
+   "don't change the corresponding ID".
    - chown doesn't dereference symlinks.  */
 
 int
diff --git a/lib/cloexec.c b/lib/cloexec.c
index d525202..8ba43dd 100644
--- a/lib/cloexec.c
+++ b/lib/cloexec.c
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
-/* Set the `FD_CLOEXEC' flag of DESC if VALUE is true,
+/* Set the 'FD_CLOEXEC' flag of DESC if VALUE is true,
    or clear the flag if VALUE is false.
-   Return 0 on success, or -1 on error with `errno' set.
+   Return 0 on success, or -1 on error with 'errno' set.
 
    Note that on MingW, this function does NOT protect DESC from being
    inherited into spawned children.  Instead, either use dup_cloexec
diff --git a/lib/cloexec.h b/lib/cloexec.h
index 17c8ac0..585a740 100644
--- a/lib/cloexec.h
+++ b/lib/cloexec.h
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 
-/* Set the `FD_CLOEXEC' flag of DESC if VALUE is true,
+/* Set the 'FD_CLOEXEC' flag of DESC if VALUE is true,
    or clear the flag if VALUE is false.
-   Return 0 on success, or -1 on error with `errno' set.
+   Return 0 on success, or -1 on error with 'errno' set.
 
    Note that on MingW, this function does NOT protect DESC from being
    inherited into spawned children.  Instead, either use dup_cloexec
diff --git a/lib/close-stream.c b/lib/close-stream.c
index 8819b58..16e8bc1 100644
--- a/lib/close-stream.c
+++ b/lib/close-stream.c
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ close_stream (FILE *stream)
      fclose failed, with one exception: ignore an fclose failure if
      there was no previous error, no data remains to be flushed, and
      fclose failed with EBADF.  That can happen when a program like cp
-     is invoked like this `cp a b >&-' (i.e., with standard output
+     is invoked like this 'cp a b >&-' (i.e., with standard output
      closed) and doesn't generate any output (hence no previous error
      and nothing to be flushed).  */
 
diff --git a/lib/closein.c b/lib/closein.c
index 2a652f4..6503892 100644
--- a/lib/closein.c
+++ b/lib/closein.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ close_stdin_set_file_name (const char *file)
    the removal of these files.
 
    It's important to detect such failures and exit nonzero because many
-   tools (most notably `make' and other build-management systems) depend
+   tools (most notably 'make' and other build-management systems) depend
    on being able to detect failure in other tools via their exit status.  */
 
 void
diff --git a/lib/closeout.c b/lib/closeout.c
index f6cdd3f..97b5af8 100644
--- a/lib/closeout.c
+++ b/lib/closeout.c
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ close_stdout_set_ignore_EPIPE (bool ignore)
    can bypass the removal of these files.
 
    It's important to detect such failures and exit nonzero because many
-   tools (most notably `make' and other build-management systems) depend
+   tools (most notably 'make' and other build-management systems) depend
    on being able to detect failure in other tools via their exit status.  */
 
 void
diff --git a/lib/cycle-check.c b/lib/cycle-check.c
index 3b48a9d..3e03f4a 100644
--- a/lib/cycle-check.c
+++ b/lib/cycle-check.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ cycle_check_init (struct cycle_check_state *state)
    descending chdir call, with SB corresponding to the chdir operand.
    If SB corresponds to a directory that has already been seen,
    return true to indicate that there is a directory cycle.
-   Note that this is done `lazily', which means that some of
+   Note that this is done "lazily", which means that some of
    the directories in the cycle may be processed twice before
    the cycle is detected.  */
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ cycle_check (struct cycle_check_state *state, struct stat 
const *sb)
   if (state->chdir_counter && SAME_INODE (*sb, state->dev_ino))
     return true;
 
-  /* If the number of `descending' chdir calls is a power of two,
+  /* If the number of "descending" chdir calls is a power of two,
      record the dev/ino of the current directory.  */
   if (is_zero_or_power_of_two (++(state->chdir_counter)))
     {
diff --git a/lib/diffseq.h b/lib/diffseq.h
index 1cdc985..c5481b3 100644
--- a/lib/diffseq.h
+++ b/lib/diffseq.h
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 # define EARLY_ABORT(ctxt) false
 #endif
 
-/* Use this to suppress gcc's `...may be used before initialized' warnings.
+/* Use this to suppress gcc's "...may be used before initialized" warnings.
    Beware: The Code argument must not contain commas.  */
 #ifndef IF_LINT
 # ifdef lint
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ struct context
   /* Edit scripts longer than this are too expensive to compute.  */
   OFFSET too_expensive;
 
-  /* Snakes bigger than this are considered `big'.  */
+  /* Snakes bigger than this are considered "big".  */
   #define SNAKE_LIMIT 20
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/dirname-lgpl.c b/lib/dirname-lgpl.c
index f5b0c0f..a9f51ae 100644
--- a/lib/dirname-lgpl.c
+++ b/lib/dirname-lgpl.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 /* Return the length of the prefix of FILE that will be used by
    dir_name.  If FILE is in the working directory, this returns zero
-   even though `dir_name (FILE)' will return ".".  Works properly even
+   even though 'dir_name (FILE)' will return ".".  Works properly even
    if there are trailing slashes (by effectively ignoring them).  */
 
 size_t
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ dir_len (char const *file)
 }
 
 
-/* In general, we can't use the builtin `dirname' function if available,
+/* In general, we can't use the builtin 'dirname' function if available,
    since it has different meanings in different environments.
-   In some environments the builtin `dirname' modifies its argument.
+   In some environments the builtin 'dirname' modifies its argument.
 
    Return the leading directories part of FILE, allocated with malloc.
    Works properly even if there are trailing slashes (by effectively
diff --git a/lib/error.c b/lib/error.c
index 5ebe8bf..53d435b 100644
--- a/lib/error.c
+++ b/lib/error.c
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
    function without parameters instead.  */
 void (*error_print_progname) (void);
 
-/* This variable is incremented each time `error' is called.  */
+/* This variable is incremented each time 'error' is called.  */
 unsigned int error_message_count;
 
 #ifdef _LIBC
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ unsigned int error_message_count;
 # include <limits.h>
 # include <libio/libioP.h>
 
-/* In GNU libc we want do not want to use the common name `error' directly.
+/* In GNU libc we want do not want to use the common name 'error' directly.
    Instead make it a weak alias.  */
 extern void __error (int status, int errnum, const char *message, ...)
      __attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 3, 4)));
diff --git a/lib/error.h b/lib/error.h
index 80f81bc..ebddd86 100644
--- a/lib/error.h
+++ b/lib/error.h
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-/* Print a message with `fprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ...)';
+/* Print a message with 'fprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ...)';
    if ERRNUM is nonzero, follow it with ": " and strerror (ERRNUM).
-   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with `exit (STATUS)'.  */
+   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with 'exit (STATUS)'.  */
 
 extern void error (int __status, int __errnum, const char *__format, ...)
      _GL_ATTRIBUTE_FORMAT ((__printf__, 3, 4));
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ extern void error_at_line (int __status, int __errnum, const 
char *__fname,
    function without parameters instead.  */
 extern void (*error_print_progname) (void);
 
-/* This variable is incremented each time `error' is called.  */
+/* This variable is incremented each time 'error' is called.  */
 extern unsigned int error_message_count;
 
 /* Sometimes we want to have at most one error per line.  This
diff --git a/lib/euidaccess.c b/lib/euidaccess.c
index b12eb46..b22912b 100644
--- a/lib/euidaccess.c
+++ b/lib/euidaccess.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /* Return 0 if the user has permission of type MODE on FILE;
-   otherwise, return -1 and set `errno'.
+   otherwise, return -1 and set 'errno'.
    Like access, except that it uses the effective user and group
    id's instead of the real ones, and it does not always check for read-only
    file system, text busy, etc.  */
diff --git a/lib/fchown-stub.c b/lib/fchown-stub.c
index 6be750b..62b6969 100644
--- a/lib/fchown-stub.c
+++ b/lib/fchown-stub.c
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
-/* A trivial substitute for `fchown'.
+/* A trivial substitute for 'fchown'.
 
-   DJGPP 2.03 and earlier (and perhaps later) don't have `fchown',
+   DJGPP 2.03 and earlier (and perhaps later) don't have 'fchown',
    so we pretend no-one has permission for this operation. */
 
 int
diff --git a/lib/fcntl.in.h b/lib/fcntl.in.h
index 0a07221..eed2a01 100644
--- a/lib/fcntl.in.h
+++ b/lib/fcntl.in.h
@@ -177,12 +177,12 @@ _GL_WARN_ON_USE (openat, "openat is not portable - "
 /* Fix up the O_* macros.  */
 
 #if !defined O_DIRECT && defined O_DIRECTIO
-/* Tru64 spells it `O_DIRECTIO'.  */
+/* Tru64 spells it 'O_DIRECTIO'.  */
 # define O_DIRECT O_DIRECTIO
 #endif
 
 #if !defined O_CLOEXEC && defined O_NOINHERIT
-/* Mingw spells it `O_NOINHERIT'.  */
+/* Mingw spells it 'O_NOINHERIT'.  */
 # define O_CLOEXEC O_NOINHERIT
 #endif
 
diff --git a/lib/filemode.c b/lib/filemode.c
index 0f6641a..649616c 100644
--- a/lib/filemode.c
+++ b/lib/filemode.c
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 #include "filemode.h"
 
 /* The following is for Cray DMF (Data Migration Facility), which is a
-   HSM file system.  A migrated file has a `st_dm_mode' that is
-   different from the normal `st_mode', so any tests for migrated
+   HSM file system.  A migrated file has a 'st_dm_mode' that is
+   different from the normal 'st_mode', so any tests for migrated
    files should use the former.  */
 #if HAVE_ST_DM_MODE
 # define IS_MIGRATED_FILE(statp) \
diff --git a/lib/filevercmp.c b/lib/filevercmp.c
index fd9e9f4..1013778 100644
--- a/lib/filevercmp.c
+++ b/lib/filevercmp.c
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ order (unsigned char c)
    This implements the algorithm for comparison of version strings
    specified by Debian and now widely adopted.  The detailed
    specification can be found in the Debian Policy Manual in the
-   section on the `Version' control field.  This version of the code
+   section on the 'Version' control field.  This version of the code
    implements that from s5.6.12 of Debian Policy v3.8.0.1
    http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.html#s-f-Version */
 static int _GL_ATTRIBUTE_PURE
diff --git a/lib/fnmatch.c b/lib/fnmatch.c
index bd25b4c..eb23e61 100644
--- a/lib/fnmatch.c
+++ b/lib/fnmatch.c
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ extern int fnmatch (const char *pattern, const char *string, 
int flags);
    Library, but also included in many other GNU distributions.  Compiling
    and linking in this code is a waste when using the GNU C library
    (especially if it is a shared library).  Rather than having every GNU
-   program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
+   program understand 'configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
    it is simpler to just do this in the source for each such file.  */
 
 #if defined _LIBC || !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__ || !HAVE_FNMATCH_GNU
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ extern int fnmatch (const char *pattern, const char 
*string, int flags);
 #  endif
 
 # else
-#  define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH  6 /* Namely, `xdigit'.  */
+#  define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH  6 /* Namely, 'xdigit'.  */
 
 #  define IS_CHAR_CLASS(string)                                               \
    (STREQ (string, "alpha") || STREQ (string, "upper")                        \
diff --git a/lib/fnmatch.in.h b/lib/fnmatch.in.h
index e06ff03..ef513f2 100644
--- a/lib/fnmatch.in.h
+++ b/lib/fnmatch.in.h
@@ -32,23 +32,23 @@ extern "C" {
 #undef  FNM_NOESCAPE
 #undef  FNM_PERIOD
 
-/* Bits set in the FLAGS argument to `fnmatch'.  */
-#define FNM_PATHNAME    (1 << 0) /* No wildcard can ever match `/'.  */
+/* Bits set in the FLAGS argument to 'fnmatch'.  */
+#define FNM_PATHNAME    (1 << 0) /* No wildcard can ever match '/'.  */
 #define FNM_NOESCAPE    (1 << 1) /* Backslashes don't quote special chars.  */
-#define FNM_PERIOD      (1 << 2) /* Leading `.' is matched only explicitly.  */
+#define FNM_PERIOD      (1 << 2) /* Leading '.' is matched only explicitly.  */
 
 #if !defined _POSIX_C_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE < 2 || defined _GNU_SOURCE
 # define FNM_FILE_NAME   FNM_PATHNAME   /* Preferred GNU name.  */
-# define FNM_LEADING_DIR (1 << 3)       /* Ignore `/...' after a match.  */
+# define FNM_LEADING_DIR (1 << 3)       /* Ignore '/...' after a match.  */
 # define FNM_CASEFOLD    (1 << 4)       /* Compare without regard to case.  */
 # define FNM_EXTMATCH    (1 << 5)       /* Use ksh-like extended matching. */
 #endif
 
-/* Value returned by `fnmatch' if STRING does not match PATTERN.  */
+/* Value returned by 'fnmatch' if STRING does not match PATTERN.  */
 #define FNM_NOMATCH     1
 
 /* This value is returned if the implementation does not support
-   `fnmatch'.  Since this is not the case here it will never be
+   'fnmatch'.  Since this is not the case here it will never be
    returned but the conformance test suites still require the symbol
    to be defined.  */
 #ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE
diff --git a/lib/fnmatch_loop.c b/lib/fnmatch_loop.c
index f35c10f..6eea3d9 100644
--- a/lib/fnmatch_loop.c
+++ b/lib/fnmatch_loop.c
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ FCT (const CHAR *pattern, const CHAR *string, const CHAR 
*string_end,
               return FNM_NOMATCH;
 
             if (*n == L_('/') && (flags & FNM_FILE_NAME))
-              /* `/' cannot be matched.  */
+              /* '/' cannot be matched.  */
               return FNM_NOMATCH;
 
             not = (*p == L_('!') || (posixly_correct < 0 && *p == L_('^')));
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ FCT (const CHAR *pattern, const CHAR *string, const CHAR 
*string_end,
                         UCHAR cend = *p++;
 
 # ifdef WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
-                        /* Search in the `names' array for the characters.  */
+                        /* Search in the 'names' array for the characters.  */
                         fcollseq = __collseq_table_lookup (collseq, fn);
                         if (fcollseq == ~((uint32_t) 0))
                           /* XXX We don't know anything about the character
@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ FCT (const CHAR *pattern, const CHAR *string, const CHAR 
*string_end,
 #else
                         /* We use a boring value comparison of the character
                            values.  This is better than comparing using
-                           `strcoll' since the latter would have surprising
+                           'strcoll' since the latter would have surprising
                            and sometimes fatal consequences.  */
                         UCHAR cend = *p++;
 
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ EXT (INT opt, const CHAR *pattern, const CHAR *string, 
const CHAR *string_end,
 
     case L_('@'):
       do
-        /* I cannot believe it but `strcat' is actually acceptable
+        /* I cannot believe it but 'strcat' is actually acceptable
            here.  Match the entire string with the prefix from the
            pattern list and the rest of the pattern following the
            pattern list.  */
diff --git a/lib/fstatat.c b/lib/fstatat.c
index e59be91..a8ee638 100644
--- a/lib/fstatat.c
+++ b/lib/fstatat.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ rpl_fstatat (int fd, char const *file, struct stat *st, int 
flag)
 
 #else /* ! (HAVE_FSTATAT && HAVE_WORKING_FSTATAT_ZERO_FLAG) */
 
-/* On mingw, the gnulib <sys/stat.h> defines `stat' as a function-like
+/* On mingw, the gnulib <sys/stat.h> defines 'stat' as a function-like
    macro; but using it in AT_FUNC_F2 causes compilation failure
    because the preprocessor sees a use of a macro that requires two
    arguments but is only given one.  Hence, we need an inline
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ stat_func (char const *name, struct stat *st)
   return stat (name, st);
 }
 
-/* Likewise, if there is no native `lstat', then the gnulib
+/* Likewise, if there is no native 'lstat', then the gnulib
    <sys/stat.h> defined it as stat, which also needs adjustment.  */
 # if !HAVE_LSTAT
 #  undef lstat
diff --git a/lib/fts.c b/lib/fts.c
index ccd1980..a2995bc 100644
--- a/lib/fts.c
+++ b/lib/fts.c
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  *    without specific prior written permission.
  *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ fts_open (char * const *argv,
                            O_SEARCH | (ISSET (FTS_NOATIME) ? O_NOATIME : 0));
             if (fd < 0)
               {
-                /* Even if `.' is unreadable, don't revert to FTS_NOCHDIR mode
+                /* Even if "." is unreadable, don't revert to FTS_NOCHDIR mode
                    on systems like Linux+PROC_FS, where our openat emulation
                    is good enough.  Note: on a system that emulates
                    openat via /proc, this technique can still fail, but
@@ -1429,7 +1429,7 @@ fts_build (register FTS *sp, int type)
 
         level = cur->fts_level + 1;
 
-        /* Read the directory, attaching each entry to the `link' pointer. */
+        /* Read the directory, attaching each entry to the "link" pointer. */
         doadjust = false;
         head = NULL;
         tail = NULL;
@@ -2004,7 +2004,7 @@ fts_maxarglen (char * const *argv)
  * tricked by someone changing the world out from underneath us.
  * Assumes p->fts_statp->st_dev and p->fts_statp->st_ino are filled in.
  * If FD is non-negative, expect it to be used after this function returns,
- * and to be closed eventually.  So don't pass e.g., `dirfd(dirp)' and then
+ * and to be closed eventually.  So don't pass e.g., 'dirfd(dirp)' and then
  * do closedir(dirp), because that would invalidate the saved FD.
  * Upon failure, close FD immediately and return nonzero.
  */
@@ -2053,7 +2053,7 @@ fts_safe_changedir (FTS *sp, FTSENT *p, int fd, char 
const *dir)
           return -1;
 
         /* The following dev/inode check is necessary if we're doing a
-           `logical' traversal (through symlinks, a la chown -L), if the
+           "logical" traversal (through symlinks, a la chown -L), if the
            system lacks O_NOFOLLOW support, or if we're changing to ".."
            (but not via a popped file descriptor).  When changing to the
            name "..", O_NOFOLLOW can't help.  In general, when the target is
diff --git a/lib/fts_.h b/lib/fts_.h
index a0235a9..7d52812 100644
--- a/lib/fts_.h
+++ b/lib/fts_.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  *    without specific prior written permission.
  *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ typedef struct {
      The lazy way (which works only with FTS_PHYSICAL),
      with which one may process a directory that is a
      part of the cycle several times before detecting the cycle.
-     The `tight' way, whereby fts uses more memory (proportional
-     to number of `active' directories, aka distance from root
+     The "tight" way, whereby fts uses more memory (proportional
+     to number of "active" directories, aka distance from root
      of current tree to current directory -- see active_dir_ht)
      to detect any cycle right away.  For example, du must use
      this option to avoid counting disk space in a cycle multiple
diff --git a/lib/fwriteerror.c b/lib/fwriteerror.c
index 6b3a070..a54efc7 100644
--- a/lib/fwriteerror.c
+++ b/lib/fwriteerror.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ do_fwriteerror (FILE *fp, bool ignore_ebadf)
      or if fclose failed, with two exceptions:
        - Ignore an fclose failure if there was no previous error, no data
          remains to be flushed, and fclose failed with EBADF.  That can
-         happen when a program like cp is invoked like this `cp a b >&-'
+         happen when a program like cp is invoked like this 'cp a b >&-'
          (i.e., with standard output closed) and doesn't generate any
          output (hence no previous error and nothing to be flushed).
        - Ignore an fclose failure due to EPIPE.  That can happen when a
diff --git a/lib/getaddrinfo.c b/lib/getaddrinfo.c
index 9109d44..10940de 100644
--- a/lib/getaddrinfo.c
+++ b/lib/getaddrinfo.c
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ getaddrinfo (const char *restrict nodename,
   return 0;
 }
 
-/* Free `addrinfo' structure AI including associated storage.  */
+/* Free 'addrinfo' structure AI including associated storage.  */
 void
 freeaddrinfo (struct addrinfo *ai)
 {
diff --git a/lib/getcwd-lgpl.c b/lib/getcwd-lgpl.c
index 2761422..29d35ca 100644
--- a/lib/getcwd-lgpl.c
+++ b/lib/getcwd-lgpl.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ typedef int dummy;
    (perhaps because the absolute name was longer than PATH_MAX, or
    because of missing read/search permissions on parent directories)
    or SIZE was too small.  If successful, returns BUF.  If BUF is
-   NULL, an array is allocated with `malloc'; the array is SIZE bytes
+   NULL, an array is allocated with 'malloc'; the array is SIZE bytes
    long, unless SIZE == 0, in which case it is as big as
    necessary.  */
 
diff --git a/lib/getcwd.c b/lib/getcwd.c
index 9b8171c..edadf11 100644
--- a/lib/getcwd.c
+++ b/lib/getcwd.c
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 /* Get the name of the current working directory, and put it in SIZE
    bytes of BUF.  Returns NULL if the directory couldn't be determined or
    SIZE was too small.  If successful, returns BUF.  In GNU, if BUF is
-   NULL, an array is allocated with `malloc'; the array is SIZE bytes long,
+   NULL, an array is allocated with 'malloc'; the array is SIZE bytes long,
    unless SIZE == 0, in which case it is as big as necessary.  */
 
 char *
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ __getcwd (char *buf, size_t size)
     buf = realloc (dir, used);
 
   if (buf == NULL)
-    /* Either buf was NULL all along, or `realloc' failed but
+    /* Either buf was NULL all along, or 'realloc' failed but
        we still have the original string.  */
     buf = dir;
 
diff --git a/lib/getloadavg.c b/lib/getloadavg.c
index d324451..a37f081 100644
--- a/lib/getloadavg.c
+++ b/lib/getloadavg.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
    NLIST_STRUCT                 Include nlist.h, not a.out.h.
    N_NAME_POINTER               The nlist n_name element is a pointer,
                                 not an array.
-   HAVE_STRUCT_NLIST_N_UN_N_NAME `n_un.n_name' is member of `struct nlist'.
+   HAVE_STRUCT_NLIST_N_UN_N_NAME 'n_un.n_name' is member of 'struct nlist'.
    LINUX_LDAV_FILE              [__linux__, __CYGWIN__]: File containing
                                 load averages.
 
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ getloadavg (double loadavg[], int nelem)
 #  define LDAV_DONE
   /* This call can return -1 for an error, but with good args
      it's not supposed to fail.  The first argument is for no
-     apparent reason of type `long int *'.  */
+     apparent reason of type 'long int *'.  */
   dg_sys_info ((long int *) &load_info,
                DG_SYS_INFO_LOAD_INFO_TYPE,
                DG_SYS_INFO_LOAD_VERSION_0);
diff --git a/lib/getndelim2.c b/lib/getndelim2.c
index fcdf7df..145071b 100644
--- a/lib/getndelim2.c
+++ b/lib/getndelim2.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 # define SSIZE_MAX ((ssize_t) (SIZE_MAX / 2))
 #endif
 
-/* Use this to suppress gcc's `...may be used before initialized' warnings. */
+/* Use this to suppress gcc's "...may be used before initialized" warnings. */
 #ifdef lint
 # define IF_LINT(Code) Code
 #else
diff --git a/lib/getopt.c b/lib/getopt.c
index 7c9f704..574a203 100644
--- a/lib/getopt.c
+++ b/lib/getopt.c
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@
 # include <wchar.h>
 #endif
 
-/* This version of `getopt' appears to the caller like standard Unix `getopt'
+/* This version of 'getopt' appears to the caller like standard Unix 'getopt'
    but it behaves differently for the user, since it allows the user
    to intersperse the options with the other arguments.
 
-   As `getopt_long' works, it permutes the elements of ARGV so that,
+   As 'getopt_long' works, it permutes the elements of ARGV so that,
    when it is done, all the options precede everything else.  Thus
    all application programs are extended to handle flexible argument order.
 
-   Using `getopt' or setting the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT
+   Using 'getopt' or setting the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT
    disables permutation.
    Then the behavior is completely standard.
 
@@ -58,24 +58,24 @@
 
 #include "getopt_int.h"
 
-/* For communication from `getopt' to the caller.
-   When `getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
+/* For communication from 'getopt' to the caller.
+   When 'getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
    the argument value is returned here.
-   Also, when `ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
+   Also, when 'ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
    each non-option ARGV-element is returned here.  */
 
 char *optarg;
 
 /* Index in ARGV of the next element to be scanned.
    This is used for communication to and from the caller
-   and for communication between successive calls to `getopt'.
+   and for communication between successive calls to 'getopt'.
 
-   On entry to `getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.
+   On entry to 'getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.
 
-   When `getopt' returns -1, this is the index of the first of the
+   When 'getopt' returns -1, this is the index of the first of the
    non-option elements that the caller should itself scan.
 
-   Otherwise, `optind' communicates from one call to the next
+   Otherwise, 'optind' communicates from one call to the next
    how much of ARGV has been scanned so far.  */
 
 /* 1003.2 says this must be 1 before any call.  */
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ extern char *__getopt_nonoption_flags;
    The other is elements [last_nonopt,optind), which contains all
    the options processed since those non-options were skipped.
 
-   `first_nonopt' and `last_nonopt' are relocated so that they describe
+   'first_nonopt' and 'last_nonopt' are relocated so that they describe
    the new indices of the non-options in ARGV after they are moved.  */
 
 static void
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ exchange (char **argv, struct _getopt_data *d)
      but it consists of two parts that need to be swapped next.  */
 
 #if defined _LIBC && defined USE_NONOPTION_FLAGS
-  /* First make sure the handling of the `__getopt_nonoption_flags'
+  /* First make sure the handling of the '__getopt_nonoption_flags'
      string can work normally.  Our top argument must be in the range
      of the string.  */
   if (d->__nonoption_flags_len > 0 && top >= d->__nonoption_flags_max_len)
@@ -291,48 +291,48 @@ _getopt_initialize (int argc _GL_UNUSED,
 
    If an element of ARGV starts with '-', and is not exactly "-" or "--",
    then it is an option element.  The characters of this element
-   (aside from the initial '-') are option characters.  If `getopt'
+   (aside from the initial '-') are option characters.  If 'getopt'
    is called repeatedly, it returns successively each of the option characters
    from each of the option elements.
 
-   If `getopt' finds another option character, it returns that character,
-   updating `optind' and `nextchar' so that the next call to `getopt' can
+   If 'getopt' finds another option character, it returns that character,
+   updating 'optind' and 'nextchar' so that the next call to 'getopt' can
    resume the scan with the following option character or ARGV-element.
 
-   If there are no more option characters, `getopt' returns -1.
-   Then `optind' is the index in ARGV of the first ARGV-element
+   If there are no more option characters, 'getopt' returns -1.
+   Then 'optind' is the index in ARGV of the first ARGV-element
    that is not an option.  (The ARGV-elements have been permuted
    so that those that are not options now come last.)
 
    OPTSTRING is a string containing the legitimate option characters.
    If an option character is seen that is not listed in OPTSTRING,
-   return '?' after printing an error message.  If you set `opterr' to
+   return '?' after printing an error message.  If you set 'opterr' to
    zero, the error message is suppressed but we still return '?'.
 
    If a char in OPTSTRING is followed by a colon, that means it wants an arg,
    so the following text in the same ARGV-element, or the text of the following
-   ARGV-element, is returned in `optarg'.  Two colons mean an option that
+   ARGV-element, is returned in 'optarg'.  Two colons mean an option that
    wants an optional arg; if there is text in the current ARGV-element,
-   it is returned in `optarg', otherwise `optarg' is set to zero.
+   it is returned in 'optarg', otherwise 'optarg' is set to zero.
 
-   If OPTSTRING starts with `-' or `+', it requests different methods of
+   If OPTSTRING starts with '-' or '+', it requests different methods of
    handling the non-option ARGV-elements.
    See the comments about RETURN_IN_ORDER and REQUIRE_ORDER, above.
 
-   Long-named options begin with `--' instead of `-'.
+   Long-named options begin with '--' instead of '-'.
    Their names may be abbreviated as long as the abbreviation is unique
    or is an exact match for some defined option.  If they have an
    argument, it follows the option name in the same ARGV-element, separated
-   from the option name by a `=', or else the in next ARGV-element.
-   When `getopt' finds a long-named option, it returns 0 if that option's
-   `flag' field is nonzero, the value of the option's `val' field
-   if the `flag' field is zero.
+   from the option name by a '=', or else the in next ARGV-element.
+   When 'getopt' finds a long-named option, it returns 0 if that option's
+   'flag' field is nonzero, the value of the option's 'val' field
+   if the 'flag' field is zero.
 
    The elements of ARGV aren't really const, because we permute them.
    But we pretend they're const in the prototype to be compatible
    with other systems.
 
-   LONGOPTS is a vector of `struct option' terminated by an
+   LONGOPTS is a vector of 'struct option' terminated by an
    element containing a name which is zero.
 
    LONGIND returns the index in LONGOPT of the long-named option found.
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ _getopt_internal_r (int argc, char **argv, const char 
*optstring,
           d->__last_nonopt = d->optind;
         }
 
-      /* The special ARGV-element `--' means premature end of options.
+      /* The special ARGV-element '--' means premature end of options.
          Skip it like a null option,
          then exchange with previous non-options as if it were an option,
          then skip everything else like a non-option.  */
@@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ _getopt_internal_r (int argc, char **argv, const char 
*optstring,
     char c = *d->__nextchar++;
     const char *temp = strchr (optstring, c);
 
-    /* Increment `optind' when we start to process its last character.  */
+    /* Increment 'optind' when we start to process its last character.  */
     if (*d->__nextchar == '\0')
       ++d->optind;
 
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@ _getopt_internal_r (int argc, char **argv, const char 
*optstring,
             return c;
           }
         else
-          /* We already incremented `d->optind' once;
+          /* We already incremented 'd->optind' once;
              increment it again when taking next ARGV-elt as argument.  */
           d->optarg = argv[d->optind++];
 
@@ -1114,7 +1114,7 @@ _getopt_internal_r (int argc, char **argv, const char 
*optstring,
                   c = '?';
               }
             else
-              /* We already incremented `optind' once;
+              /* We already incremented 'optind' once;
                  increment it again when taking next ARGV-elt as argument.  */
               d->optarg = argv[d->optind++];
             d->__nextchar = NULL;
@@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ __posix_getopt (int argc, char *const *argv, const char 
*optstring)
 #ifdef TEST
 
 /* Compile with -DTEST to make an executable for use in testing
-   the above definition of `getopt'.  */
+   the above definition of 'getopt'.  */
 
 int
 main (int argc, char **argv)
diff --git a/lib/getopt.in.h b/lib/getopt.in.h
index 0f3918a..28dfcf8 100644
--- a/lib/getopt.in.h
+++ b/lib/getopt.in.h
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
    getopt_long_only can permute argv; this is required for backward
    compatibility (e.g., for LSB 2.0.1).
 
-   This used to be `#if defined __GETOPT_PREFIX && !defined __need_getopt',
+   This used to be '#if defined __GETOPT_PREFIX && !defined __need_getopt',
    but it caused redefinition warnings if both unistd.h and getopt.h were
    included, since unistd.h includes getopt.h having previously defined
    __need_getopt.
@@ -128,29 +128,29 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-/* For communication from `getopt' to the caller.
-   When `getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
+/* For communication from 'getopt' to the caller.
+   When 'getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
    the argument value is returned here.
-   Also, when `ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
+   Also, when 'ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
    each non-option ARGV-element is returned here.  */
 
 extern char *optarg;
 
 /* Index in ARGV of the next element to be scanned.
    This is used for communication to and from the caller
-   and for communication between successive calls to `getopt'.
+   and for communication between successive calls to 'getopt'.
 
-   On entry to `getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.
+   On entry to 'getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.
 
-   When `getopt' returns -1, this is the index of the first of the
+   When 'getopt' returns -1, this is the index of the first of the
    non-option elements that the caller should itself scan.
 
-   Otherwise, `optind' communicates from one call to the next
+   Otherwise, 'optind' communicates from one call to the next
    how much of ARGV has been scanned so far.  */
 
 extern int optind;
 
-/* Callers store zero here to inhibit the error message `getopt' prints
+/* Callers store zero here to inhibit the error message 'getopt' prints
    for unrecognized options.  */
 
 extern int opterr;
@@ -162,24 +162,24 @@ extern int optopt;
 #ifndef __need_getopt
 /* Describe the long-named options requested by the application.
    The LONG_OPTIONS argument to getopt_long or getopt_long_only is a vector
-   of `struct option' terminated by an element containing a name which is
+   of 'struct option' terminated by an element containing a name which is
    zero.
 
-   The field `has_arg' is:
+   The field 'has_arg' is:
    no_argument          (or 0) if the option does not take an argument,
    required_argument    (or 1) if the option requires an argument,
    optional_argument    (or 2) if the option takes an optional argument.
 
-   If the field `flag' is not NULL, it points to a variable that is set
-   to the value given in the field `val' when the option is found, but
+   If the field 'flag' is not NULL, it points to a variable that is set
+   to the value given in the field 'val' when the option is found, but
    left unchanged if the option is not found.
 
-   To have a long-named option do something other than set an `int' to
-   a compiled-in constant, such as set a value from `optarg', set the
-   option's `flag' field to zero and its `val' field to a nonzero
+   To have a long-named option do something other than set an 'int' to
+   a compiled-in constant, such as set a value from 'optarg', set the
+   option's 'flag' field to zero and its 'val' field to a nonzero
    value (the equivalent single-letter option character, if there is
-   one).  For long options that have a zero `flag' field, `getopt'
-   returns the contents of the `val' field.  */
+   one).  For long options that have a zero 'flag' field, 'getopt'
+   returns the contents of the 'val' field.  */
 
 # if !GNULIB_defined_struct_option
 struct option
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ struct option
 #  define GNULIB_defined_struct_option 1
 # endif
 
-/* Names for the values of the `has_arg' field of `struct option'.  */
+/* Names for the values of the 'has_arg' field of 'struct option'.  */
 
 # define no_argument            0
 # define required_argument      1
@@ -208,23 +208,23 @@ struct option
 
    Return the option character from OPTS just read.  Return -1 when
    there are no more options.  For unrecognized options, or options
-   missing arguments, `optopt' is set to the option letter, and '?' is
+   missing arguments, 'optopt' is set to the option letter, and '?' is
    returned.
 
    The OPTS string is a list of characters which are recognized option
    letters, optionally followed by colons, specifying that that letter
-   takes an argument, to be placed in `optarg'.
+   takes an argument, to be placed in 'optarg'.
 
    If a letter in OPTS is followed by two colons, its argument is
-   optional.  This behavior is specific to the GNU `getopt'.
+   optional.  This behavior is specific to the GNU 'getopt'.
 
-   The argument `--' causes premature termination of argument
-   scanning, explicitly telling `getopt' that there are no more
+   The argument '--' causes premature termination of argument
+   scanning, explicitly telling 'getopt' that there are no more
    options.
 
-   If OPTS begins with `-', then non-option arguments are treated as
+   If OPTS begins with '-', then non-option arguments are treated as
    arguments to the option '\1'.  This behavior is specific to the GNU
-   `getopt'.  If OPTS begins with `+', or POSIXLY_CORRECT is set in
+   'getopt'.  If OPTS begins with '+', or POSIXLY_CORRECT is set in
    the environment, then do not permute arguments.  */
 
 extern int getopt (int ___argc, char *const *___argv, const char *__shortopts)
diff --git a/lib/getopt_int.h b/lib/getopt_int.h
index 9f0c713..8722072 100644
--- a/lib/getopt_int.h
+++ b/lib/getopt_int.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ extern int _getopt_internal (int ___argc, char **___argv,
    stop option processing when the first non-option is seen.
    This is what Unix does.
    This mode of operation is selected by either setting the environment
-   variable POSIXLY_CORRECT, or using `+' as the first character
+   variable POSIXLY_CORRECT, or using '+' as the first character
    of the list of option characters, or by calling getopt.
 
    PERMUTE is the default.  We permute the contents of ARGV as we
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ extern int _getopt_internal (int ___argc, char **___argv,
    written to expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order
    and that care about the ordering of the two.  We describe each
    non-option ARGV-element as if it were the argument of an option
-   with character code 1.  Using `-' as the first character of the
+   with character code 1.  Using '-' as the first character of the
    list of option characters selects this mode of operation.
 
-   The special argument `--' forces an end of option-scanning regardless
-   of the value of `ordering'.  In the case of RETURN_IN_ORDER, only
-   `--' can cause `getopt' to return -1 with `optind' != ARGC.  */
+   The special argument '--' forces an end of option-scanning regardless
+   of the value of 'ordering'.  In the case of RETURN_IN_ORDER, only
+   '--' can cause 'getopt' to return -1 with 'optind' != ARGC.  */
 
 enum __ord
   {
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ struct _getopt_data
   /* Handle permutation of arguments.  */
 
   /* Describe the part of ARGV that contains non-options that have
-     been skipped.  `first_nonopt' is the index in ARGV of the first
-     of them; `last_nonopt' is the index after the last of them.  */
+     been skipped.  'first_nonopt' is the index in ARGV of the first
+     of them; 'last_nonopt' is the index after the last of them.  */
 
   int __first_nonopt;
   int __last_nonopt;
diff --git a/lib/getugroups.c b/lib/getugroups.c
index dc8089b..d26f166 100644
--- a/lib/getugroups.c
+++ b/lib/getugroups.c
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ getugroups (int maxcount _GL_UNUSED,
 
 # define STREQ(a, b) (strcmp (a, b) == 0)
 
-/* Like `getgroups', but for user USERNAME instead of for the current
+/* Like 'getgroups', but for user USERNAME instead of for the current
    process.  Store at most MAXCOUNT group IDs in the GROUPLIST array.
    If GID is not -1, store it first (if possible).  GID should be the
    group ID (pw_gid) obtained from getpwuid, in case USERNAME is not
diff --git a/lib/getusershell.c b/lib/getusershell.c
index 3ac7c8d..b9c4431 100644
--- a/lib/getusershell.c
+++ b/lib/getusershell.c
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ static char const* const default_shells[] =
   "/bin/sh", "/bin/csh", "/usr/bin/sh", "/usr/bin/csh", NULL
 };
 
-/* Index of the next shell in `default_shells' to return.
-   0 means we are not using `default_shells'. */
+/* Index of the next shell in 'default_shells' to return.
+   0 means we are not using 'default_shells'. */
 static size_t default_index = 0;
 
 /* Input stream from the shells file. */
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ static FILE *shellstream = NULL;
 /* Line of input from the shells file. */
 static char *line = NULL;
 
-/* Number of bytes allocated for `line'. */
+/* Number of bytes allocated for 'line'. */
 static size_t line_size = 0;
 
 /* Return an entry from the shells file, ignoring comment lines.
diff --git a/lib/glob-libc.h b/lib/glob-libc.h
index ab4bd50..45cfad7 100644
--- a/lib/glob-libc.h
+++ b/lib/glob-libc.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 
 __BEGIN_DECLS
 
-/* We need `size_t' for the following definitions.  */
+/* We need 'size_t' for the following definitions.  */
 #ifndef __size_t
 # if defined __GNUC__ && __GNUC__ >= 2
 typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ __size_t;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_t;
 # define __size_t size_t
 #endif
 
-/* Bits set in the FLAGS argument to `glob'.  */
+/* Bits set in the FLAGS argument to 'glob'.  */
 #define GLOB_ERR        (1 << 0)/* Return on read errors.  */
 #define GLOB_MARK       (1 << 1)/* Append a slash to each name.  */
 #define GLOB_NOSORT     (1 << 2)/* Don't sort the names.  */
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_t;
 #define GLOB_NOCHECK    (1 << 4)/* If nothing matches, return the pattern.  */
 #define GLOB_APPEND     (1 << 5)/* Append to results of a previous call.  */
 #define GLOB_NOESCAPE   (1 << 6)/* Backslashes don't quote metacharacters.  */
-#define GLOB_PERIOD     (1 << 7)/* Leading `.' can be matched by metachars.  */
+#define GLOB_PERIOD     (1 << 7)/* Leading '.' can be matched by metachars.  */
 
 #if !defined __USE_POSIX2 || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_GNU
 # define GLOB_MAGCHAR    (1 << 8)/* Set in gl_flags if any metachars seen.  */
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_t;
                          GLOB_PERIOD)
 #endif
 
-/* Error returns from `glob'.  */
+/* Error returns from 'glob'.  */
 #define GLOB_NOSPACE    1       /* Ran out of memory.  */
 #define GLOB_ABORTED    2       /* Read error.  */
 #define GLOB_NOMATCH    3       /* No matches found.  */
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ typedef struct
   {
     __size_t gl_pathc;          /* Count of paths matched by the pattern.  */
     char **gl_pathv;            /* List of matched pathnames.  */
-    __size_t gl_offs;           /* Slots to reserve in `gl_pathv'.  */
+    __size_t gl_offs;           /* Slots to reserve in 'gl_pathv'.  */
     int gl_flags;               /* Set to FLAGS, maybe | GLOB_MAGCHAR.  */
 
     /* If the GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC flag is set, the following functions
@@ -167,16 +167,16 @@ typedef struct
    The bits defined above may be set in FLAGS.
    If a directory cannot be opened or read and ERRFUNC is not nil,
    it is called with the pathname that caused the error, and the
-   `errno' value from the failing call; if it returns non-zero
-   `glob' returns GLOB_ABEND; if it returns zero, the error is ignored.
+   'errno' value from the failing call; if it returns non-zero
+   'glob' returns GLOB_ABEND; if it returns zero, the error is ignored.
    If memory cannot be allocated for PGLOB, GLOB_NOSPACE is returned.
-   Otherwise, `glob' returns zero.  */
+   Otherwise, 'glob' returns zero.  */
 #if !defined __USE_FILE_OFFSET64 || __GNUC__ < 2 || defined __GLOB_GNULIB
 extern int glob (const char *_Restrict_ __pattern, int __flags,
                  int (*__errfunc) (const char *, int),
                  glob_t *_Restrict_ __pglob) __THROW _GL_ARG_NONNULL ((1, 4));
 
-/* Free storage allocated in PGLOB by a previous `glob' call.  */
+/* Free storage allocated in PGLOB by a previous 'glob' call.  */
 extern void globfree (glob_t *__pglob) __THROW _GL_ARG_NONNULL ((1));
 #else
 extern int __REDIRECT_NTH (glob, (const char *_Restrict_ __pattern,
diff --git a/lib/glob.c b/lib/glob.c
index fddd02d..7091801 100644
--- a/lib/glob.c
+++ b/lib/glob.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /* When used in the GNU libc the symbol _DIRENT_HAVE_D_TYPE is available
-   if the `d_type' member for `struct dirent' is available.
+   if the 'd_type' member for 'struct dirent' is available.
    HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE plays the same role in GNULIB.  */
 #if defined _DIRENT_HAVE_D_TYPE || defined HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_TYPE
 /* True if the directory entry D must be of type T.  */
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 # define DIRENT_MIGHT_BE_DIR(d)         true
 #endif /* HAVE_D_TYPE */
 
-/* If the system has the `struct dirent64' type we use it internally.  */
+/* If the system has the 'struct dirent64' type we use it internally.  */
 #if defined _LIBC && !defined COMPILE_GLOB64
 # if (defined POSIX || defined WINDOWS32) && !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__
 #  define CONVERT_D_INO(d64, d32)
@@ -245,10 +245,10 @@ next_brace_sub (const char *cp, int flags)
    The bits defined above may be set in FLAGS.
    If a directory cannot be opened or read and ERRFUNC is not nil,
    it is called with the pathname that caused the error, and the
-   `errno' value from the failing call; if it returns non-zero
-   `glob' returns GLOB_ABORTED; if it returns zero, the error is ignored.
+   'errno' value from the failing call; if it returns non-zero
+   'glob' returns GLOB_ABORTED; if it returns zero, the error is ignored.
    If memory cannot be allocated for PGLOB, GLOB_NOSPACE is returned.
-   Otherwise, `glob' returns zero.  */
+   Otherwise, 'glob' returns zero.  */
 int
 #ifdef GLOB_ATTRIBUTE
 GLOB_ATTRIBUTE
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ glob (pattern, flags, errfunc, pglob)
     }
 
   if (!(flags & GLOB_DOOFFS))
-    /* Have to do this so `globfree' knows where to start freeing.  It
+    /* Have to do this so 'globfree' knows where to start freeing.  It
        also makes all the code that uses gl_offs simpler. */
     pglob->gl_offs = 0;
 
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ glob (pattern, flags, errfunc, pglob)
   /* Find the filename.  */
   filename = strrchr (pattern, '/');
 #if defined __MSDOS__ || defined WINDOWS32
-  /* The case of "d:pattern".  Since `:' is not allowed in
+  /* The case of "d:pattern".  Since ':' is not allowed in
      file names, we can safely assume that wherever it
      happens in pattern, it signals the filename part.  This
      is so we could some day support patterns like "[a-z]:foo".  */
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ glob (pattern, flags, errfunc, pglob)
              prevent infinite recursion in glob.  */
           if (__glob_pattern_p (drive_spec, !(flags & GLOB_NOESCAPE)))
             return GLOB_NOMATCH;
-          /* If this is "d:pattern", we need to copy `:' to DIRNAME
+          /* If this is "d:pattern", we need to copy ':' to DIRNAME
              as well.  If it's "d:/pattern", don't remove the slash
              from "d:/", since "d:" and "d:/" are not the same.*/
         }
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ glob (pattern, flags, errfunc, pglob)
               size_t buflen = GET_LOGIN_NAME_MAX () + 1;
 
               if (buflen == 0)
-                /* `sysconf' does not support _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX.  Try
+                /* 'sysconf' does not support _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX.  Try
                    a moderate value.  */
                 buflen = 20;
               name = __alloca (buflen);
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ glob (pattern, flags, errfunc, pglob)
 
 #    ifndef _LIBC
                   if (pwbuflen == -1)
-                    /* `sysconf' does not support _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX.
+                    /* 'sysconf' does not support _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX.
                        Try a moderate value.  */
                     pwbuflen = 1024;
 #    endif
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ glob (pattern, flags, errfunc, pglob)
 
 #   ifndef _LIBC
             if (buflen == -1)
-              /* `sysconf' does not support _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX.  Try a
+              /* 'sysconf' does not support _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX.  Try a
                  moderate value.  */
               buflen = 1024;
 #   endif
@@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ glob (pattern, flags, errfunc, pglob)
 
       flags |= GLOB_MAGCHAR;
 
-      /* We have ignored the GLOB_NOCHECK flag in the `glob_in_dir' calls.
+      /* We have ignored the GLOB_NOCHECK flag in the 'glob_in_dir' calls.
          But if we have not found any matching entry and the GLOB_NOCHECK
          flag was set we must return the input pattern itself.  */
       if (pglob->gl_pathc + pglob->gl_offs == oldcount)
@@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@ libc_hidden_def (glob)
 
 #if !defined _LIBC || !defined GLOB_ONLY_P
 
-/* Free storage allocated in PGLOB by a previous `glob' call.  */
+/* Free storage allocated in PGLOB by a previous 'glob' call.  */
 void
 globfree (pglob)
      register glob_t *pglob;
@@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@ prefix_array (const char *dirname, char **array, size_t n)
         --dirlen;
       else if (dirname[dirlen - 1] == ':')
         {
-          /* DIRNAME is "d:".  Use `:' instead of `/'.  */
+          /* DIRNAME is "d:".  Use ':' instead of '/'.  */
           --dirlen;
           sep_char = ':';
         }
@@ -1292,7 +1292,7 @@ link_exists_p (int dfd, const char *dir, size_t dirlen, 
const char *fname,
 #endif
 
 
-/* Like `glob', but PATTERN is a final pathname component,
+/* Like 'glob', but PATTERN is a final pathname component,
    and matches are searched for in DIRECTORY.
    The GLOB_NOSORT bit in FLAGS is ignored.  No sorting is ever done.
    The GLOB_APPEND flag is assumed to be set (always appends).  */
diff --git a/lib/hash.c b/lib/hash.c
index 0ee32d0..e049943 100644
--- a/lib/hash.c
+++ b/lib/hash.c
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ struct hash_table
     /* Tuning arguments, kept in a physically separate structure.  */
     const Hash_tuning *tuning;
 
-    /* Three functions are given to `hash_initialize', see the documentation
+    /* Three functions are given to 'hash_initialize', see the documentation
        block for this function.  In a word, HASHER randomizes a user entry
        into a number up from 0 up to some maximum minus 1; COMPARATOR returns
        true if two user entries compare equally; and DATA_FREER is the cleanup
@@ -87,23 +87,23 @@ struct hash_table
    some user-provided data (also called a user entry).  An entry indistinctly
    refers to both the internal entry and its associated user entry.  A user
    entry contents may be hashed by a randomization function (the hashing
-   function, or just `hasher' for short) into a number (or `slot') between 0
+   function, or just "hasher" for short) into a number (or "slot") between 0
    and the current table size.  At each slot position in the hash table,
    starts a linked chain of entries for which the user data all hash to this
    slot.  A bucket is the collection of all entries hashing to the same slot.
 
-   A good `hasher' function will distribute entries rather evenly in buckets.
+   A good "hasher" function will distribute entries rather evenly in buckets.
    In the ideal case, the length of each bucket is roughly the number of
    entries divided by the table size.  Finding the slot for a data is usually
-   done in constant time by the `hasher', and the later finding of a precise
+   done in constant time by the "hasher", and the later finding of a precise
    entry is linear in time with the size of the bucket.  Consequently, a
    larger hash table size (that is, a larger number of buckets) is prone to
-   yielding shorter chains, *given* the `hasher' function behaves properly.
+   yielding shorter chains, *given* the "hasher" function behaves properly.
 
    Long buckets slow down the lookup algorithm.  One might use big hash table
    sizes in hope to reduce the average length of buckets, but this might
    become inordinate, as unused slots in the hash table take some space.  The
-   best bet is to make sure you are using a good `hasher' function (beware
+   best bet is to make sure you are using a good "hasher" function (beware
    that those are not that easy to write! :-), and to use a table size
    larger than the actual number of entries.  */
 
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ hash_get_first (const Hash_table *table)
 }
 
 /* Return the user data for the entry following ENTRY, where ENTRY has been
-   returned by a previous call to either `hash_get_first' or `hash_get_next'.
+   returned by a previous call to either 'hash_get_first' or 'hash_get_next'.
    Return NULL if there are no more entries.  */
 
 void *
@@ -419,9 +419,9 @@ hash_string (const char *string, size_t n_buckets)
 
 #else /* not USE_DIFF_HASH */
 
-/* This one comes from `recode', and performs a bit better than the above as
+/* This one comes from 'recode', and performs a bit better than the above as
    per a few experiments.  It is inspired from a hashing routine found in the
-   very old Cyber `snoop', itself written in typical Greg Mansfield style.
+   very old Cyber 'snoop', itself written in typical Greg Mansfield style.
    (By the way, what happened to this excellent man?  Is he still alive?)  */
 
 size_t
@@ -584,9 +584,9 @@ compute_bucket_size (size_t candidate, const Hash_tuning 
*tuning)
 
    The user-supplied DATA_FREER function, when not NULL, may be later called
    with the user data as an argument, just before the entry containing the
-   data gets freed.  This happens from within `hash_free' or `hash_clear'.
+   data gets freed.  This happens from within 'hash_free' or 'hash_clear'.
    You should specify this function only if you want these functions to free
-   all of your `data' data.  This is typically the case when your data is
+   all of your 'data' data.  This is typically the case when your data is
    simply an auxiliary struct that you have malloc'd to aggregate several
    values.  */
 
diff --git a/lib/hash.h b/lib/hash.h
index 541abc4..4ca7df3 100644
--- a/lib/hash.h
+++ b/lib/hash.h
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /* A generic hash table package.  */
 
 /* Make sure USE_OBSTACK is defined to 1 if you want the allocator to use
-   obstacks instead of malloc, and recompile `hash.c' with same setting.  */
+   obstacks instead of malloc, and recompile 'hash.c' with same setting.  */
 
 #ifndef HASH_H_
 # define HASH_H_
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ typedef bool (*Hash_processor) (void *, void *);
 
 struct hash_tuning
   {
-    /* This structure is mainly used for `hash_initialize', see the block
-       documentation of `hash_reset_tuning' for more complete comments.  */
+    /* This structure is mainly used for 'hash_initialize', see the block
+       documentation of 'hash_reset_tuning' for more complete comments.  */
 
     float shrink_threshold;     /* ratio of used buckets to trigger a shrink */
     float shrink_factor;        /* ratio of new smaller size to original size 
*/
diff --git a/lib/human.c b/lib/human.c
index 4c261da..5d110a5 100644
--- a/lib/human.c
+++ b/lib/human.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ adjust_value (int inexact_style, long double value)
    each byte inserted.  Return the starting address of the modified
    number.
 
-   To group the digits, use GROUPING and THOUSANDS_SEP as in `struct
+   To group the digits, use GROUPING and THOUSANDS_SEP as in 'struct
    lconv' from <locale.h>.  */
 
 static char *
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ group_number (char *number, size_t numberlen,
    that cannot be expressed exactly.
 
    If (OPTS & human_group_digits), group the thousands digits
-   according to the locale, e.g., `1,000,000' in an American English
+   according to the locale, e.g., "1,000,000" in an American English
    locale.
 
    If (OPTS & human_autoscale), deduce the output block size
diff --git a/lib/human.h b/lib/human.h
index fb8a089..910a303 100644
--- a/lib/human.h
+++ b/lib/human.h
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ enum
   /* Round to minus infinity.  */
   human_floor = 2,
 
-  /* Group digits together, e.g. `1,000,000'.  This uses the
+  /* Group digits together, e.g. "1,000,000".  This uses the
      locale-defined grouping; the traditional C locale does not group,
      so this has effect only if some other locale is in use.  */
   human_group_digits = 4,
diff --git a/lib/inet_ntop.c b/lib/inet_ntop.c
index 6b80174..d65e759 100644
--- a/lib/inet_ntop.c
+++ b/lib/inet_ntop.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static const char *inet_ntop6 (const unsigned char *src, char 
*dst, socklen_t si
  * inet_ntop(af, src, dst, size)
  *      convert a network format address to presentation format.
  * return:
- *      pointer to presentation format address (`dst'), or NULL (see errno).
+ *      pointer to presentation format address ('dst'), or NULL (see errno).
  * author:
  *      Paul Vixie, 1996.
  */
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ inet_ntop (int af, const void *restrict src,
  * inet_ntop4(src, dst, size)
  *      format an IPv4 address
  * return:
- *      `dst' (as a const)
+ *      'dst' (as a const)
  * notes:
  *      (1) uses no statics
  *      (2) takes a u_char* not an in_addr as input
diff --git a/lib/inet_pton.c b/lib/inet_pton.c
index cb1a872..35e2240 100644
--- a/lib/inet_pton.c
+++ b/lib/inet_pton.c
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ static int inet_pton6 (const char *src, unsigned char *dst);
  *      to network format (which is usually some kind of binary format).
  * return:
  *      1 if the address was valid for the specified address family
- *      0 if the address wasn't valid (`dst' is untouched in this case)
- *      -1 if some other error occurred (`dst' is untouched in this case, too)
+ *      0 if the address wasn't valid ('dst' is untouched in this case)
+ *      -1 if some other error occurred ('dst' is untouched in this case, too)
  * author:
  *      Paul Vixie, 1996.
  */
@@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ inet_pton (int af, const char *restrict src, void *restrict 
dst)
  *      like inet_aton() but without all the hexadecimal, octal (with the
  *      exception of 0) and shorthand.
  * return:
- *      1 if `src' is a valid dotted quad, else 0.
+ *      1 if 'src' is a valid dotted quad, else 0.
  * notice:
- *      does not touch `dst' unless it's returning 1.
+ *      does not touch 'dst' unless it's returning 1.
  * author:
  *      Paul Vixie, 1996.
  */
@@ -159,9 +159,9 @@ inet_pton4 (const char *restrict src, unsigned char 
*restrict dst)
  * inet_pton6(src, dst)
  *      convert presentation level address to network order binary form.
  * return:
- *      1 if `src' is a valid [RFC1884 2.2] address, else 0.
+ *      1 if 'src' is a valid [RFC1884 2.2] address, else 0.
  * notice:
- *      (1) does not touch `dst' unless it's returning 1.
+ *      (1) does not touch 'dst' unless it's returning 1.
  *      (2) :: in a full address is silently ignored.
  * credit:
  *      inspired by Mark Andrews.
diff --git a/lib/linebuffer.h b/lib/linebuffer.h
index 4050fb0..30fe25b 100644
--- a/lib/linebuffer.h
+++ b/lib/linebuffer.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 # include <stdio.h>
 
-/* A `struct linebuffer' holds a line of text. */
+/* A 'struct linebuffer' holds a line of text. */
 
 struct linebuffer
 {
diff --git a/lib/long-options.c b/lib/long-options.c
index 0b86276..ad92666 100644
--- a/lib/long-options.c
+++ b/lib/long-options.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ static struct option const long_options[] =
 };
 
 /* Process long options --help and --version, but only if argc == 2.
-   Be careful not to gobble up `--'.  */
+   Be careful not to gobble up "--".  */
 
 void
 parse_long_options (int argc,
diff --git a/lib/lstat.c b/lib/lstat.c
index d786288..7a5cd0d 100644
--- a/lib/lstat.c
+++ b/lib/lstat.c
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ orig_lstat (const char *filename, struct stat *buf)
 # include <errno.h>
 
 /* lstat works differently on Linux and Solaris systems.  POSIX (see
-   `pathname resolution' in the glossary) requires that programs like
-   `ls' take into consideration the fact that FILE has a trailing slash
+   "pathname resolution" in the glossary) requires that programs like
+   'ls' take into consideration the fact that FILE has a trailing slash
    when FILE is a symbolic link.  On Linux and Solaris 10 systems, the
    lstat function already has the desired semantics (in treating
-   `lstat ("symlink/", sbuf)' just like `lstat ("symlink/.", sbuf)',
+   'lstat ("symlink/", sbuf)' just like 'lstat ("symlink/.", sbuf)',
    but on Solaris 9 and earlier it does not.
 
    If FILE has a trailing slash and specifies a symbolic link,
diff --git a/lib/md5.h b/lib/md5.h
index 8b06466..2c07417 100644
--- a/lib/md5.h
+++ b/lib/md5.h
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ struct md5_ctx
 
 /*
  * The following three functions are build up the low level used in
- * the functions `md5_stream' and `md5_buffer'.
+ * the functions 'md5_stream' and 'md5_buffer'.
  */
 
 /* Initialize structure containing state of computation.
diff --git a/lib/memcmp.c b/lib/memcmp.c
index 72fb81d..d3b6d82 100644
--- a/lib/memcmp.c
+++ b/lib/memcmp.c
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ memcmp_bytes (op_t a, op_t b)
 }
 #endif
 
-/* memcmp_common_alignment -- Compare blocks at SRCP1 and SRCP2 with LEN `op_t'
+/* memcmp_common_alignment -- Compare blocks at SRCP1 and SRCP2 with LEN 'op_t'
    objects (not LEN bytes!).  Both SRCP1 and SRCP2 should be aligned for
-   memory operations on `op_t's.  */
+   memory operations on 'op_t's.  */
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 __inline
 #endif
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ memcmp_common_alignment (uintptr_t srcp1, uintptr_t srcp2, 
size_t len)
 }
 
 /* memcmp_not_common_alignment -- Compare blocks at SRCP1 and SRCP2 with LEN
-   `op_t' objects (not LEN bytes!).  SRCP2 should be aligned for memory
-   operations on `op_t', but SRCP1 *should be unaligned*.  */
+   'op_t' objects (not LEN bytes!).  SRCP2 should be aligned for memory
+   operations on 'op_t', but SRCP1 *should be unaligned*.  */
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 __inline
 #endif
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ memcmp_not_common_alignment (uintptr_t srcp1, uintptr_t 
srcp2, size_t len)
   shl = 8 * (srcp1 % OPSIZ);
   shr = 8 * OPSIZ - shl;
 
-  /* Make SRCP1 aligned by rounding it down to the beginning of the `op_t'
+  /* Make SRCP1 aligned by rounding it down to the beginning of the 'op_t'
      it points in the middle of.  */
   srcp1 &= -OPSIZ;
 
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ rpl_memcmp (const void *s1, const void *s2, size_t len)
           len -= 1;
         }
 
-      /* SRCP2 is now aligned for memory operations on `op_t'.
+      /* SRCP2 is now aligned for memory operations on 'op_t'.
          SRCP1 alignment determines if we can do a simple,
          aligned compare or need to shuffle bits.  */
 
diff --git a/lib/mktime.c b/lib/mktime.c
index cba2b8b..f4689ce 100644
--- a/lib/mktime.c
+++ b/lib/mktime.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* Convert a `struct tm' to a time_t value.
+/* Convert a 'struct tm' to a time_t value.
    Copyright (C) 1993-1999, 2002-2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    This file is part of the GNU C Library.
    Contributed by Paul Eggert <address@hidden>.
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /* Assume that leap seconds are possible, unless told otherwise.
-   If the host has a `zic' command with a `-L leapsecondfilename' option,
+   If the host has a 'zic' command with a '-L leapsecondfilename' option,
    then it supports leap seconds; otherwise it probably doesn't.  */
 #ifndef LEAP_SECONDS_POSSIBLE
 # define LEAP_SECONDS_POSSIBLE 1
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ mktime (struct tm *tp)
 {
 #ifdef _LIBC
   /* POSIX.1 8.1.1 requires that whenever mktime() is called, the
-     time zone names contained in the external variable `tzname' shall
+     time zone names contained in the external variable 'tzname' shall
      be set as if the tzset() function had been called.  */
   __tzset ();
 #endif
diff --git a/lib/modechange.c b/lib/modechange.c
index 580a460..ff807e3 100644
--- a/lib/modechange.c
+++ b/lib/modechange.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 /* Written by David MacKenzie <address@hidden> */
 
-/* The ASCII mode string is compiled into an array of `struct
+/* The ASCII mode string is compiled into an array of 'struct
    modechange', which can then be applied to each file to be changed.
    We do this instead of re-parsing the ASCII string for each file
    because the compiled form requires less computation to use; when
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ enum
 
     /* Instead of the typical case, copy some existing permissions for
        u, g, or o onto the other two.  Which of u, g, or o is copied
-       is determined by which bits are set in the `value' field.  */
+       is determined by which bits are set in the 'value' field.  */
     MODE_COPY_EXISTING
   };
 
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ struct mode_change
   mode_t mentioned;             /* Bits explicitly mentioned.  */
 };
 
-/* Return a mode_change array with the specified `=ddd'-style
-   mode change operation, where NEW_MODE is `ddd' and MENTIONED
+/* Return a mode_change array with the specified "=ddd"-style
+   mode change operation, where NEW_MODE is "ddd" and MENTIONED
    contains the bits explicitly mentioned in the mode are MENTIONED.  */
 
 static struct mode_change *
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ make_node_op_equals (mode_t new_mode, mode_t mentioned)
    the form:
    [ugoa...][[+-=][rwxXstugo...]...][,...]
 
-   Return NULL if `mode_string' does not contain a valid
+   Return NULL if 'mode_string' does not contain a valid
    representation of file mode change operations.  */
 
 struct mode_change *
@@ -168,13 +168,13 @@ mode_compile (char const *mode_string)
     mc = xnmalloc (needed, sizeof *mc);
   }
 
-  /* One loop iteration for each `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+'.  */
+  /* One loop iteration for each '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+'.  */
   for (;; mode_string++)
     {
       /* Which bits in the mode are operated on.  */
       mode_t affected = 0;
 
-      /* Turn on all the bits in `affected' for each group given.  */
+      /* Turn on all the bits in 'affected' for each group given.  */
       for (;; mode_string++)
         switch (*mode_string)
           {
@@ -207,17 +207,17 @@ mode_compile (char const *mode_string)
           switch (*mode_string++)
             {
             case 'u':
-              /* Set the affected bits to the value of the `u' bits
+              /* Set the affected bits to the value of the "u" bits
                  on the same file.  */
               value = S_IRWXU;
               break;
             case 'g':
-              /* Set the affected bits to the value of the `g' bits
+              /* Set the affected bits to the value of the "g" bits
                  on the same file.  */
               value = S_IRWXG;
               break;
             case 'o':
-              /* Set the affected bits to the value of the `o' bits
+              /* Set the affected bits to the value of the "o" bits
                  on the same file.  */
               value = S_IRWXO;
               break;
@@ -242,11 +242,11 @@ mode_compile (char const *mode_string)
                     flag = MODE_X_IF_ANY_X;
                     break;
                   case 's':
-                    /* Set the setuid/gid bits if `u' or `g' is selected.  */
+                    /* Set the setuid/gid bits if 'u' or 'g' is selected.  */
                     value |= S_ISUID | S_ISGID;
                     break;
                   case 't':
-                    /* Set the "save text image" bit if `o' is selected.  */
+                    /* Set the "save text image" bit if 'o' is selected.  */
                     value |= S_ISVTX;
                     break;
                   default:
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ mode_adjust (mode_t oldmode, bool dir, mode_t umask_value,
           break;
 
         case MODE_COPY_EXISTING:
-          /* Isolate in `value' the bits in `newmode' to copy.  */
+          /* Isolate in 'value' the bits in 'newmode' to copy.  */
           value &= newmode;
 
           /* Copy the isolated bits to the other two parts.  */
diff --git a/lib/mountlist.c b/lib/mountlist.c
index 23437bc..4261ecf 100644
--- a/lib/mountlist.c
+++ b/lib/mountlist.c
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
 #ifdef __CYGWIN__
 # include <windows.h>
 # define ME_REMOTE me_remote
-/* All cygwin mount points include `:' or start with `//'; so it
+/* All cygwin mount points include ':' or start with '//'; so it
    requires a native Windows call to determine remote disks.  */
 static bool
 me_remote (char const *fs_name, char const *fs_type _GL_UNUSED)
@@ -187,8 +187,8 @@ me_remote (char const *fs_name, char const *fs_type 
_GL_UNUSED)
 #endif
 
 #ifndef ME_REMOTE
-/* A file system is `remote' if its Fs_name contains a `:'
-   or if (it is of type (smbfs or cifs) and its Fs_name starts with `//').  */
+/* A file system is "remote" if its Fs_name contains a ':'
+   or if (it is of type (smbfs or cifs) and its Fs_name starts with '//').  */
 # define ME_REMOTE(Fs_name, Fs_type)            \
     (strchr (Fs_name, ':') != NULL              \
      || ((Fs_name)[0] == '/'                    \
diff --git a/lib/msvc-inval.h b/lib/msvc-inval.h
index 5ebc29f..e941b91 100644
--- a/lib/msvc-inval.h
+++ b/lib/msvc-inval.h
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ extern struct gl_msvc_inval_per_thread 
*gl_msvc_inval_current (void);
    or when SANE_LIBRARY_HANDLING is desired.  */
 
 /* The braces here avoid GCC warnings like
-   "warning: suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous `else'".  */
+   "warning: suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous 'else'".  */
 # define TRY_MSVC_INVAL \
     do                                                                         
\
       {                                                                        
\
diff --git a/lib/netdb.in.h b/lib/netdb.in.h
index 1de1546..6ae60dc 100644
--- a/lib/netdb.in.h
+++ b/lib/netdb.in.h
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ struct addrinfo
 
 # endif
 
-/* Possible values for `ai_flags' field in `addrinfo' structure.  */
+/* Possible values for 'ai_flags' field in 'addrinfo' structure.  */
 # ifndef AI_PASSIVE
-#  define AI_PASSIVE    0x0001  /* Socket address is intended for `bind'.  */
+#  define AI_PASSIVE    0x0001  /* Socket address is intended for 'bind'.  */
 # endif
 # ifndef AI_CANONNAME
 #  define AI_CANONNAME  0x0002  /* Request for canonical name.  */
@@ -111,16 +111,16 @@ struct addrinfo
                                       returned address type.  */
 # endif
 
-/* Error values for `getaddrinfo' function.  */
+/* Error values for 'getaddrinfo' function.  */
 # ifndef EAI_BADFLAGS
-#  define EAI_BADFLAGS    -1    /* Invalid value for `ai_flags' field.  */
+#  define EAI_BADFLAGS    -1    /* Invalid value for 'ai_flags' field.  */
 #  define EAI_NONAME      -2    /* NAME or SERVICE is unknown.  */
 #  define EAI_AGAIN       -3    /* Temporary failure in name resolution.  */
 #  define EAI_FAIL        -4    /* Non-recoverable failure in name res.  */
 #  define EAI_NODATA      -5    /* No address associated with NAME.  */
-#  define EAI_FAMILY      -6    /* `ai_family' not supported.  */
-#  define EAI_SOCKTYPE    -7    /* `ai_socktype' not supported.  */
-#  define EAI_SERVICE     -8    /* SERVICE not supported for `ai_socktype'.  */
+#  define EAI_FAMILY      -6    /* 'ai_family' not supported.  */
+#  define EAI_SOCKTYPE    -7    /* 'ai_socktype' not supported.  */
+#  define EAI_SERVICE     -8    /* SERVICE not supported for 'ai_socktype'.  */
 #  define EAI_MEMORY      -10   /* Memory allocation failure.  */
 # endif
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ struct addrinfo
 # endif
 # ifndef EAI_SYSTEM
 /* Not defined on mingw32. */
-#  define EAI_SYSTEM      -11   /* System error returned in `errno'.  */
+#  define EAI_SYSTEM      -11   /* System error returned in 'errno'.  */
 # endif
 
 # if 0
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ _GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (getaddrinfo, int,
 _GL_CXXALIASWARN (getaddrinfo);
 
 # if address@hidden@
-/* Free `addrinfo' structure AI including associated storage.
+/* Free 'addrinfo' structure AI including associated storage.
    For more details, see the POSIX:2001 specification
    <http://www.opengroup.org/susv3xsh/getaddrinfo.html>.  */
 _GL_FUNCDECL_SYS (freeaddrinfo, void, (struct addrinfo *ai)
diff --git a/lib/obstack.c b/lib/obstack.c
index 47492cc..b1f9076 100644
--- a/lib/obstack.c
+++ b/lib/obstack.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
    C Library, but also included in many other GNU distributions.  Compiling
    and linking in this code is a waste when using the GNU C library
    (especially if it is a shared library).  Rather than having every GNU
-   program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object
+   program understand 'configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object
    files, it is simpler to just do this in the source for each such file.  */
 
 #include <stdio.h>              /* Random thing to get __GNU_LIBRARY__.  */
@@ -74,23 +74,23 @@ enum
 
 /* When we copy a long block of data, this is the unit to do it with.
    On some machines, copying successive ints does not work;
-   in such a case, redefine COPYING_UNIT to `long' (if that works)
-   or `char' as a last resort.  */
+   in such a case, redefine COPYING_UNIT to 'long' (if that works)
+   or 'char' as a last resort.  */
 # ifndef COPYING_UNIT
 #  define COPYING_UNIT int
 # endif
 
 
-/* The functions allocating more room by calling `obstack_chunk_alloc'
-   jump to the handler pointed to by `obstack_alloc_failed_handler'.
+/* The functions allocating more room by calling 'obstack_chunk_alloc'
+   jump to the handler pointed to by 'obstack_alloc_failed_handler'.
    This can be set to a user defined function which should either
    abort gracefully or use longjump - but shouldn't return.  This
    variable by default points to the internal function
-   `print_and_abort'.  */
+   'print_and_abort'.  */
 static _Noreturn void print_and_abort (void);
 void (*obstack_alloc_failed_handler) (void) = print_and_abort;
 
-/* Exit value used when `print_and_abort' is used.  */
+/* Exit value used when 'print_and_abort' is used.  */
 # include <stdlib.h>
 # ifdef _LIBC
 int obstack_exit_failure = EXIT_FAILURE;
diff --git a/lib/obstack.h b/lib/obstack.h
index 8a8d44b..911f761 100644
--- a/lib/obstack.h
+++ b/lib/obstack.h
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ stack" is typically an immature growing object, while the 
rest of the
 stack is of mature, fixed size and fixed address objects.
 
 These routines grab large chunks of memory, using a function you
-supply, called `obstack_chunk_alloc'.  On occasion, they free chunks,
-by calling `obstack_chunk_free'.  You must define them and declare
+supply, called 'obstack_chunk_alloc'.  On occasion, they free chunks,
+by calling 'obstack_chunk_free'.  You must define them and declare
 them before using any obstack macros.
 
-Each independent stack is represented by a `struct obstack'.
+Each independent stack is represented by a 'struct obstack'.
 Each of the obstack macros expects a pointer to such a structure
 as the first argument.
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ Summary:
         Exactly one object is growing in an obstack at any one time.
         You can run one obstack per control block.
         You may have as many control blocks as you dare.
-        Because of the way we do it, you can `unwind' an obstack
+        Because of the way we do it, you can "unwind" an obstack
           back to a previous state. (You may remove objects much
           as you would with a stack.)
 */
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ struct obstack          /* control current object in 
current chunk */
     void *tempptr;
   } temp;                       /* Temporary for some macros.  */
   int   alignment_mask;         /* Mask of alignment for each object. */
-  /* These prototypes vary based on `use_extra_arg', and we use
+  /* These prototypes vary based on 'use_extra_arg', and we use
      casts to the prototypeless function type in all assignments,
      but having prototypes here quiets -Wstrict-prototypes.  */
   struct _obstack_chunk *(*chunkfun) (void *, long);
@@ -193,13 +193,13 @@ extern int _obstack_memory_used (struct obstack *);
 extern void __obstack_free (struct obstack *obstack, void *block);
 
 
-/* Error handler called when `obstack_chunk_alloc' failed to allocate
+/* Error handler called when 'obstack_chunk_alloc' failed to allocate
    more memory.  This can be set to a user defined function which
    should either abort gracefully or use longjump - but shouldn't
    return.  The default action is to print a message and abort.  */
 extern void (*obstack_alloc_failed_handler) (void);
 
-/* Exit value used when `print_and_abort' is used.  */
+/* Exit value used when 'print_and_abort' is used.  */
 extern int obstack_exit_failure;
 
 /* Pointer to beginning of object being allocated or to be allocated next.
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ extern int obstack_exit_failure;
 /* For GNU C, if not -traditional,
    we can define these macros to compute all args only once
    without using a global variable.
-   Also, we can avoid using the `temp' slot, to make faster code.  */
+   Also, we can avoid using the 'temp' slot, to make faster code.  */
 
 # define obstack_object_size(OBSTACK)                                   \
   __extension__                                                         \
diff --git a/lib/openat.c b/lib/openat.c
index 354ff80..2c71773 100644
--- a/lib/openat.c
+++ b/lib/openat.c
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ openat (int fd, char const *file, int flags, ...)
    directory argument.
 
    If a previous attempt to restore the current working directory
-   failed, then we must not even try to access a `.'-relative name.
+   failed, then we must not even try to access a '.'-relative name.
    It is the caller's responsibility not to call this function
    in that case.  */
 
diff --git a/lib/parse-datetime.y b/lib/parse-datetime.y
index 5621adc..0510a1b 100644
--- a/lib/parse-datetime.y
+++ b/lib/parse-datetime.y
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
    - It's typically faster.
    POSIX says that only '0' through '9' are digits.  Prefer ISDIGIT to
    isdigit unless it's important to use the locale's definition
-   of `digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
+   of "digit" even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
 #define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned int) (c) - '0' <= 9)
 
 /* Shift A right by B bits portably, by dividing A by 2**B and
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ static table const universal_time_zone_table[] =
    zone abbreviations are ambiguous; e.g. Australians interpret "EST"
    as Eastern time in Australia, not as US Eastern Standard Time.
    You cannot rely on parse_datetime to handle arbitrary time zone
-   abbreviations; use numeric abbreviations like `-0500' instead.  */
+   abbreviations; use numeric abbreviations like "-0500" instead.  */
 static table const time_zone_table[] =
 {
   { "WET",      tZONE,     HOUR ( 0) }, /* Western European */
diff --git a/lib/posixtm.c b/lib/posixtm.c
index 16e333f..2b402cd 100644
--- a/lib/posixtm.c
+++ b/lib/posixtm.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
    - It's typically faster.
    POSIX says that only '0' through '9' are digits.  Prefer ISDIGIT to
    isdigit unless it's important to use the locale's definition
-   of `digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
+   of "digit" even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
 #define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned int) (c) - '0' <= 9)
 
 /*
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ posix_time_parse (struct tm *tm, const char *s, unsigned 
int syntax_bits)
       len = 4;
     }
 
-  /* Handle 8 digits worth of `MMDDhhmm'.  */
+  /* Handle 8 digits worth of 'MMDDhhmm'.  */
   tm->tm_mon = *p++ - 1;
   tm->tm_mday = *p++;
   tm->tm_hour = *p++;
diff --git a/lib/pt_chown.c b/lib/pt_chown.c
index ccc04fd..edf042b 100644
--- a/lib/pt_chown.c
+++ b/lib/pt_chown.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* pt_chown - helper program for `grantpt'.
+/* pt_chown - helper program for 'grantpt'.
    Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Contributed by C. Scott Ananian <address@hidden>, 1998.
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ do_pt_chown (void)
   if (stat (pty, &st) < 0 || !S_ISCHR (st.st_mode))
     return FAIL_EINVAL;
 
-  /* Get the group ID of the special `tty' group.  */
+  /* Get the group ID of the special 'tty' group.  */
   p = getgrnam (TTY_GROUP);
   gid = p ? p->gr_gid : getgid ();
 
diff --git a/lib/ptsname.c b/lib/ptsname.c
index 102a65c..6a6d0d0 100644
--- a/lib/ptsname.c
+++ b/lib/ptsname.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
-/* Static buffer for `ptsname'.  */
+/* Static buffer for 'ptsname'.  */
 static char buffer[64];
 
 
diff --git a/lib/pty-private.h b/lib/pty-private.h
index dcd94d7..dcfc4cb 100644
--- a/lib/pty-private.h
+++ b/lib/pty-private.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 /* The file descriptor connected to the master pseudo terminal.  */
 #define PTY_FILENO 3
 
-/* Path to the helper program that implements `grantpt' in user space.  */
+/* Path to the helper program that implements 'grantpt' in user space.  */
 #define _PATH_PT_CHOWN PKGLIBEXECDIR "/pt_chown"
 
 /* Test whether given TTY is really a Unix98 pseudo terminal.  */
diff --git a/lib/putenv.c b/lib/putenv.c
index 2da3376..3277a10 100644
--- a/lib/putenv.c
+++ b/lib/putenv.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ extern char **environ;
 #endif
 
 #if _LIBC
-/* This lock protects against simultaneous modifications of `environ'.  */
+/* This lock protects against simultaneous modifications of 'environ'.  */
 # include <bits/libc-lock.h>
 __libc_lock_define_initialized (static, envlock)
 # define LOCK   __libc_lock_lock (envlock)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ _unsetenv (const char *name)
 
 
 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
-   If STRING contains no `=', then remove STRING from the environment.  */
+   If STRING contains no '=', then remove STRING from the environment.  */
 int
 putenv (char *string)
 {
diff --git a/lib/quotearg.c b/lib/quotearg.c
index 03fbfe7..fe94b31 100644
--- a/lib/quotearg.c
+++ b/lib/quotearg.c
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ quotearg_n_options (int n, char const *arg, size_t argsize,
 
   if (nslots <= n0)
     {
-      /* FIXME: technically, the type of n1 should be `unsigned int',
+      /* FIXME: technically, the type of n1 should be 'unsigned int',
          but that evokes an unsuppressible warning from gcc-4.0.1 and
          older.  If gcc ever provides an option to suppress that warning,
          revert to the original type, so that the test in xalloc_oversized
diff --git a/lib/random_r.c b/lib/random_r.c
index 288a72c..91e3902 100644
--- a/lib/random_r.c
+++ b/lib/random_r.c
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
       without specific prior written permission.
 
-   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
diff --git a/lib/readtokens.c b/lib/readtokens.c
index 672bc8f..c658204 100644
--- a/lib/readtokens.c
+++ b/lib/readtokens.c
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ readtoken (FILE *stream,
    All storage is obtained through calls to xmalloc-like functions.
 
    %%% Question: is it worth it to do a single
-   %%% realloc() of `tokens' just before returning? */
+   %%% realloc() of 'tokens' just before returning? */
 
 size_t
 readtokens (FILE *stream,
diff --git a/lib/regcomp.c b/lib/regcomp.c
index 81c5d4a..4c8ea9d 100644
--- a/lib/regcomp.c
+++ b/lib/regcomp.c
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ static const size_t __re_error_msgid_idx[] =
    compiles PATTERN (of length LENGTH) and puts the result in BUFP.
    Returns 0 if the pattern was valid, otherwise an error string.
 
-   Assumes the `allocated' (and perhaps `buffer') and `translate' fields
+   Assumes the 'allocated' (and perhaps 'buffer') and 'translate' fields
    are set in BUFP on entry.  */
 
 #ifdef _LIBC
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ re_compile_pattern (const char *pattern, size_t length,
 weak_alias (__re_compile_pattern, re_compile_pattern)
 #endif
 
-/* Set by `re_set_syntax' to the current regexp syntax to recognize.  Can
+/* Set by 're_set_syntax' to the current regexp syntax to recognize.  Can
    also be assigned to arbitrarily: each pattern buffer stores its own
    syntax, so it can be changed between regex compilations.  */
 /* This has no initializer because initialized variables in Emacs
@@ -439,15 +439,15 @@ re_compile_fastmap_iter (regex_t *bufp, const 
re_dfastate_t *init_state,
    PREG is a regex_t *.  We do not expect any fields to be initialized,
    since POSIX says we shouldn't.  Thus, we set
 
-     `buffer' to the compiled pattern;
-     `used' to the length of the compiled pattern;
-     `syntax' to RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED if the
+     'buffer' to the compiled pattern;
+     'used' to the length of the compiled pattern;
+     'syntax' to RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED if the
        REG_EXTENDED bit in CFLAGS is set; otherwise, to
        RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC;
-     `newline_anchor' to REG_NEWLINE being set in CFLAGS;
-     `fastmap' to an allocated space for the fastmap;
-     `fastmap_accurate' to zero;
-     `re_nsub' to the number of subexpressions in PATTERN.
+     'newline_anchor' to REG_NEWLINE being set in CFLAGS;
+     'fastmap' to an allocated space for the fastmap;
+     'fastmap_accurate' to zero;
+     're_nsub' to the number of subexpressions in PATTERN.
 
    PATTERN is the address of the pattern string.
 
@@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ re_comp (s)
                                 + __re_error_msgid_idx[(int) REG_ESPACE]);
     }
 
-  /* Since `re_exec' always passes NULL for the `regs' argument, we
+  /* Since 're_exec' always passes NULL for the 'regs' argument, we
      don't need to initialize the pattern buffer fields which affect it.  */
 
   /* Match anchors at newlines.  */
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ re_comp (s)
   if (!ret)
     return NULL;
 
-  /* Yes, we're discarding `const' here if !HAVE_LIBINTL.  */
+  /* Yes, we're discarding 'const' here if !HAVE_LIBINTL.  */
   return (char *) gettext (__re_error_msgid + __re_error_msgid_idx[(int) ret]);
 }
 
@@ -1659,7 +1659,7 @@ calc_eclosure (re_dfa_t *dfa)
       /* If we have already calculated, skip it.  */
       if (dfa->eclosures[node_idx].nelem != 0)
        continue;
-      /* Calculate epsilon closure of `node_idx'.  */
+      /* Calculate epsilon closure of 'node_idx'.  */
       err = calc_eclosure_iter (&eclosure_elem, dfa, node_idx, true);
       if (BE (err != REG_NOERROR, 0))
        return err;
@@ -1709,14 +1709,14 @@ calc_eclosure_iter (re_node_set *new_set, re_dfa_t 
*dfa, Idx node, bool root)
       {
        re_node_set eclosure_elem;
        Idx edest = dfa->edests[node].elems[i];
-       /* If calculating the epsilon closure of `edest' is in progress,
+       /* If calculating the epsilon closure of 'edest' is in progress,
           return intermediate result.  */
        if (dfa->eclosures[edest].nelem == REG_MISSING)
          {
            incomplete = true;
            continue;
          }
-       /* If we haven't calculated the epsilon closure of `edest' yet,
+       /* If we haven't calculated the epsilon closure of 'edest' yet,
           calculate now. Otherwise use calculated epsilon closure.  */
        if (dfa->eclosures[edest].nelem == 0)
          {
@@ -1726,11 +1726,11 @@ calc_eclosure_iter (re_node_set *new_set, re_dfa_t 
*dfa, Idx node, bool root)
          }
        else
          eclosure_elem = dfa->eclosures[edest];
-       /* Merge the epsilon closure of `edest'.  */
+       /* Merge the epsilon closure of 'edest'.  */
        err = re_node_set_merge (&eclosure, &eclosure_elem);
        if (BE (err != REG_NOERROR, 0))
          return err;
-       /* If the epsilon closure of `edest' is incomplete,
+       /* If the epsilon closure of 'edest' is incomplete,
           the epsilon closure of this node is also incomplete.  */
        if (dfa->eclosures[edest].nelem == 0)
          {
@@ -2134,7 +2134,7 @@ parse (re_string_t *regexp, regex_t *preg, reg_syntax_t 
syntax,
          /   \
    <branch1> <branch2>
 
-   ALT means alternative, which represents the operator `|'.  */
+   ALT means alternative, which represents the operator '|'.  */
 
 static bin_tree_t *
 parse_reg_exp (re_string_t *regexp, regex_t *preg, re_token_t *token,
@@ -3703,7 +3703,7 @@ build_charclass_op (re_dfa_t *dfa, RE_TRANSLATE_TYPE 
trans,
 }
 
 /* This is intended for the expressions like "a{1,3}".
-   Fetch a number from `input', and return the number.
+   Fetch a number from 'input', and return the number.
    Return REG_MISSING if the number field is empty like "{,1}".
    Return REG_ERROR if an error occurred.  */
 
diff --git a/lib/regex.h b/lib/regex.h
index 2a17ff3..4fb5570 100644
--- a/lib/regex.h
+++ b/lib/regex.h
@@ -161,9 +161,9 @@ typedef unsigned long int reg_syntax_t;
    If not set, newline is literal.  */
 # define RE_NEWLINE_ALT (RE_LIMITED_OPS << 1)
 
-/* If this bit is set, then `{...}' defines an interval, and \{ and \}
+/* If this bit is set, then '{...}' defines an interval, and \{ and \}
      are literals.
-  If not set, then `\{...\}' defines an interval.  */
+  If not set, then '\{...\}' defines an interval.  */
 # define RE_NO_BK_BRACES (RE_NEWLINE_ALT << 1)
 
 /* If this bit is set, (...) defines a group, and \( and \) are literals.
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ extern reg_syntax_t re_syntax_options;
 #endif /* defined __USE_GNU_REGEX */
 
 
-/* POSIX `cflags' bits (i.e., information for `regcomp').  */
+/* POSIX 'cflags' bits (i.e., information for 'regcomp').  */
 
 /* If this bit is set, then use extended regular expression syntax.
    If not set, then use basic regular expression syntax.  */
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ extern reg_syntax_t re_syntax_options;
 #define REG_NOSUB (1 << 3)
 
 
-/* POSIX `eflags' bits (i.e., information for regexec).  */
+/* POSIX 'eflags' bits (i.e., information for regexec).  */
 
 /* If this bit is set, then the beginning-of-line operator doesn't match
      the beginning of the string (presumably because it's not the
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ extern reg_syntax_t re_syntax_options;
 
 
 /* If any error codes are removed, changed, or added, update the
-   `__re_error_msgid' table in regcomp.c.  */
+   '__re_error_msgid' table in regcomp.c.  */
 
 typedef enum
 {
@@ -417,9 +417,9 @@ typedef enum
 #define REG_ESIZE      _REG_ESIZE
 #define REG_ERPAREN    _REG_ERPAREN
 
-/* struct re_pattern_buffer normally uses member names like `buffer'
+/* struct re_pattern_buffer normally uses member names like 'buffer'
    that POSIX does not allow.  In POSIX mode these members have names
-   with leading `re_' (e.g., `re_buffer').  */
+   with leading 're_' (e.g., 're_buffer').  */
 #ifdef __USE_GNU_REGEX
 # define _REG_RE_NAME(id) id
 # define _REG_RM_NAME(id) id
@@ -442,22 +442,22 @@ typedef enum
 #endif
 
 /* This data structure represents a compiled pattern.  Before calling
-   the pattern compiler, the fields `buffer', `allocated', `fastmap',
-   `translate', and `no_sub' can be set.  After the pattern has been
-   compiled, the `re_nsub' field is available.  All other fields are
+   the pattern compiler, the fields 'buffer', 'allocated', 'fastmap',
+   'translate', and 'no_sub' can be set.  After the pattern has been
+   compiled, the 're_nsub' field is available.  All other fields are
    private to the regex routines.  */
 
 struct re_pattern_buffer
 {
   /* Space that holds the compiled pattern.  It is declared as
-     `unsigned char *' because its elements are sometimes used as
+     'unsigned char *' because its elements are sometimes used as
      array indexes.  */
   unsigned char *_REG_RE_NAME (buffer);
 
-  /* Number of bytes to which `buffer' points.  */
+  /* Number of bytes to which 'buffer' points.  */
   __re_long_size_t _REG_RE_NAME (allocated);
 
-  /* Number of bytes actually used in `buffer'.  */
+  /* Number of bytes actually used in 'buffer'.  */
   __re_long_size_t _REG_RE_NAME (used);
 
   /* Syntax setting with which the pattern was compiled.  */
@@ -478,13 +478,13 @@ struct re_pattern_buffer
   size_t re_nsub;
 
   /* Zero if this pattern cannot match the empty string, one else.
-     Well, in truth it's used only in `re_search_2', to see whether or
+     Well, in truth it's used only in 're_search_2', to see whether or
      not we should use the fastmap, so we don't set this absolutely
-     perfectly; see `re_compile_fastmap' (the `duplicate' case).  */
+     perfectly; see 're_compile_fastmap' (the "duplicate" case).  */
   unsigned int _REG_RE_NAME (can_be_null) : 1;
 
-  /* If REGS_UNALLOCATED, allocate space in the `regs' structure
-     for `max (RE_NREGS, re_nsub + 1)' groups.
+  /* If REGS_UNALLOCATED, allocate space in the 'regs' structure
+     for 'max (RE_NREGS, re_nsub + 1)' groups.
      If REGS_REALLOCATE, reallocate space if necessary.
      If REGS_FIXED, use what's there.  */
 #ifdef __USE_GNU_REGEX
@@ -494,11 +494,11 @@ struct re_pattern_buffer
 #endif
   unsigned int _REG_RE_NAME (regs_allocated) : 2;
 
-  /* Set to zero when `re_compile_pattern' compiles a pattern; set to
-     one by `re_compile_fastmap' if it updates the fastmap.  */
+  /* Set to zero when 're_compile_pattern' compiles a pattern; set to
+     one by 're_compile_fastmap' if it updates the fastmap.  */
   unsigned int _REG_RE_NAME (fastmap_accurate) : 1;
 
-  /* If set, `re_match_2' does not return information about
+  /* If set, 're_match_2' does not return information about
      subexpressions.  */
   unsigned int _REG_RE_NAME (no_sub) : 1;
 
@@ -527,16 +527,16 @@ struct re_registers
 };
 
 
-/* If `regs_allocated' is REGS_UNALLOCATED in the pattern buffer,
-   `re_match_2' returns information about at least this many registers
-   the first time a `regs' structure is passed.  */
+/* If 'regs_allocated' is REGS_UNALLOCATED in the pattern buffer,
+   're_match_2' returns information about at least this many registers
+   the first time a 'regs' structure is passed.  */
 #if !defined RE_NREGS && defined __USE_GNU_REGEX
 # define RE_NREGS 30
 #endif
 
 
 /* POSIX specification for registers.  Aside from the different names than
-   `re_registers', POSIX uses an array of structures, instead of a
+   're_registers', POSIX uses an array of structures, instead of a
    structure of arrays.  */
 typedef struct
 {
@@ -547,11 +547,11 @@ typedef struct
 /* Declarations for routines.  */
 
 /* Sets the current default syntax to SYNTAX, and return the old syntax.
-   You can also simply assign to the `re_syntax_options' variable.  */
+   You can also simply assign to the 're_syntax_options' variable.  */
 extern reg_syntax_t re_set_syntax (reg_syntax_t __syntax);
 
 /* Compile the regular expression PATTERN, with length LENGTH
-   and syntax given by the global `re_syntax_options', into the buffer
+   and syntax given by the global 're_syntax_options', into the buffer
    BUFFER.  Return NULL if successful, and an error string if not.  */
 extern const char *re_compile_pattern (const char *__pattern, size_t __length,
                                       struct re_pattern_buffer *__buffer);
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ extern regoff_t re_search (struct re_pattern_buffer 
*__buffer,
                           struct re_registers *__regs);
 
 
-/* Like `re_search', but search in the concatenation of STRING1 and
+/* Like 're_search', but search in the concatenation of STRING1 and
    STRING2.  Also, stop searching at index START + STOP.  */
 extern regoff_t re_search_2 (struct re_pattern_buffer *__buffer,
                             const char *__string1, __re_idx_t __length1,
@@ -584,14 +584,14 @@ extern regoff_t re_search_2 (struct re_pattern_buffer 
*__buffer,
                             __re_idx_t __stop);
 
 
-/* Like `re_search', but return how many characters in STRING the regexp
+/* Like 're_search', but return how many characters in STRING the regexp
    in BUFFER matched, starting at position START.  */
 extern regoff_t re_match (struct re_pattern_buffer *__buffer,
                          const char *__string, __re_idx_t __length,
                          __re_idx_t __start, struct re_registers *__regs);
 
 
-/* Relates to `re_match' as `re_search_2' relates to `re_search'.  */
+/* Relates to 're_match' as 're_search_2' relates to 're_search'.  */
 extern regoff_t re_match_2 (struct re_pattern_buffer *__buffer,
                            const char *__string1, __re_idx_t __length1,
                            const char *__string2, __re_idx_t __length2,
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ extern regoff_t re_match_2 (struct re_pattern_buffer 
*__buffer,
 /* Set REGS to hold NUM_REGS registers, storing them in STARTS and
    ENDS.  Subsequent matches using BUFFER and REGS will use this memory
    for recording register information.  STARTS and ENDS must be
-   allocated with malloc, and must each be at least `NUM_REGS * sizeof
+   allocated with malloc, and must each be at least 'NUM_REGS * sizeof
    (regoff_t)' bytes long.
 
    If NUM_REGS == 0, then subsequent matches should allocate their own
diff --git a/lib/regex_internal.c b/lib/regex_internal.c
index 26c5dc6..a1921a5 100644
--- a/lib/regex_internal.c
+++ b/lib/regex_internal.c
@@ -1550,7 +1550,7 @@ re_acquire_state_context (reg_errcode_t *err, const 
re_dfa_t *dfa,
          && re_node_set_compare (state->entrance_nodes, nodes))
        return state;
     }
-  /* There are no appropriate state in `dfa', create the new one.  */
+  /* There are no appropriate state in 'dfa', create the new one.  */
   new_state = create_cd_newstate (dfa, nodes, context, hash);
   if (BE (new_state == NULL, 0))
     *err = REG_ESPACE;
diff --git a/lib/regex_internal.h b/lib/regex_internal.h
index 20cc833..08ba868 100644
--- a/lib/regex_internal.h
+++ b/lib/regex_internal.h
@@ -483,8 +483,8 @@ struct bin_tree_t
 
   re_token_t token;
 
-  /* `node_idx' is the index in dfa->nodes, if `type' == 0.
-     Otherwise `type' indicate the type of this node.  */
+  /* 'node_idx' is the index in dfa->nodes, if 'type' == 0.
+     Otherwise 'type' indicate the type of this node.  */
   Idx node_idx;
 };
 typedef struct bin_tree_t bin_tree_t;
@@ -537,9 +537,9 @@ struct re_dfastate_t
   struct re_dfastate_t **trtable, **word_trtable;
   unsigned int context : 4;
   unsigned int halt : 1;
-  /* If this state can accept `multi byte'.
+  /* If this state can accept "multi byte".
      Note that we refer to multibyte characters, and multi character
-     collating elements as `multi byte'.  */
+     collating elements as "multi byte".  */
   unsigned int accept_mb : 1;
   /* If this state has backreference node(s).  */
   unsigned int has_backref : 1;
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ struct re_dfa_t
   re_bitset_ptr_t sb_char;
   int str_tree_storage_idx;
 
-  /* number of subexpressions `re_nsub' is in regex_t.  */
+  /* number of subexpressions 're_nsub' is in regex_t.  */
   re_hashval_t state_hash_mask;
   Idx init_node;
   Idx nbackref; /* The number of backreference in this dfa.  */
diff --git a/lib/regexec.c b/lib/regexec.c
index 7776f9b..75b9584 100644
--- a/lib/regexec.c
+++ b/lib/regexec.c
@@ -209,11 +209,11 @@ static reg_errcode_t extend_buffers (re_match_context_t 
*mctx)
    string STRING.
 
    If NMATCH is zero or REG_NOSUB was set in the cflags argument to
-   `regcomp', we ignore PMATCH.  Otherwise, we assume PMATCH has at
+   'regcomp', we ignore PMATCH.  Otherwise, we assume PMATCH has at
    least NMATCH elements, and we set them to the offsets of the
    corresponding matched substrings.
 
-   EFLAGS specifies `execution flags' which affect matching: if
+   EFLAGS specifies "execution flags" which affect matching: if
    REG_NOTBOL is set, then ^ does not match at the beginning of the
    string; if REG_NOTEOL is set, then $ does not match at the end.
 
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ re_copy_regs (struct re_registers *regs, regmatch_t 
*pmatch, Idx nregs,
   int rval = REGS_REALLOCATE;
   Idx i;
   Idx need_regs = nregs + 1;
-  /* We need one extra element beyond `num_regs' for the `-1' marker GNU code
+  /* We need one extra element beyond 'num_regs' for the '-1' marker GNU code
      uses.  */
 
   /* Have the register data arrays been allocated?  */
@@ -1607,21 +1607,21 @@ update_regs (const re_dfa_t *dfa, regmatch_t *pmatch,
    and sift the nodes in each states according to the following rules.
    Updated state_log will be wrote to STATE_LOG.
 
-   Rules: We throw away the Node `a' in the STATE_LOG[STR_IDX] if...
+   Rules: We throw away the Node 'a' in the STATE_LOG[STR_IDX] if...
      1. When STR_IDX == MATCH_LAST(the last index in the state_log):
-       If `a' isn't the LAST_NODE and `a' can't epsilon transit to
-       the LAST_NODE, we throw away the node `a'.
-     2. When 0 <= STR_IDX < MATCH_LAST and `a' accepts
-       string `s' and transit to `b':
+       If 'a' isn't the LAST_NODE and 'a' can't epsilon transit to
+       the LAST_NODE, we throw away the node 'a'.
+     2. When 0 <= STR_IDX < MATCH_LAST and 'a' accepts
+       string 's' and transit to 'b':
        i. If 'b' isn't in the STATE_LOG[STR_IDX+strlen('s')], we throw
-          away the node `a'.
+          away the node 'a'.
        ii. If 'b' is in the STATE_LOG[STR_IDX+strlen('s')] but 'b' is
-           thrown away, we throw away the node `a'.
+           thrown away, we throw away the node 'a'.
      3. When 0 <= STR_IDX < MATCH_LAST and 'a' epsilon transit to 'b':
        i. If 'b' isn't in the STATE_LOG[STR_IDX], we throw away the
-          node `a'.
+          node 'a'.
        ii. If 'b' is in the STATE_LOG[STR_IDX] but 'b' is thrown away,
-           we throw away the node `a'.  */
+           we throw away the node 'a'.  */
 
 #define STATE_NODE_CONTAINS(state,node) \
   ((state) != NULL && re_node_set_contains (&(state)->nodes, node))
@@ -1694,11 +1694,11 @@ build_sifted_states (const re_match_context_t *mctx, 
re_sift_context_t *sctx,
   Idx i;
 
   /* Then build the next sifted state.
-     We build the next sifted state on `cur_dest', and update
-     `sifted_states[str_idx]' with `cur_dest'.
+     We build the next sifted state on 'cur_dest', and update
+     'sifted_states[str_idx]' with 'cur_dest'.
      Note:
-     `cur_dest' is the sifted state from `state_log[str_idx + 1]'.
-     `cur_src' points the node_set of the old `state_log[str_idx]'
+     'cur_dest' is the sifted state from 'state_log[str_idx + 1]'.
+     'cur_src' points the node_set of the old 'state_log[str_idx]'
      (with the epsilon nodes pre-filtered out).  */
   for (i = 0; i < cur_src->nelem; i++)
     {
@@ -1711,7 +1711,7 @@ build_sifted_states (const re_match_context_t *mctx, 
re_sift_context_t *sctx,
       assert (!IS_EPSILON_NODE (type));
 #endif
 #ifdef RE_ENABLE_I18N
-      /* If the node may accept `multi byte'.  */
+      /* If the node may accept "multi byte".  */
       if (dfa->nodes[prev_node].accept_mb)
        naccepted = sift_states_iter_mb (mctx, sctx, prev_node,
                                         str_idx, sctx->last_str_idx);
@@ -2267,17 +2267,17 @@ sift_states_iter_mb (const re_match_context_t *mctx, 
re_sift_context_t *sctx,
 {
   const re_dfa_t *const dfa = mctx->dfa;
   int naccepted;
-  /* Check the node can accept `multi byte'.  */
+  /* Check the node can accept "multi byte".  */
   naccepted = check_node_accept_bytes (dfa, node_idx, &mctx->input, str_idx);
   if (naccepted > 0 && str_idx + naccepted <= max_str_idx &&
       !STATE_NODE_CONTAINS (sctx->sifted_states[str_idx + naccepted],
                            dfa->nexts[node_idx]))
-    /* The node can't accept the `multi byte', or the
+    /* The node can't accept the "multi byte", or the
        destination was already thrown away, then the node
-       could't accept the current input `multi byte'.   */
+       could't accept the current input "multi byte".   */
     naccepted = 0;
   /* Otherwise, it is sure that the node could accept
-     `naccepted' bytes input.  */
+     'naccepted' bytes input.  */
   return naccepted;
 }
 #endif /* RE_ENABLE_I18N */
@@ -2567,7 +2567,7 @@ transit_state_mb (re_match_context_t *mctx, re_dfastate_t 
*pstate)
       if (naccepted == 0)
        continue;
 
-      /* The node can accepts `naccepted' bytes.  */
+      /* The node can accepts 'naccepted' bytes.  */
       dest_idx = re_string_cur_idx (&mctx->input) + naccepted;
       mctx->max_mb_elem_len = ((mctx->max_mb_elem_len < naccepted) ? naccepted
                               : mctx->max_mb_elem_len);
@@ -2619,7 +2619,7 @@ transit_state_bkref (re_match_context_t *mctx, const 
re_node_set *nodes)
       const re_token_t *node = dfa->nodes + node_idx;
       re_node_set *new_dest_nodes;
 
-      /* Check whether `node' is a backreference or not.  */
+      /* Check whether 'node' is a backreference or not.  */
       if (node->type != OP_BACK_REF)
        continue;
 
@@ -2631,14 +2631,14 @@ transit_state_bkref (re_match_context_t *mctx, const 
re_node_set *nodes)
            continue;
        }
 
-      /* `node' is a backreference.
+      /* 'node' is a backreference.
         Check the substring which the substring matched.  */
       bkc_idx = mctx->nbkref_ents;
       err = get_subexp (mctx, node_idx, cur_str_idx);
       if (BE (err != REG_NOERROR, 0))
        goto free_return;
 
-      /* And add the epsilon closures (which is `new_dest_nodes') of
+      /* And add the epsilon closures (which is 'new_dest_nodes') of
         the backreference to appropriate state_log.  */
 #ifdef DEBUG
       assert (dfa->nexts[node_idx] != REG_MISSING);
@@ -2662,7 +2662,7 @@ transit_state_bkref (re_match_context_t *mctx, const 
re_node_set *nodes)
          dest_state = mctx->state_log[dest_str_idx];
          prev_nelem = ((mctx->state_log[cur_str_idx] == NULL) ? 0
                        : mctx->state_log[cur_str_idx]->nodes.nelem);
-         /* Add `new_dest_node' to state_log.  */
+         /* Add 'new_dest_node' to state_log.  */
          if (dest_state == NULL)
            {
              mctx->state_log[dest_str_idx]
@@ -3101,7 +3101,7 @@ check_arrival_add_next_nodes (re_match_context_t *mctx, 
Idx str_idx,
       assert (!IS_EPSILON_NODE (type));
 #endif
 #ifdef RE_ENABLE_I18N
-      /* If the node may accept `multi byte'.  */
+      /* If the node may accept "multi byte".  */
       if (dfa->nodes[cur_node].accept_mb)
        {
          naccepted = check_node_accept_bytes (dfa, cur_node, &mctx->input,
@@ -3358,7 +3358,7 @@ build_trtable (const re_dfa_t *dfa, re_dfastate_t *state)
   bitset_word_t elem, mask;
   bool dests_node_malloced = false;
   bool dest_states_malloced = false;
-  Idx ndests; /* Number of the destination states from `state'.  */
+  Idx ndests; /* Number of the destination states from 'state'.  */
   re_dfastate_t **trtable;
   re_dfastate_t **dest_states = NULL, **dest_states_word, **dest_states_nl;
   re_node_set follows, *dests_node;
@@ -3372,8 +3372,8 @@ build_trtable (const re_dfa_t *dfa, re_dfastate_t *state)
   } *dests_alloc;
 
   /* We build DFA states which corresponds to the destination nodes
-     from `state'.  `dests_node[i]' represents the nodes which i-th
-     destination state contains, and `dests_ch[i]' represents the
+     from 'state'.  'dests_node[i]' represents the nodes which i-th
+     destination state contains, and 'dests_ch[i]' represents the
      characters which i-th destination state accepts.  */
   if (__libc_use_alloca (sizeof (struct dests_alloc)))
     dests_alloc = (struct dests_alloc *) alloca (sizeof (struct dests_alloc));
@@ -3390,7 +3390,7 @@ build_trtable (const re_dfa_t *dfa, re_dfastate_t *state)
   /* Initialize transiton table.  */
   state->word_trtable = state->trtable = NULL;
 
-  /* At first, group all nodes belonging to `state' into several
+  /* At first, group all nodes belonging to 'state' into several
      destinations.  */
   ndests = group_nodes_into_DFAstates (dfa, state, dests_node, dests_ch);
   if (BE (! REG_VALID_NONZERO_INDEX (ndests), 0))
@@ -3592,13 +3592,13 @@ group_nodes_into_DFAstates (const re_dfa_t *dfa, const 
re_dfastate_t *state,
   reg_errcode_t err;
   bool ok;
   Idx i, j, k;
-  Idx ndests; /* Number of the destinations from `state'.  */
+  Idx ndests; /* Number of the destinations from 'state'.  */
   bitset_t accepts; /* Characters a node can accept.  */
   const re_node_set *cur_nodes = &state->nodes;
   bitset_empty (accepts);
   ndests = 0;
 
-  /* For all the nodes belonging to `state',  */
+  /* For all the nodes belonging to 'state',  */
   for (i = 0; i < cur_nodes->nelem; ++i)
     {
       re_token_t *node = &dfa->nodes[cur_nodes->elems[i]];
@@ -3641,7 +3641,7 @@ group_nodes_into_DFAstates (const re_dfa_t *dfa, const 
re_dfastate_t *state,
       else
        continue;
 
-      /* Check the `accepts' and sift the characters which are not
+      /* Check the 'accepts' and sift the characters which are not
         match it the context.  */
       if (constraint)
        {
@@ -3700,7 +3700,7 @@ group_nodes_into_DFAstates (const re_dfa_t *dfa, const 
re_dfastate_t *state,
            }
        }
 
-      /* Then divide `accepts' into DFA states, or create a new
+      /* Then divide 'accepts' into DFA states, or create a new
         state.  Above, we make sure that accepts is not empty.  */
       for (j = 0; j < ndests; ++j)
        {
@@ -3713,7 +3713,7 @@ group_nodes_into_DFAstates (const re_dfa_t *dfa, const 
re_dfastate_t *state,
          if (type == CHARACTER && !bitset_contain (dests_ch[j], node->opr.c))
            continue;
 
-         /* Enumerate the intersection set of this state and `accepts'.  */
+         /* Enumerate the intersection set of this state and 'accepts'.  */
          has_intersec = 0;
          for (k = 0; k < BITSET_WORDS; ++k)
            has_intersec |= intersec[k] = accepts[k] & dests_ch[j][k];
@@ -3721,7 +3721,7 @@ group_nodes_into_DFAstates (const re_dfa_t *dfa, const 
re_dfastate_t *state,
          if (!has_intersec)
            continue;
 
-         /* Then check if this state is a subset of `accepts'.  */
+         /* Then check if this state is a subset of 'accepts'.  */
          not_subset = not_consumed = 0;
          for (k = 0; k < BITSET_WORDS; ++k)
            {
@@ -3729,8 +3729,8 @@ group_nodes_into_DFAstates (const re_dfa_t *dfa, const 
re_dfastate_t *state,
              not_consumed |= accepts[k] = accepts[k] & ~dests_ch[j][k];
            }
 
-         /* If this state isn't a subset of `accepts', create a
-            new group state, which has the `remains'. */
+         /* If this state isn't a subset of 'accepts', create a
+            new group state, which has the 'remains'. */
          if (not_subset)
            {
              bitset_copy (dests_ch[ndests], remains);
@@ -3769,7 +3769,7 @@ group_nodes_into_DFAstates (const re_dfa_t *dfa, const 
re_dfastate_t *state,
 }
 
 #ifdef RE_ENABLE_I18N
-/* Check how many bytes the node `dfa->nodes[node_idx]' accepts.
+/* Check how many bytes the node 'dfa->nodes[node_idx]' accepts.
    Return the number of the bytes the node accepts.
    STR_IDX is the current index of the input string.
 
diff --git a/lib/save-cwd.c b/lib/save-cwd.c
index 5f8eb7c..ba51ef3 100644
--- a/lib/save-cwd.c
+++ b/lib/save-cwd.c
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
    closed;  return non-zero -- in that case, free_cwd need not be
    called, but doing so is ok.  Otherwise, return zero.
 
-   The `raison d'etre' for this interface is that the working directory
+   The _raison d'etre_ for this interface is that the working directory
    is sometimes inaccessible, and getcwd is not robust or as efficient.
    So, we prefer to use the open/fchdir approach, but fall back on
    getcwd if necessary.  This module works for most cases with just
diff --git a/lib/setenv.c b/lib/setenv.c
index 0a5f67d..60a02bd 100644
--- a/lib/setenv.c
+++ b/lib/setenv.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #if _LIBC
-/* This lock protects against simultaneous modifications of `environ'.  */
+/* This lock protects against simultaneous modifications of 'environ'.  */
 # include <bits/libc-lock.h>
 __libc_lock_define_initialized (static, envlock)
 # define LOCK   __libc_lock_lock (envlock)
@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ static void *known_values;
 static char **last_environ;
 
 
-/* This function is used by `setenv' and `putenv'.  The difference between
+/* This function is used by 'setenv' and 'putenv'.  The difference between
    the two functions is that for the former must create a new string which
-   is then placed in the environment, while the argument of `putenv'
+   is then placed in the environment, while the argument of 'putenv'
    must be used directly.  This is all complicated by the fact that we try
-   to reuse values once generated for a `setenv' call since we can never
+   to reuse values once generated for a 'setenv' call since we can never
    free the strings.  */
 int
 __add_to_environ (const char *name, const char *value, const char *combined,
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ setenv (const char *name, const char *value, int replace)
   return __add_to_environ (name, value, NULL, replace);
 }
 
-/* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
+/* The 'clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
    never made it.  Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
    for Fortran 77) requires this function.  */
 int
diff --git a/lib/settime.c b/lib/settime.c
index bd8f10f..5d50ba2 100644
--- a/lib/settime.c
+++ b/lib/settime.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ settime (struct timespec const *ts)
   }
 #elif HAVE_STIME
   /* This fails to compile on OSF1 V5.1, due to stime requiring
-     a `long int*' and tv_sec is `int'.  But that system does provide
+     a 'long int*' and tv_sec is 'int'.  But that system does provide
      settimeofday.  */
   return stime (&ts->tv_sec);
 #else
diff --git a/lib/sig2str.c b/lib/sig2str.c
index 70faa66..2bcda0e 100644
--- a/lib/sig2str.c
+++ b/lib/sig2str.c
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ static struct numname { int num; char const name[8]; } 
numname_table[] =
    - It's typically faster.
    POSIX says that only '0' through '9' are digits.  Prefer ISDIGIT to
    isdigit unless it's important to use the locale's definition
-   of `digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
+   of "digit" even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
 #define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned int) (c) - '0' <= 9)
 
 /* Convert the signal name SIGNAME to a signal number.  Return the
diff --git a/lib/spawn.in.h b/lib/spawn.in.h
index 5cc9acf..f4e1c28 100644
--- a/lib/spawn.in.h
+++ b/lib/spawn.in.h
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ typedef struct
 #endif
 
 
-/* Flags to be set in the `posix_spawnattr_t'.  */
+/* Flags to be set in the 'posix_spawnattr_t'.  */
 #if @HAVE_POSIX_SPAWN@
 /* Use the values from the system, but provide the missing ones.  */
 # ifndef POSIX_SPAWN_SETSCHEDPARAM
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ _GL_WARN_ON_USE (posix_spawn, "posix_spawn is unportable - "
 #endif
 
 #if @GNULIB_POSIX_SPAWNP@
-/* Similar to `posix_spawn' but search for FILE in the PATH.
+/* Similar to 'posix_spawn' but search for FILE in the PATH.
 
    This function is a possible cancellation points and therefore not
    marked with __THROW.  */
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ _GL_WARN_ON_USE (posix_spawnp, "posix_spawnp is unportable 
- "
 
 
 #if @GNULIB_POSIX_SPAWNATTR_INIT@
-/* Initialize data structure with attributes for `spawn' to default values.  */
+/* Initialize data structure with attributes for 'spawn' to default values.  */
 # if @REPLACE_POSIX_SPAWN@
 #  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
 #   define posix_spawnattr_init rpl_posix_spawnattr_init
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ _GL_WARN_ON_USE (posix_spawnattr_setschedparam,
 
 
 #if @GNULIB_POSIX_SPAWN_FILE_ACTIONS_INIT@
-/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for `spawn' call.  */
+/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for 'spawn' call.  */
 # if @REPLACE_POSIX_SPAWN@
 #  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
 #   define posix_spawn_file_actions_init rpl_posix_spawn_file_actions_init
@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ _GL_WARN_ON_USE (posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy,
 
 #if @GNULIB_POSIX_SPAWN_FILE_ACTIONS_ADDOPEN@
 /* Add an action to FILE-ACTIONS which tells the implementation to call
-   `open' for the given file during the `spawn' call.  */
+   'open' for the given file during the 'spawn' call.  */
 # if @REPLACE_POSIX_SPAWN@
 #  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
 #   define posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen 
rpl_posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ _GL_WARN_ON_USE (posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen,
 
 #if @GNULIB_POSIX_SPAWN_FILE_ACTIONS_ADDCLOSE@
 /* Add an action to FILE-ACTIONS which tells the implementation to call
-   `close' for the given file descriptor during the `spawn' call.  */
+   'close' for the given file descriptor during the 'spawn' call.  */
 # if @REPLACE_POSIX_SPAWN@
 #  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
 #   define posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose 
rpl_posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ _GL_WARN_ON_USE (posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose,
 
 #if @GNULIB_POSIX_SPAWN_FILE_ACTIONS_ADDDUP2@
 /* Add an action to FILE-ACTIONS which tells the implementation to call
-   `dup2' for the given file descriptors during the `spawn' call.  */
+   'dup2' for the given file descriptors during the 'spawn' call.  */
 # if @REPLACE_POSIX_SPAWN@
 #  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
 #   define posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2 
rpl_posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2
diff --git a/lib/spawn_faction_addclose.c b/lib/spawn_faction_addclose.c
index bd8c4db..0af61c9 100644
--- a/lib/spawn_faction_addclose.c
+++ b/lib/spawn_faction_addclose.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 #include "spawn_int.h"
 
 /* Add an action to FILE-ACTIONS which tells the implementation to call
-   `close' for the given file descriptor during the `spawn' call.  */
+   'close' for the given file descriptor during the 'spawn' call.  */
 int
 posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose (posix_spawn_file_actions_t *file_actions,
                                    int fd)
diff --git a/lib/spawn_faction_adddup2.c b/lib/spawn_faction_adddup2.c
index 1ebea4a..2262b86 100644
--- a/lib/spawn_faction_adddup2.c
+++ b/lib/spawn_faction_adddup2.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 #include "spawn_int.h"
 
 /* Add an action to FILE-ACTIONS which tells the implementation to call
-   `dup2' for the given file descriptors during the `spawn' call.  */
+   'dup2' for the given file descriptors during the 'spawn' call.  */
 int
 posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2 (posix_spawn_file_actions_t *file_actions,
                                   int fd, int newfd)
diff --git a/lib/spawn_faction_addopen.c b/lib/spawn_faction_addopen.c
index ad72403..a4f48c2 100644
--- a/lib/spawn_faction_addopen.c
+++ b/lib/spawn_faction_addopen.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 #include "spawn_int.h"
 
 /* Add an action to FILE-ACTIONS which tells the implementation to call
-   `open' for the given file during the `spawn' call.  */
+   'open' for the given file during the 'spawn' call.  */
 int
 posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen (posix_spawn_file_actions_t *file_actions,
                                   int fd, const char *path, int oflag,
diff --git a/lib/spawn_faction_destroy.c b/lib/spawn_faction_destroy.c
index 884209f..bfe0be2 100644
--- a/lib/spawn_faction_destroy.c
+++ b/lib/spawn_faction_destroy.c
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
-/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for `spawn' call.  */
+/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for 'spawn' call.  */
 int
 posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy (posix_spawn_file_actions_t *file_actions)
 {
diff --git a/lib/spawn_faction_init.c b/lib/spawn_faction_init.c
index f6ef0c9..729525f 100644
--- a/lib/spawn_faction_init.c
+++ b/lib/spawn_faction_init.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 
 /* Function used to increase the size of the allocated array.  This
-   function is called from the `add'-functions.  */
+   function is called from the 'add'-functions.  */
 int
 __posix_spawn_file_actions_realloc (posix_spawn_file_actions_t *file_actions)
 {
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ __posix_spawn_file_actions_realloc 
(posix_spawn_file_actions_t *file_actions)
 }
 
 
-/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for `spawn' call.  */
+/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for 'spawn' call.  */
 int
 posix_spawn_file_actions_init (posix_spawn_file_actions_t *file_actions)
 {
diff --git a/lib/spawnattr_destroy.c b/lib/spawnattr_destroy.c
index 5b498a0..8c0ef3d 100644
--- a/lib/spawnattr_destroy.c
+++ b/lib/spawnattr_destroy.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /* Specification.  */
 #include <spawn.h>
 
-/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for `spawn' call.  */
+/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for 'spawn' call.  */
 int
 posix_spawnattr_destroy (posix_spawnattr_t *attr)
 {
diff --git a/lib/spawnattr_init.c b/lib/spawnattr_init.c
index 0475080..9347f5e 100644
--- a/lib/spawnattr_init.c
+++ b/lib/spawnattr_init.c
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
-/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for `spawn' call.  */
+/* Initialize data structure for file attribute for 'spawn' call.  */
 int
 posix_spawnattr_init (posix_spawnattr_t *attr)
 {
diff --git a/lib/spawni.c b/lib/spawni.c
index 9af2781..fc745f1 100644
--- a/lib/spawni.c
+++ b/lib/spawni.c
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ __spawni (pid_t *pid, const char *file,
                                               action->action.open_action.mode);
 
                 if (new_fd == -1)
-                  /* The `open' call failed.  */
+                  /* The 'open' call failed.  */
                   _exit (SPAWN_ERROR);
 
                 /* Make sure the desired file descriptor is used.  */
@@ -267,11 +267,11 @@ __spawni (pid_t *pid, const char *file,
                   {
                     if (dup2 (new_fd, action->action.open_action.fd)
                         != action->action.open_action.fd)
-                      /* The `dup2' call failed.  */
+                      /* The 'dup2' call failed.  */
                       _exit (SPAWN_ERROR);
 
                     if (close_not_cancel (new_fd) != 0)
-                      /* The `close' call failed.  */
+                      /* The 'close' call failed.  */
                       _exit (SPAWN_ERROR);
                   }
               }
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ __spawni (pid_t *pid, const char *file,
               if (dup2 (action->action.dup2_action.fd,
                         action->action.dup2_action.newfd)
                   != action->action.dup2_action.newfd)
-                /* The `dup2' call failed.  */
+                /* The 'dup2' call failed.  */
                 _exit (SPAWN_ERROR);
               break;
             }
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ __spawni (pid_t *pid, const char *file,
       if (errno == ENOEXEC)
         script_execute (file, argv, envp);
 
-      /* Oh, oh.  `execve' returns.  This is bad.  */
+      /* Oh, oh.  'execve' returns.  This is bad.  */
       _exit (SPAWN_ERROR);
     }
 
@@ -305,9 +305,9 @@ __spawni (pid_t *pid, const char *file,
   if (path == NULL)
     {
 #if HAVE_CONFSTR
-      /* There is no `PATH' in the environment.
+      /* There is no 'PATH' in the environment.
          The default search path is the current directory
-         followed by the path `confstr' returns for `_CS_PATH'.  */
+         followed by the path 'confstr' returns for '_CS_PATH'.  */
       len = confstr (_CS_PATH, (char *) NULL, 0);
       path = (char *) alloca (1 + len);
       path[0] = ':';
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ __spawni (pid_t *pid, const char *file,
 
       if (p == path)
         /* Two adjacent colons, or a colon at the beginning or the end
-           of `PATH' means to search the current directory.  */
+           of 'PATH' means to search the current directory.  */
         startp = name + 1;
       else
         startp = (char *) memcpy (name - (p - path), path, p - path);
diff --git a/lib/stat-size.h b/lib/stat-size.h
index 1e47500..3f1273a 100644
--- a/lib/stat-size.h
+++ b/lib/stat-size.h
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 
 
 
-/* Extract or fake data from a `struct stat'.
+/* Extract or fake data from a 'struct stat'.
    ST_BLKSIZE: Preferred I/O blocksize for the file, in bytes.
    ST_NBLOCKS: Number of blocks in the file, including indirect blocks.
    ST_NBLOCKSIZE: Size of blocks used when calculating ST_NBLOCKS.  */
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@
 # endif
 #else
 /* Some systems, like Sequents, return st_blksize of 0 on pipes.
-   Also, when running `rsh hpux11-system cat any-file', cat would
+   Also, when running 'rsh hpux11-system cat any-file', cat would
    determine that the output stream had an st_blksize of 2147421096.
    Conversely st_blksize can be 2 GiB (or maybe even larger) with XFS
-   on 64-bit hosts.  Somewhat arbitrarily, limit the `optimal' block
+   on 64-bit hosts.  Somewhat arbitrarily, limit the "optimal" block
    size to SIZE_MAX / 8 + 1.  (Dividing SIZE_MAX by only 4 wouldn't
    suffice, since "cat" sometimes multiplies the result by 4.)  If
    anyone knows of a system for which this limit is too small, please
diff --git a/lib/strftime.c b/lib/strftime.c
index acebc9a..9514f66 100644
--- a/lib/strftime.c
+++ b/lib/strftime.c
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ extern char *tzname[];
 #  define TOLOWER(Ch, L) tolower (Ch)
 # endif
 #endif
-/* We don't use `isdigit' here since the locale dependent
+/* We don't use 'isdigit' here since the locale dependent
    interpretation is not what we want here.  We only need to accept
    the arabic digits in the ASCII range.  One day there is perhaps a
    more reliable way to accept other sets of digits.  */
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ strftime_case_ (bool upcase, STREAM_OR_CHAR_T *s,
 #ifdef _NL_CURRENT
   /* We cannot make the following values variables since we must delay
      the evaluation of these values until really needed since some
-     expressions might not be valid in every situation.  The `struct tm'
+     expressions might not be valid in every situation.  The 'struct tm'
      might be generated by a strptime() call that initialized
      only a few elements.  Dereference the pointers only if the format
      requires this.  Then it is ok to fail if the pointers are invalid.  */
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ strftime_case_ (bool upcase, STREAM_OR_CHAR_T *s,
           goto do_number_body;
 
         do_number_spacepad:
-          /* Force `_' flag unless overridden by `0' or `-' flag.  */
+          /* Force '_' flag unless overridden by '0' or '-' flag.  */
           if (pad != L_('0') && pad != L_('-'))
             pad = L_('_');
 
diff --git a/lib/stripslash.c b/lib/stripslash.c
index 1212440..964d536 100644
--- a/lib/stripslash.c
+++ b/lib/stripslash.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ strip_trailing_slashes (char *file)
   bool had_slash;
 
   /* last_component returns "" for file system roots, but we need to turn
-     `///' into `/'.  */
+     "///" into "/".  */
   if (! *base)
     base = file;
   base_lim = base + base_len (base);
diff --git a/lib/strptime.c b/lib/strptime.c
index 6cf44bc..2dac6b0 100644
--- a/lib/strptime.c
+++ b/lib/strptime.c
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ __strptime_internal (rp, fmt, tm, decided, era_cnt 
LOCALE_PARAM)
           continue;
         }
 
-      /* Any character but `%' must be matched by the same character
+      /* Any character but '%' must be matched by the same character
          in the iput string.  */
       if (*fmt != '%')
         {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ __strptime_internal (rp, fmt, tm, decided, era_cnt 
LOCALE_PARAM)
 
       ++fmt;
 #ifndef _NL_CURRENT
-      /* We need this for handling the `E' modifier.  */
+      /* We need this for handling the 'E' modifier.  */
     start_over:
 #endif
 
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ __strptime_internal (rp, fmt, tm, decided, era_cnt 
LOCALE_PARAM)
       switch (*fmt++)
         {
         case '%':
-          /* Match the `%' character itself.  */
+          /* Match the '%' character itself.  */
           match_char ('%', *rp++);
           break;
         case 'a':
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ __strptime_internal (rp, fmt, tm, decided, era_cnt 
LOCALE_PARAM)
         case 's':
           {
             /* The number of seconds may be very high so we cannot use
-               the `get_number' macro.  Instead read the number
+               the 'get_number' macro.  Instead read the number
                character for character and construct the result while
                doing this.  */
             time_t secs = 0;
diff --git a/lib/strtod.c b/lib/strtod.c
index bf6955a..be5bd86 100644
--- a/lib/strtod.c
+++ b/lib/strtod.c
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ parse_number (const char *nptr,
       else
         {
           /* The value of the digit doesn't matter, since we have already
-             gotten as many digits as can be represented in a `double'.
+             gotten as many digits as can be represented in a 'double'.
              This doesn't necessarily mean the result will overflow.
              The exponent may reduce it to within range.
 
diff --git a/lib/strtol.c b/lib/strtol.c
index 6c15d11..c0bbd02 100644
--- a/lib/strtol.c
+++ b/lib/strtol.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 # include "../locale/localeinfo.h"
 #endif
 
-/* Nonzero if we are defining `strtoul' or `strtoull', operating on
+/* Nonzero if we are defining 'strtoul' or 'strtoull', operating on
    unsigned integers.  */
 #ifndef UNSIGNED
 # define UNSIGNED 0
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@
 # endif
 #endif
 
-/* If QUAD is defined, we are defining `strtoll' or `strtoull',
-   operating on `long long int's.  */
+/* If QUAD is defined, we are defining 'strtoll' or 'strtoull',
+   operating on 'long long int's.  */
 #ifdef QUAD
 # define LONG long long
 # define STRTOL_LONG_MIN LLONG_MIN
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
 
 
 
-/* Convert NPTR to an `unsigned long int' or `long int' in base BASE.
+/* Convert NPTR to an 'unsigned long int' or 'long int' in base BASE.
    If BASE is 0 the base is determined by the presence of a leading
    zero, indicating octal or a leading "0x" or "0X", indicating hexadecimal.
    If BASE is < 2 or > 36, it is reset to 10.
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ INTERNAL (strtol) (const STRING_TYPE *nptr, STRING_TYPE 
**endptr,
 
 #if !UNSIGNED
   /* Check for a value that is within the range of
-     `unsigned LONG int', but outside the range of `LONG int'.  */
+     'unsigned LONG int', but outside the range of 'LONG int'.  */
   if (overflow == 0
       && i > (negative
               ? -((unsigned LONG int) (STRTOL_LONG_MIN + 1)) + 1
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ noconv:
   /* We must handle a special case here: the base is 0 or 16 and the
      first two characters are '0' and 'x', but the rest are no
      hexadecimal digits.  This is no error case.  We return 0 and
-     ENDPTR points to the `x`.  */
+     ENDPTR points to the 'x'.  */
   if (endptr != NULL)
     {
       if (save - nptr >= 2 && TOUPPER (save[-1]) == L_('X')
diff --git a/lib/strtoll.c b/lib/strtoll.c
index 75afa4d..8d00d7b 100644
--- a/lib/strtoll.c
+++ b/lib/strtoll.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* Function to parse a `long long int' from text.
+/* Function to parse a 'long long int' from text.
    Copyright (C) 1995-1997, 1999, 2001, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation,
    Inc.
    This file is part of the GNU C Library.
diff --git a/lib/strtoull.c b/lib/strtoull.c
index bf25995..c44142d 100644
--- a/lib/strtoull.c
+++ b/lib/strtoull.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* Function to parse an `unsigned long long int' from text.
+/* Function to parse an 'unsigned long long int' from text.
    Copyright (C) 1995-1997, 1999, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    NOTE: The canonical source of this file is maintained with the GNU C
    Library.  Bugs can be reported to address@hidden
diff --git a/lib/strverscmp.c b/lib/strverscmp.c
index be527a7..c7216a5 100644
--- a/lib/strverscmp.c
+++ b/lib/strverscmp.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
    - It's typically faster.
    POSIX says that only '0' through '9' are digits.  Prefer ISDIGIT to
    isdigit unless it's important to use the locale's definition
-   of `digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
+   of "digit" even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
 #define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned int) (c) - '0' <= 9)
 
 #undef __strverscmp
diff --git a/lib/trim.c b/lib/trim.c
index 155063e..d358409 100644
--- a/lib/trim.c
+++ b/lib/trim.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include "mbiter.h"
 #include "xalloc.h"
 
-/* Use this to suppress gcc's `...may be used before initialized' warnings. */
+/* Use this to suppress gcc's "...may be used before initialized" warnings. */
 #ifdef lint
 # define IF_LINT(Code) Code
 #else
diff --git a/lib/unsetenv.c b/lib/unsetenv.c
index 16b50d1..2896e42 100644
--- a/lib/unsetenv.c
+++ b/lib/unsetenv.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #if _LIBC
-/* This lock protects against simultaneous modifications of `environ'.  */
+/* This lock protects against simultaneous modifications of 'environ'.  */
 # include <bits/libc-lock.h>
 __libc_lock_define_initialized (static, envlock)
 # define LOCK   __libc_lock_lock (envlock)
diff --git a/lib/userspec.c b/lib/userspec.c
index a96b63a..67bb2ac 100644
--- a/lib/userspec.c
+++ b/lib/userspec.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
    - It's typically faster.
    POSIX says that only '0' through '9' are digits.  Prefer ISDIGIT to
    isdigit unless it's important to use the locale's definition
-   of `digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
+   of "digit" even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
 # define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned int) (c) - '0' <= 9)
 
 /* Return true if STR represents an unsigned decimal integer.  */
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ parse_with_separator (char const *spec, char const 
*separator,
 
 #ifdef __DJGPP__
   /* Pretend that we are the user U whose group is G.  This makes
-     pwd and grp functions ``know'' about the UID and GID of these.  */
+     pwd and grp functions "know" about the UID and GID of these.  */
   if (u && !is_number (u))
     setenv ("USER", u, 1);
   if (g && !is_number (g))
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@ parse_with_separator (char const *spec, char const 
*separator,
    Either user or group, or both, must be present.
    If the group is omitted but the separator is given,
    use the given user's login group.
-   If SPEC contains a `:', then use that as the separator, ignoring
-   any `.'s.  If there is no `:', but there is a `.', then first look
+   If SPEC contains a ':', then use that as the separator, ignoring
+   any '.'s.  If there is no ':', but there is a '.', then first look
    up the entire SPEC as a login name.  If that look-up fails, then
-   try again interpreting the `.'  as a separator.
+   try again interpreting the '.'  as a separator.
 
    USERNAME and GROUPNAME will be in newly malloc'd memory.
    Either one might be NULL instead, indicating that it was not
diff --git a/lib/verror.c b/lib/verror.c
index bc90ef3..945aa87 100644
--- a/lib/verror.c
+++ b/lib/verror.c
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@
 # define _(String) String
 #endif
 
-/* Print a message with `vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
+/* Print a message with 'vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
    if ERRNUM is nonzero, follow it with ": " and strerror (ERRNUM).
-   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with `exit (STATUS)'.
+   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with 'exit (STATUS)'.
    Use the globals error_print_progname and error_message_count similarly
    to error().  */
 void
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ verror (int status, int errnum, const char *format, va_list 
args)
   verror_at_line (status, errnum, NULL, 0, format, args);
 }
 
-/* Print a message with `vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
+/* Print a message with 'vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
    if ERRNUM is nonzero, follow it with ": " and strerror (ERRNUM).
-   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with `exit (STATUS)'.
-   If FNAME is not NULL, prepend the message with `FNAME:LINENO:'.
+   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with 'exit (STATUS)'.
+   If FNAME is not NULL, prepend the message with "FNAME:LINENO:".
    Use the globals error_print_progname, error_message_count, and
    error_one_per_line similarly to error_at_line().  */
 void
diff --git a/lib/verror.h b/lib/verror.h
index ec4ff1d..70a7006 100644
--- a/lib/verror.h
+++ b/lib/verror.h
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-/* Print a message with `vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
+/* Print a message with 'vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
    if ERRNUM is nonzero, follow it with ": " and strerror (ERRNUM).
-   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with `exit (STATUS)'.
+   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with 'exit (STATUS)'.
    Use the globals error_print_progname and error_message_count similarly
    to error().  */
 
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ extern void verror (int __status, int __errnum, const char 
*__format,
                     va_list __args)
      _GL_ATTRIBUTE_FORMAT ((__printf__, 3, 0));
 
-/* Print a message with `vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
+/* Print a message with 'vfprintf (stderr, FORMAT, ARGS)';
    if ERRNUM is nonzero, follow it with ": " and strerror (ERRNUM).
-   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with `exit (STATUS)'.
-   If FNAME is not NULL, prepend the message with `FNAME:LINENO:'.
+   If STATUS is nonzero, terminate the program with 'exit (STATUS)'.
+   If FNAME is not NULL, prepend the message with "FNAME:LINENO:".
    Use the globals error_print_progname, error_message_count, and
    error_one_per_line similarly to error_at_line().  */
 
diff --git a/lib/version-etc.h b/lib/version-etc.h
index a9b313d..bd49d72 100644
--- a/lib/version-etc.h
+++ b/lib/version-etc.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 # include <stdarg.h>
 # include <stdio.h>
 
-/* The `sentinel' attribute was added in gcc 4.0.  */
+/* The 'sentinel' attribute was added in gcc 4.0.  */
 #ifndef _GL_ATTRIBUTE_SENTINEL
 # if 4 <= __GNUC__
 #  define _GL_ATTRIBUTE_SENTINEL __attribute__ ((__sentinel__))
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ extern void version_etc (FILE *stream,
                          /* const char *author1, ..., NULL */ ...)
   _GL_ATTRIBUTE_SENTINEL;
 
-/* Display the usual `Report bugs to' stanza */
+/* Display the usual "Report bugs to" stanza.  */
 extern void emit_bug_reporting_address (void);
 
 #endif /* VERSION_ETC_H */
diff --git a/lib/xmemdup0.c b/lib/xmemdup0.c
index 32ac0f8..0dde4c2 100644
--- a/lib/xmemdup0.c
+++ b/lib/xmemdup0.c
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
 /* Clone an arbitrary block of bytes P of size S, with error checking,
-   and include a terminating NUL byte.  P is of type `void const *',
+   and include a terminating NUL byte.  P is of type 'void const *',
    to make it easier to use this with other mem* functions that return
-   `void *', but since appending a NUL byte only makes sense on bytes,
-   the return type is `char *'.
+   'void *', but since appending a NUL byte only makes sense on bytes,
+   the return type is 'char *'.
 
    The terminating NUL makes it safe to use strlen or rawmemchr to
    check for embedded NUL; it also speeds up algorithms such as escape
diff --git a/lib/xnanosleep.c b/lib/xnanosleep.c
index 442ddf5..a8b6cda 100644
--- a/lib/xnanosleep.c
+++ b/lib/xnanosleep.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 /* Sleep until the time (call it WAKE_UP_TIME) specified as
    SECONDS seconds after the time this function is called.
    SECONDS must be non-negative.  If SECONDS is so large that
-   it is not representable as a `struct timespec', then use
+   it is not representable as a 'struct timespec', then use
    the maximum value for that interval.  Return -1 on failure
    (setting errno), 0 on success.  */
 
diff --git a/lib/xstrtol.c b/lib/xstrtol.c
index b1fdd49..6de8eed 100644
--- a/lib/xstrtol.c
+++ b/lib/xstrtol.c
@@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ __xstrtol (const char *s, char **ptr, int strtol_base,
       err = LONGINT_OVERFLOW;
     }
 
-  /* Let valid_suffixes == NULL mean `allow any suffix'.  */
+  /* Let valid_suffixes == NULL mean "allow any suffix".  */
   /* FIXME: update all callers except the ones that allow suffixes
-     after the number, changing last parameter NULL to `""'.  */
+     after the number, changing last parameter NULL to "".  */
   if (!valid_suffixes)
     {
       *val = tmp;
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ __xstrtol (const char *s, char **ptr, int strtol_base,
 
       if (strchr (valid_suffixes, '0'))
         {
-          /* The ``valid suffix'' '0' is a special flag meaning that
+          /* The "valid suffix" '0' is a special flag meaning that
              an optional second suffix is allowed, which can change
              the base.  A suffix "B" (e.g. "100MB") stands for a power
              of 1000, whereas a suffix "iB" (e.g. "100MiB") stands for
diff --git a/m4/absolute-header.m4 b/m4/absolute-header.m4
index 400de55..881d286 100644
--- a/m4/absolute-header.m4
+++ b/m4/absolute-header.m4
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ dnl From Derek Price.
 # ---------------------------------------
 # Find the absolute name of a header file, testing first if the header exists.
 # If the header were sys/inttypes.h, this macro would define
-# ABSOLUTE_SYS_INTTYPES_H to the `""' quoted absolute name of sys/inttypes.h
+# ABSOLUTE_SYS_INTTYPES_H to the '""' quoted absolute name of sys/inttypes.h
 # in config.h
-# (e.g. `#define ABSOLUTE_SYS_INTTYPES_H "///usr/include/sys/inttypes.h"').
+# (e.g. '#define ABSOLUTE_SYS_INTTYPES_H "///usr/include/sys/inttypes.h"').
 # The three "///" are to pacify Sun C 5.8, which otherwise would say
 # "warning: #include of /usr/include/... may be non-portable".
-# Use `""', not `<>', so that the /// cannot be confused with a C99 comment.
+# Use '""', not '<>', so that the /// cannot be confused with a C99 comment.
 # Note: This macro assumes that the header file is not empty after
 # preprocessing, i.e. it does not only define preprocessor macros but also
 # provides some type/enum definitions or function/variable declarations.
diff --git a/m4/acl.m4 b/m4/acl.m4
index d6a448a..e9646be 100644
--- a/m4/acl.m4
+++ b/m4/acl.m4
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ int type = ACL_TYPE_EXTENDED;]])],
 
 # gl_ACL_GET_FILE(IF-WORKS, IF-NOT)
 # -------------------------------------
-# If `acl_get_file' works (does not have a particular bug),
+# If 'acl_get_file' works (does not have a particular bug),
 # run IF-WORKS, otherwise, IF-NOT.
 # This tests for a Darwin 8.7.0 bug, whereby acl_get_file returns NULL,
 # but sets errno = ENOENT for an existing file or directory.
diff --git a/m4/alloca.m4 b/m4/alloca.m4
index 2e2064c..bd1f8b1 100644
--- a/m4/alloca.m4
+++ b/m4/alloca.m4
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ m4_version_prereq([2.69], [] ,[
 
 # _AC_LIBOBJ_ALLOCA
 # -----------------
-# Set up the LIBOBJ replacement of `alloca'.  Well, not exactly
-# AC_LIBOBJ since we actually set the output variable `ALLOCA'.
+# Set up the LIBOBJ replacement of 'alloca'.  Well, not exactly
+# AC_LIBOBJ since we actually set the output variable 'ALLOCA'.
 # Nevertheless, for Automake, AC_LIBSOURCES it.
 m4_define([_AC_LIBOBJ_ALLOCA],
 [# The SVR3 libPW and SVR4 libucb both contain incompatible functions
diff --git a/m4/ansi-c++.m4 b/m4/ansi-c++.m4
index 3477953..ab1312c 100644
--- a/m4/ansi-c++.m4
+++ b/m4/ansi-c++.m4
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ EOF
   if test "$$1" != no; then
     dnl This macro invocation resolves an automake error:
     dnl /usr/local/share/automake-1.11/am/depend2.am: am__fastdepCXX does not 
appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
-    dnl /usr/local/share/automake-1.11/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to 
define `am__fastdepCXX' is to add `AC_PROG_CXX'
-    dnl /usr/local/share/automake-1.11/am/depend2.am:   to `configure.ac' and 
run `aclocal' and `autoconf' again.
+    dnl /usr/local/share/automake-1.11/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to 
define 'am__fastdepCXX' is to add 'AC_PROG_CXX'
+    dnl /usr/local/share/automake-1.11/am/depend2.am:   to 'configure.ac' and 
run 'aclocal' and 'autoconf' again.
     _AM_DEPENDENCIES([CXX])
   else
     AM_CONDITIONAL([am__fastdepCXX], [false])
diff --git a/m4/bison.m4 b/m4/bison.m4
index 266928c..9320d84 100644
--- a/m4/bison.m4
+++ b/m4/bison.m4
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ dnl
 dnl Declaring YACC & YFLAGS precious will not be necessary after GNULIB
 dnl requires an Autoconf greater than 2.59c, but it will probably still be
 dnl useful to override the description of YACC in the --help output, re
-dnl parse-datetime.y assuming `bison -y'.
+dnl parse-datetime.y assuming 'bison -y'.
   AC_ARG_VAR([YACC],
 [The "Yet Another C Compiler" implementation to use.  Defaults to 'bison -y'.
 Values other than 'bison -y' will most likely break on most systems.])dnl
diff --git a/m4/calloc.m4 b/m4/calloc.m4
index edddc9c..15f0a40 100644
--- a/m4/calloc.m4
+++ b/m4/calloc.m4
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 # _AC_FUNC_CALLOC_IF([IF-WORKS], [IF-NOT])
 # -------------------------------------
-# If `calloc (0, 0)' is properly handled, run IF-WORKS, otherwise, IF-NOT.
+# If 'calloc (0, 0)' is properly handled, run IF-WORKS, otherwise, IF-NOT.
 AC_DEFUN([_AC_FUNC_CALLOC_IF],
 [
   AC_REQUIRE([AC_TYPE_SIZE_T])dnl
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([_AC_FUNC_CALLOC_IF],
 
 # gl_FUNC_CALLOC_GNU
 # ------------------
-# Report whether `calloc (0, 0)' is properly handled, and replace calloc if
+# Report whether 'calloc (0, 0)' is properly handled, and replace calloc if
 # needed.
 AC_DEFUN([gl_FUNC_CALLOC_GNU],
 [
diff --git a/m4/fsusage.m4 b/m4/fsusage.m4
index 8e9e2cb..657b141 100644
--- a/m4/fsusage.m4
+++ b/m4/fsusage.m4
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ ac_fsusage_space=no
 # Perform only the link test since it seems there are no variants of the
 # statvfs function.  This check is more than just AC_CHECK_FUNCS([statvfs])
 # because that got a false positive on SCO OSR5.  Adding the declaration
-# of a `struct statvfs' causes this test to fail (as it should) on such
+# of a 'struct statvfs' causes this test to fail (as it should) on such
 # systems.  That system is reported to work fine with STAT_STATFS4 which
 # is what it gets when this test fails.
 if test $ac_fsusage_space = no; then
diff --git a/m4/getloadavg.m4 b/m4/getloadavg.m4
index b16f40d..3afcfd2 100644
--- a/m4/getloadavg.m4
+++ b/m4/getloadavg.m4
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ AC_CHECK_DECL([getloadavg], [], [HAVE_DECL_GETLOADAVG=0],
 
 # gl_PREREQ_GETLOADAVG
 # --------------------
-# Set up the AC_LIBOBJ replacement of `getloadavg'.
+# Set up the AC_LIBOBJ replacement of 'getloadavg'.
 AC_DEFUN([gl_PREREQ_GETLOADAVG],
 [
 # Figure out what our getloadavg.c needs.
diff --git a/m4/gettext.m4 b/m4/gettext.m4
index cab4dfc..a433f2e 100644
--- a/m4/gettext.m4
+++ b/m4/gettext.m4
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ dnl    will be ignored.  If NEEDSYMBOL is specified and is
 dnl    'need-formatstring-macros', then GNU gettext implementations that don't
 dnl    support the ISO C 99 <inttypes.h> formatstring macros will be ignored.
 dnl INTLDIR is used to find the intl libraries.  If empty,
-dnl    the value `$(top_builddir)/intl/' is used.
+dnl    the value '$(top_builddir)/intl/' is used.
 dnl
 dnl The result of the configuration is one of three cases:
 dnl 1) GNU gettext, as included in the intl subdirectory, will be compiled
diff --git a/m4/include_next.m4 b/m4/include_next.m4
index 8a1fab6..3fbdfad 100644
--- a/m4/include_next.m4
+++ b/m4/include_next.m4
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ choke me
 # even if the compiler does not support include_next.
 # The three "///" are to pacify Sun C 5.8, which otherwise would say
 # "warning: #include of /usr/include/... may be non-portable".
-# Use `""', not `<>', so that the /// cannot be confused with a C99 comment.
+# Use '""', not '<>', so that the /// cannot be confused with a C99 comment.
 # Note: This macro assumes that the header file is not empty after
 # preprocessing, i.e. it does not only define preprocessor macros but also
 # provides some type/enum definitions or function/variable declarations.
diff --git a/m4/ls-mntd-fs.m4 b/m4/ls-mntd-fs.m4
index 3a823fa..7e19bf4 100644
--- a/m4/ls-mntd-fs.m4
+++ b/m4/ls-mntd-fs.m4
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ AC_FUNC_GETMNTENT
 # with other getmntent implementations.
 
 # NOTE: Normally, I wouldn't use a check for system type as I've done for
-# `CRAY' below since that goes against the whole autoconf philosophy.  But
+# 'CRAY' below since that goes against the whole autoconf philosophy.  But
 # I think there is too great a chance that some non-Cray system has a
 # function named listmntent to risk the false positive.
 
diff --git a/m4/perl.m4 b/m4/perl.m4
index 55316a6..66b539c 100644
--- a/m4/perl.m4
+++ b/m4/perl.m4
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_PERL],
   dnl FIXME: don't hard-code 5.005
   AC_MSG_CHECKING([for perl5.005 or newer])
   if test "${PERL+set}" = set; then
-    # `PERL' is set in the user's environment.
+    # 'PERL' is set in the user's environment.
     candidate_perl_names="$PERL"
     perl_specified=yes
   else
diff --git a/m4/physmem.m4 b/m4/physmem.m4
index 6058f48..1d0c1be 100644
--- a/m4/physmem.m4
+++ b/m4/physmem.m4
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
 dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
 
 # Check for the external symbol, _system_configuration,
-# a struct with member `physmem'.
+# a struct with member 'physmem'.
 AC_DEFUN([gl_SYS__SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION],
   [AC_CACHE_CHECK([for external symbol _system_configuration],
                   gl_cv_var__system_configuration,
diff --git a/m4/posixver.m4 b/m4/posixver.m4
index 6d97b10..d8f7ed6 100644
--- a/m4/posixver.m4
+++ b/m4/posixver.m4
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_POSIXVER],
 ])
 
 # Set the default level of POSIX conformance at configure-time.
-# Build with `./configure DEFAULT_POSIX2_VERSION=199209 ...' to
+# Build with './configure DEFAULT_POSIX2_VERSION=199209 ...' to
 # support the older version, thus preserving portability with
 # scripts that use sort +1, tail +32, etc.
 # Note however, that this breaks tools that might run commands
-# like `sort +some-file' that conform with the newer standard.
+# like 'sort +some-file' that conform with the newer standard.
 AC_DEFUN([gl_DEFAULT_POSIX2_VERSION],
 [
   AC_MSG_CHECKING([for desired default level of POSIX conformance])
diff --git a/m4/time_h.m4 b/m4/time_h.m4
index 3454b23..cbf3a15 100644
--- a/m4/time_h.m4
+++ b/m4/time_h.m4
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_HEADER_TIME_H_BODY],
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_CHECK_TYPE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC])
 ])
 
-dnl Define HAVE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC if `struct timespec' is declared
+dnl Define HAVE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC if 'struct timespec' is declared
 dnl in time.h, sys/time.h, or pthread.h.
 
 AC_DEFUN([gl_CHECK_TYPE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC],
diff --git a/m4/utimbuf.m4 b/m4/utimbuf.m4
index 58ead2f..1540ad8 100644
--- a/m4/utimbuf.m4
+++ b/m4/utimbuf.m4
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 dnl From Jim Meyering
 
-dnl Define HAVE_STRUCT_UTIMBUF if `struct utimbuf' is declared --
+dnl Define HAVE_STRUCT_UTIMBUF if 'struct utimbuf' is declared --
 dnl usually in <utime.h>.
 dnl Some systems have utime.h but don't declare the struct anywhere.
 
diff --git a/modules/userspec b/modules/userspec
index e528e69..ce1ee17 100644
--- a/modules/userspec
+++ b/modules/userspec
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Description:
-Parse a `user:group' specifier (e.g. the first argument of chown utility).
+Parse a 'user:group' specifier (e.g. the first argument of chown utility).
 
 Files:
 lib/userspec.c
diff --git a/tests/init.sh b/tests/init.sh
index 43f5089..1c0c66e 100644
--- a/tests/init.sh
+++ b/tests/init.sh
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ ME_=`expr "./$0" : '.*/\(.*\)$'`
 
 # We use a trap below for cleanup.  This requires us to go through
 # hoops to get the right exit status transported through the handler.
-# So use `Exit STATUS' instead of `exit STATUS' inside of the tests.
+# So use 'Exit STATUS' instead of 'exit STATUS' inside of the tests.
 # Turn off errexit here so that we don't trip the bug with OSF1/Tru64
 # sh inside this function.
 Exit () { set +e; (exit $1); exit $1; }
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ else
     if test "$re_shell_" = __current__; then
       # 'eval'ing this code makes Solaris 10's /bin/sh exit with
       # $? set to 2.  It does not evaluate any of the code after the
-      # "unexpected" first `('.  Thus, we must run it in a subshell.
+      # "unexpected" first '('.  Thus, we must run it in a subshell.
       ( eval "$gl_shell_test_script_" ) > /dev/null 2>&1
     else
       "$re_shell_" -c "$gl_shell_test_script_" 2>/dev/null
diff --git a/top/GNUmakefile b/top/GNUmakefile
index 97f4294..e3b623a 100644
--- a/top/GNUmakefile
+++ b/top/GNUmakefile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Having a separate GNUmakefile lets me `include' the dynamically
+# Having a separate GNUmakefile lets me 'include' the dynamically
 # generated rules created via cfg.mk (package-local configuration)
 # as well as maint.mk (generic maintainer rules).
 # This makefile is used only if you run GNU Make.
diff --git a/top/maint.mk b/top/maint.mk
index e4efb5f..5aad067 100644
--- a/top/maint.mk
+++ b/top/maint.mk
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ export LC_ALL = C
 
 _cfg_mk := $(shell test -f $(srcdir)/cfg.mk && echo '$(srcdir)/cfg.mk')
 
-# Collect the names of rules starting with `sc_'.
+# Collect the names of rules starting with 'sc_'.
 syntax-check-rules := $(sort $(shell sed -n 's/^\(sc_[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\):.*/\1/p' 
\
                        $(srcdir)/$(ME) $(_cfg_mk)))
 .PHONY: $(syntax-check-rules)
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ sc_space_tab:
        halt='found SPACE-TAB sequence; remove the SPACE'               \
          $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
-# Don't use *scanf or the old ato* functions in `real' code.
+# Don't use *scanf or the old ato* functions in "real" code.
 # They provide no error checking mechanism.
 # Instead, use strto* functions.
 sc_prohibit_atoi_atof:
@@ -335,15 +335,15 @@ sc_prohibit_magic_number_exit:
          $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
 # Using EXIT_SUCCESS as the first argument to error is misleading,
-# since when that parameter is 0, error does not exit.  Use `0' instead.
+# since when that parameter is 0, error does not exit.  Use '0' instead.
 sc_error_exit_success:
        @prohibit='error *\(EXIT_SUCCESS,'                              \
        in_vc_files='\.[chly]$$'                                        \
        halt='found error (EXIT_SUCCESS'                                \
         $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
-# `FATAL:' should be fully upper-cased in error messages
-# `WARNING:' should be fully upper-cased, or fully lower-cased
+# "FATAL:" should be fully upper-cased in error messages
+# "WARNING:" should be fully upper-cased, or fully lower-cased
 sc_error_message_warn_fatal:
        @grep -nEA2 '[^rp]error *\(' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))              \
            | grep -E '"Warning|"Fatal|"fatal' &&                       \
@@ -1087,15 +1087,15 @@ sc_po_check:
 
 # Sometimes it is useful to change the PATH environment variable
 # in Makefiles.  When doing so, it's better not to use the Unix-centric
-# path separator of `:', but rather the automake-provided `$(PATH_SEPARATOR)'.
-msg = '$(ME): Do not use `:'\'' above; use $$(PATH_SEPARATOR) instead'
+# path separator of ':', but rather the automake-provided '$(PATH_SEPARATOR)'.
+msg = '$(ME): Do not use '\'':'\'' above; use $$(PATH_SEPARATOR) instead'
 sc_makefile_path_separator_check:
        @prohibit='PATH[=].*:'                                          \
        in_vc_files='akefile|\.mk$$'                                    \
        halt=$(msg)                                                     \
          $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
-# Check that `make alpha' will not fail at the end of the process,
+# Check that 'make alpha' will not fail at the end of the process,
 # i.e., when pkg-M.N.tar.xz already exists (either in "." or in ../release)
 # and is read-only.
 writable-files:
@@ -1455,9 +1455,9 @@ ifeq (a,b)
 # TS-start
 
 # Most functions should have static scope.
-# Any that don't must be marked with `extern', but `main'
-# and `usage' are exceptions: they're always extern, but
-# do not need to be marked.  Symbols matching `__.*' are
+# Any that don't must be marked with 'extern', but 'main'
+# and 'usage' are exceptions: they're always extern, but
+# do not need to be marked.  Symbols matching '__.*' are
 # reserved by the compiler, so are automatically excluded below.
 _gl_TS_unmarked_extern_functions ?= main usage
 _gl_TS_function_match ?= /^(?:$(_gl_TS_extern)) +.*?(\S+) *\(/
@@ -1467,9 +1467,9 @@ _gl_TS_function_match ?= /^(?:$(_gl_TS_extern)) +.*?(\S+) 
*\(/
 # export _gl_TS_extern = extern|XTERN
 _gl_TS_extern ?= extern
 
-# The second nm|grep checks for file-scope variables with `extern' scope.
+# The second nm|grep checks for file-scope variables with 'extern' scope.
 # Without gnulib's progname module, you might put program_name here.
-# Symbols matching `__.*' are reserved by the compiler,
+# Symbols matching '__.*' are reserved by the compiler,
 # so are automatically excluded below.
 _gl_TS_unmarked_extern_vars ?=
 
-- 
1.7.6.4




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