Currently Emacs uses sigprocmask to alter signal masks, but
sigprocmask is portable only for single-threaded applications, and
Emacs can be multithreaded when it uses GTK (and is likely to
become more multithreaded in the future). I've seen bug reports
about this for other apps, in which misuse of sigprocmask (where
pthread_sigmask should be used) causes segfaults and the like. I
haven't reproduced the problem with GNU Emacs but any such bugs
would quite possibly be random crashes that don't seem to be
related to sigprocmask.